H012 - 008 … Review for Test: Latin America
Name: ______DATE: TUE. 13 MAY 2014
Review: "Test Preparation" Latin AmericaGlobal History II
1. The landform that has been a barrier to cultural and economic development in Latin America is
1. cordilleras/Andes2. llanos3. estuaries4. mestizos
2. The varied climate and topography of Latin America have directly led to
1. the deforestation of the region.3. overpopulation in rural areas.
2. the development of many diverse cultures.4. rapid political unification.
3. The Zaire (Congo) River basin of Central Africa and the Amazon River basin of South America
are similar in that both
1. contain tropical rain forests3. support heavy industrial development
2. have high population densities4. include large areas of pastureland
4. For many Latin American nations, the reliance on single cash-crop economies has led to
1. unstable economies as world market prices rise and fall
2. long-term economic progress as exports continue to increase
3. an increased standard of living for the majority of farmers
4. increased agricultural surpluses as production of food exceeds demand
5. Which group of people would most likely support land reform programs in present-day Latin America?
1. peasants and owners of small farms3. military leaders
2. wealthy landowners4. owners of large businesses
6. A direct result of the voyages of Christopher Columbus was
1. a decrease in exploration by European nations
2. an exchange of goods and ideas between the Americas and the rest of the world
3. the end of missionary work in the Americas
4. the growth of democracy throughout the Americas
7. The Crusades led to the Age of Exploration because
1. Europeans sought new trade routes to obtain Asian goods.
2. the Catholic Church gained permanent control of the Holy Land.
3. Europeans wanted to learn about other cultures.
4. kings sent returning soldiers to conquer new lands.
8. Which person was responsible for the idea of “ Gran Colombia ” ?
1. Martin Luther2. Fidel Castro3. Genghis Khan4. Simon Bolivar
9. Which geographic feature of Latin America attracted both the Spanish conquistadors such as Hernando Cortez and Francisco Pizarro in the 16th century, and industrial manufactures in the 20th century?
1. the Straits of Magellan2. a varied climate3. mineral resources4. rainforests
10. Since the economies of many Latin American nations depend on cash crops, these economies are often affected by
1. terrorist actions.2. foreign imperialism. 3. changing market prices.4. labor union activity.
11. Who is the Father of Cuban Communism ?
1. Simon Bolivar2. Machiavelli3. Lenin4. Fidel Castro
12. Which primary source would most likely provide a Latin American perspective rather than a European perspective on history?
1. a journal written by a Spanish missionary
2. an eyewitness account by a follower of Emiliano Zapata in the Mexican Revolution
3. a painting of the city of Rio de Janeiro done by a Portuguese merchant
4. a letter from Hernando Cortés about his conquest of the Aztecs to the King of Spain
13. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was an attempt to
1. prevent the spread of disease3. stop all human rights violations
2. lower tariffs (trade barriers)4. create a common system of government for their regions
14. Simon Bolivar, Jose de San Martin, and Toussaint L'Ouverture are important in Latin American history because they were
1. 20th-century caudillos3. winners of the Nobel Peace Prize
2. fought for Latin American independence from Spain4. members of the Organization of American States
15. The 19th-century independence movements in Latin America were influenced by
1. Marxist ideology3. liberation theology
2. the Aztec wars against Hernando Cortes4. the American and French Revolutions
16. The idea of “Gran Colombia” was
1. to turn South America into a confederation of states similar to that found in the United States.
2. to make the nation of Colombia reach the same height of civilization has had the Incas centuries ago.
3. name a Spanish colony for the world renowned explorer Christopher Columbus.
4. into a major sea-going nation.
17. Which group has traditionally held political power in Latin America?
1. landowners and military leaders3. scientists and city dwellers
2. peasant farmers and union leaders4. factory workers and intellectuals
18. Which of these situations was the direct result of the other three?
1. Nations of Latin America won independence.
2. The Napoleonic wars weakened Spain's power.
3. Revolutions occurred in North America and France.
4. Creoles and mestizos became discontented with Spanish rule.
19. In Latin America during the early period of Spanish colonialism, the deaths of large numbers
of native people led to
1. a decline in Spanish immigration to the Americas3. the importation of slaves from Africa
2. the removal of most Spanish troops from the Americas4. improved health care in the colonies
20. For the majority of people in Latin America ... the wars fought against the Spanish for freedom
in the early 1800s
1. did not change their everyday lives, nor improve their standard of living
2. made them extremely wealthy
3. made them dependent on the Dutch instead of the Spanish
4. prepared them for immediate democratic rule
21. Which group of people would most likely support land reform programs in present-day Latin America?
1. peasants and owners of small farms3. military leaders
2. wealthy landowners4. owners of large businesses
22. Which characteristic was common to ancient civilizations in Egypt, Sumer, China, and Mexico?
1. monotheist religion3. influence of European cultures
2. written forms of communication4. nomadic lifestyle
23. In the 16th and 17th centuries in Latin America, European mercantilism led to
1. exploitation of people and resources.3. the rejection of Spanish culture.
