Heating and Cooling Rates of Different Surfaces

Process Standard (1.3): Conduct lab investigations to study nature (1.8): Organize data into useful forms (graphs)

Knowledge standard (S1): Properties and principles of matter and energy

GLEsUse a variety of tools to gather data (IN1B7c)

Measure temperature in degree Celsius (IN1B7d)

Use data to communicate the results of investigations through graphs (IN1E7a)

Materials: thermometer, timer(clock), lab lamp, ruler, surface ______

Procedure:

  1. Locate all materials at lab station
  2. Place thermometer on surface and set up lamp so light is 15 cm above the thermometer.
  3. Read the temperature-be sure to read to the tenths (one place behind the decimal). Record this value on the data table for initial temperature (time 0).
  4. Turn on lamp, making sure the light directly shines on the thermometer lying on the surface.
  5. Time one minute, measure temperature, record.
  6. Repeat until you have data for ten minutes. Turn off lamp.
  7. Time one minute. Read and record temperature (min 11)
  8. Continue to take readings each min until you have data for 20 min.

Data Table:Temperature of Different Surfaces Over Time

Surface / Temperature (C) for each minute w/ lamp on
min / 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 8 / 9 / 10
Surface / Temperature (C) for each minute w/ lamp off
min / 10 / 11 / 12 / 13 / 14 / 15 / 16 / 17 / 18 / 19 / 20

ANALYSIS:

  1. Copy all class data into data table.
  2. Construct a multiple line graph of the data.

a. Place a title on the graph-use the same name as the data table

b. Label the horizontal axis Time (min) and number your intervals from 0-20.

c. Label the vertical axis Temperature (C) and create equal intervals from just below your lowest temperature value in the data table to just above the highest temperature value in the data table.

d. Create a key on the graph to indicate which color was used for which surface.

e. Plot the data using a different color for each surface.

f. Connect the same color data points using a “best fit” line (not “dot-to-dot”)

3.List the surfaces in the order in which they heated up, beginning with the one that heated up the most, ending with the one that heated up the least.

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4.List the surfaces in the order in which they appeared to cool, beginning with the one that cooled the fastest (steepest decline), and ending with the one that cooled the slowest (least steep line).

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5.If these surfaces were on the earth being heated by the sun, give an example of where you might find the hottest surface. Explain why.

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6.Using your previous knowledge of conduction and convection, where would you expect to find the warmest air during the day when the sun is shining? Why?

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Extending your concepts:

7.Where would you expect the air to have the greatest pressure, above the hottest surface OR above the coolest surface? Explain your reasoning.

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egr 9/2008