2. the growth of democratic forms of government.4. opposition to the Roman Catholic Church.
24. During the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, which significant political development occurred
in many Latin American nations?
1. consolidation of power by military dictatorships3. renewed independence on China
2. movement toward democratic governments4. increased colonization by foreign powers
25. A lasting impact of the pre-Columbian civilizations (Mayan, Aztec, and Incan) of Latin America was that these cultures
1. influenced art and architecture of later societies.
2. encouraged social mobility through education.
3. developed a complex system of trade with Europe.
4. developed the first representative democracies in Latin America.
26. Communism as practiced in the 20th century in Cuba, the Soviet Union, China, and North Koreaconsists of
1. a democratic political system and a capitalist economy
2. a theocratic political system and an agrarian (agricultural) economy
3. an authoritarian political system and a command economy
4. a feudal political system and a manorial economy
27. Which situation appealed to Russian serfs in the 1910s, the Chinese peasants in the 1930s & 1940s, the Cuban peasants in the 1950s, and Nicaraguan peasants in the 1980s?
1. The role of religion was reemphasized.
2. Individual rights were guaranteed under constitutional democracies.
3. A Marxist leaders promised land reform and to improve the living standards of the people.
4. Relations with the United States were improving.
28. In the 1980's, the governments of both Brazil and Malaysia supported the cutting of timber in their rain forests as a means of
1. achieving economic prosperity 3. increasing the national debt
2. controlling rebellions of indigenous peoples 4. preventing exploitation by imperialist nations
29. Which development in Latin American history occurred last?
1. the rise of independence movements in opposition to colonial rule
2. the emergence of Cuba as the first communist nation in the Western Hemisphere
3. the end of the importation of slaves into the region
4. Spanish conquest of Inca, Maya, and Aztec civilizations
30. One similarity between the Russian Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, the Chinese Revolution of 1949,
and the Cuban Revolution of 1959 is that they all
1. brought communist governments to power.3. failed to overthrow existing governments.
2. led to world wars.4. were fought to free ethnic minorities.
31. Which statement describes an impact that the Columbian Exchange had on the lives of Europeans?
(1) The transfer of new products and ideas encouraged economic growth.
(2) New diseases were brought to Europe and resulted in massive deaths caused by a plague.
(3) Native Americans immigrated to Europe and competed with Europeans for jobs.
(4) Cross-cultural contacts between South America and Asia declined.
32. The political ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Pol Pot were strongly influenced by the writings of
(1) Confucius (2) Napoleon(3) Otto von Bismarck(4) Karl Marx
33. The Panama Canal and Suez Canal are
1. deserts2. archipelagos3. strategic chokepoints4. capitals of countries
34. In what year did Christopher Columbus sail to, and reach, the Western Hemisphere ?
1.476 AD2. 800 AD3.1095 AD4.1492 (AD)
35. Cuba and Puerto Rico gained freedom from Spain due to
1. Simon Bolivar and his early 1800 wars of liberation3. World War I
2. Fernando Pizzaro and his attack on the Incas4. the Spanish-American War
36. Four events in Latin American history, labeled A, B, C, and D, are given below.
A Bolivar leads independence movements
B Castro becomes leader of Cuba
C Aztec, Maya, and Inca civilizations thrive
D Spanish colonial governments rule most of Latin America
What is the correct chronological order (how things occurred beginning with the earliest date) of these events?
(1)D---> A ---> B---> C
(2)C --->D ---> A---> B
(3)A --->B ---> C---> D
(4)B---> D ---> A---> C
37. "Cuba today is a land of impossible contradictions, a utopia with beggars, a so-called puppet still dancing after the puppet master's death."
In this 1993 newspaper quotation, which nation is referred to as the "puppet master"?
1. Haiti2. Spain3. Soviet Union4. United States5. Nicaragua
38. A study of the cultures of the Incas, Aztecs, and Mayas in Latin America shows that these civilizations were
1. industrialized, urban, democratic societies
2. hunting-and-gathering societies that often moved in search of food
3. well-organized societies with strong religious influences
4. primitive societies with no written communication
39. One reason for the French Revolution (1789), Latin American Revolutions (early 1800s), the Russian Revolution (1917), the Chinese Revolution (1927 --->1948), Cuban Revolution (1959), and Iranian Revolution (1978)
was that
1. People often rebel when they are governed by a foreign power
2. the monarchs did not meet the needs of culturally diverse populations.
3. the writings of Karl Marx encouraged workers and the industrialists to unite
4. existing governments failed to meet the needs (economic and/or social) of the people
40. The major reason the Mexican Government strongly supported the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was that this agreement would
1. raise tariffs on United States products entering Mexico.
2. reduce Mexico’s economic dependence on Europe.
3. promote investment and economic growth in Mexico.
4. stimulate trade between Asia and Latin America.
41. Touissant L'Ouverture, Father Miguel Hidalgo, Jose de San Martin, and Simon Bolivar helped to bring about
1. a decline in the power of the military 3. independence for Latin American nations
2. the use of technology in manufacturing 4. the defeat of native people by the Europeans
42. The Zaire (Congo) River basin of Central Africa and the Amazon River basin of South America
are similar in that both
1. contain tropical rain forests3. support heavy industrial development
2. have high population densities4. include large areas of pastureland
43. Which statement provides the best evidence that Spain was the dominant colonial power in Latin America?
1. Spain and Mexico continue to use the same currency.
2. Spain continues to provide military support for Latin America.
3. Spanish is the principal language spoken in most of Latin America.
4. Argentina elects representatives to the legislature of Spain.
44. The encomienda system in Latin America was a direct result of the
(1) Crusades (2) Age of Exploration (3) Reformation (4) Age of Reason
45. During the early 1800s, Miguel Hidalgo and Simon Bolivar, leaders of Latin American independence movements, were inspired by
1. the American & French Revolutions of the 1700s3. Ancient Egypt & Ancient China
2. Russian & Chinese Revolutions of the 1900s4. the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
46. Which of the following groups are known as "Pre-Columbian" civilizations ?
1. Palestinians, Hebrews, Jordanians 3. Mongols, Tartars, Huns
2. Zulu, Xhosa, Bantu 4. Incas, Aztecs, Mayas
47. A study of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations of Latin America would show that these civilizations
1. developed advanced and complex societies before the arrival of the Europeans
2. established extensive trade with Pacific Rim nations
3. were strongly influenced by their contact with Asian and African civilizations
4. were relatively large, but not well organized
48. Which geographic feature made it difficult to unify South America?
(1) AndesMountains(2) Straits of Magellan (3) Gulf of Mexico(4) Argentinian pampas
49. Article 27 of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 declares: "Ownership of all minerals belongs to the nation." This phrase was included in the Constitution because
1. Mexicans were importing large quantities of minerals
2. foreign companies were dominating the mining industry
3. Indian peoples controlled most of the land where mineral resources were located
4. large reserves of coal and iron ore had recently been discovered
50. Article 27 of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 declares: "Ownership of all minerals belongs to the nation."
Which term best describes this situation ?
1. imperialism2. monotheism3. nationalism4. nationalization
51. One similarity between the Russian Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, the Chinese Revolution of 1949,
and the Cuban Revolution of 1959 is that they all
1. brought communist governments to power.3. failed to overthrow existing governments.
2. led to world wars.4. were fought to free ethnic minorities.
52. Which situation appealed to Russian serfs in the 1910s, the Chinese peasants in the 1930s & 1940s,
the Cuban peasants in the 1950s, and Nicaraguan peasants in the 1980s?
1. The role of religion was reemphasized.
2. Individual rights were guaranteed under constitutional democracies.
3. A Marxist leaders promised land reform and to improve the living standards of the people.
4. Relations with the United States were improving.
53. "The Bay of Pigs Incident" and "the Cuban Missile Crisis" were both part of
1. Spanish colonialization of Latin America3. World War I
2. the Mexican Revolution4. the Cold War
54. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was an attempt to
1. prevent the spread of disease3. encourage economic cooperation among members
2. stop all human rights violations4. create a common system of government for their regions
55. Throughout history, people have lived on savannas, in deserts, in mountains, along river valleys, along coastlines, and on islands. This statement demonstrates that people
(1) adapt their surroundings (3) organize similar forms of government
(2) develop a common language (4) prefer to live in isolated areas
56. Which statement best describes the concept of mercantilism?
(1) Universal suffrage leads to educated citizens. (3) Only the fittest deserve to survive.
(2) Controlling trade is a key to increasing power. (4) Strict social control prevents revolutions.
57. A study of Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations
(1) relied on mechanized agricultural techniques
(2) carried on extensive food trade with each other
(3) adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques
(4) relied on a single-crop economy
58.Although Cuba has lost support from many nations, one reason Fidel Castro has remained in power is that he has
(1) established free trade with the United States(3) prohibited the practice of Catholicism
(2) opposed communism (4) raised the standard of living for many Cubans
59. The Gupta civilization (4th-6th centuries) and the Maya civilization (4th-l0th centuries) were similar in that both
(1) built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero
(2) eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy
(3) developed early democratic systems
(4) were conquered by European imperialists
60. What was a major cause of the civil wars in many Central American nations in the 1970s and 1980s?
(1) economic differences between social classes (3) rapid economic reform
(2) end of slavery in the encomienda system (4) oil production policies
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