APPENDIX A: STIMULI

Experiment 1

Grammar set with a simple feature

Grammar A1

Study items

MXSJSQJ

MXTNXSJ

MXTNXTN

MWSJWSJ

MWSJSQJ

MWTNXSJ

MSQJWTN

MSQJSQJ

MSRZPRZ

MPQJWSJ

MPQJSRZ

MPRZPQJ

MXSJWSJWTN

MXSJWTNXSJ

MXTNXSJWTN

MXTNXSJSRZ

MXTNXTNXSJ

MWSJWTNXSJ

MWSJSRZPQJ

MWTNXSJWTN

MWTNXTNXSJ

MWTNXTNXTN

MSQJWTNXSJ

MSQJSRZPQJ

MSQJSRZPRZ

MSRZPQJWTN

MSRZPRZPRZ

MPQJWTNXSJ

MPQJWTNXTN

MPQJSQJWSJ

MPRZPQJSRZ

MPRZPRZPQJ

Test items

MXSJWSJ

MXSJSRZ

MWSJSRZ

MSQJWSJ

MSRZPQJ

MPQJSQJ

MXSJWTNXTN

MXTNXSJWSJ

MWSJSRZPRZ

MSQJWTNXTN

MPQJSQJSRZ

MPRZPQJWSJ

_XSJWTN

_WSJWTN

_WTNXTN

_SQJSRZ

_PQJWTN

_PRZPRZ

_XSJSRZPQJ

_WSJWTNXTN

_WTNXSJWSJ

_SRZPRZPQJ

_PQJSRZPQJ

_PRZPQJWTN

Grammar B1

Study items

QPMZSMZ

QPMZSTJ

QPMZWRN

RSMZSTJ

RSMZWRN

RWQZWRN

TSTJPTJ

TWQZSMZ

TWRNXQZ

SXQZSTJ

SXQZWQZ

SXRNXRN

QPMZSTJPTJ

QPMZWRNXQZ

QPTJPMZSMZ

QPTJPMZSTJ

QPTJPTJPMZ

RSTJPMZSMZ

RSTJPMZSTJ

RWQZSTJPTJ

RWQZWRNXQZ

RWRNXRNXQZ

TSMZSTJPTJ

TSMZWRNXRN

TSTJPTJPMZ

TWQZWRNXRN

TWRNXRNXRN

SXQZSTJPMZ

SXQZWQZWRN

SXQZWRNXQZ

SXRNXQZSMZ

SXRNXQZSTJ

Test items

QPTJPMZ

RSMZSMZ

TSTJPMZ

TWQZWQZ

SXQZSMZ

SXRNXQZ

QPMZSTJPMZ

TSMZSTJPMZ

RSTJPTJPTJ

TWRNXQZSTJ

SXQZWQZSMZ

SXRNXRNXQZ

_PMZWQZ

_PTJPTJ

_SMZWQZ

_WQZSTJ

_WRNXRN

_XQZWRN

_PMZSMZSTJ

_PTJPMZWRN

_SMZWRNXQZ

_WQZSTJPMZ

_XQZSTJPTJ

_XRNXQZWRN

Grammar set without a simple feature

Grammar A2

Study items

RXMJSQJ

RXTNXMJ

RXTNXTN

QWMJWMJ

MWMJSQJ

MWTNXMJ

QSQJWTN

MSQJSQJ

QSRZPRZ

TPQJWMJ

TPQJSRZ

TPRZPQJ

RXMJWMJWTN

RXMJWTNXMJ

RXTNXMJWTN

RXTNXMJSRZ

RXTNXTNXMJ

MWMJWTNXMJ

QWMJSRZPQJ

QWTNXMJWTN

MWTNXTNXMJ

QWTNXTNXTN

QSQJWTNXMJ

QSQJSRZPQJ

MSQJSRZPRZ

MSRZPQJWTN

MSRZPRZPRZ

TPQJWTNXMJ

TPQJWTNXTN

TPQJSQJWMJ

TPRZPQJSRZ

TPRZPRZPQJ

Test items

RXMJWMJ

RXMJSRZ

QWMJSRZ

MSQJWMJ

MSRZPQJ

TPQJSQJ

RXMJWTNXTN

RXTNXMJWMJ

MWMJSRZPRZ

QSQJWTNXTN

TPQJSQJSRZ

TPRZPQJWMJ

_XMJWTN

_WMJWTN

_WTNXTN

_SQJSRZ

_PQJWTN

_PRZPRZ

_XMJSRZPQJ

_WMJWTNXTN

_WTNXMJWMJ

_SRZPRZPQJ

_PQJSRZPQJ

_PRZPQJWTN

Grammar B2

Study items

QPMZSMZ

QPMZSTJ

QPMZWRN

RSMZSTJ

RSMZWRN

RWQZWRN

TSTJPTJ

TWQZSMZ

TWRNXQZ

MXQZSTJ

MXQZWQZ

MXRNXRN

QPMZSTJPTJ

QPMZWRNXQZ

QPTJPMZSMZ

QPTJPMZSTJ

QPTJPTJPMZ

RSTJPMZSMZ

RSTJPMZSTJ

RWQZSTJPTJ

RWQZWRNXQZ

RWRNXRNXQZ

TSMZSTJPTJ

TSMZWRNXRN

TSTJPTJPMZ

TWQZWRNXRN

TWRNXRNXRN

MXQZSTJPMZ

MXQZWQZWRN

MXQZWRNXQZ

MXRNXQZSMZ

MXRNXQZSTJ

Test items

QPTJPMZ

RSMZSMZ

TSTJPMZ

TWQZWQZ

MXQZSMZ

MXRNXQZ

QPMZSTJPMZ

TSMZSTJPMZ

RSTJPTJPTJ

TWRNXQZSTJ

MXQZWQZSMZ

MXRNXRNXQZ

_PMZWQZ

_PTJPTJ

_SMZWQZ

_WQZSTJ

_WRNXRN

_XQZWRN

_PMZSMZSTJ

_PTJPMZWRN

_SMZWRNXQZ

_WQZSTJPMZ

_XQZSTJPTJ

_XRNXQZWRN

Experiment 2

Grammar A3

Study items

RMXMJSQN

RMXTNXMN

RMXTNXTZ

QMWMJWMN

QMWMJSQN

QMWTNXMN

QMSQJWTZ

QMSQJSQN

QMSRZPRJ

TMPQJWMN

TMPQJSRJ

TMPRZPQN

RMXMJWMJWTZ

RMXMJWTNXMN

RMXTNXMJWTZ

RMXTNXMJSRJ

RMXTNXTNXMN

QMWMJWTNXMN

QMWMJSRZPQN

QMWTNXMJWTZ

QMWTNXTNXMN

QMWTNXTNXTZ

QMSQJWTNXMN

QMSQJSRZPQN

QMSQJSRZPRJ

QMSRZPQJWTZ

QMSRZPRZPRJ

TMPQJWTNXMN

TMPQJWTNXTZ

TMPQJSQJWMN

TMPRZPQJSRJ

TMPRZPRZPQN

Test items

RMXMJWMN

RMXMJSRJ

QMWMJSRJ

QMSQJWMN

QMSRZPQN

TMPQJSQN

RMXMJWTNXTN

RMXTNXMJWMN

QMWMJSRZPRJ

QMSQJWTNXTZ

TMPQJSQJSRJ

TMPRZPQJWMN

R_XMJWTZ

Q_WMJWTZ

Q_WTNXTZ

Q_SQJSRJ

T_PQJWTZ

T_PRZPRJ

R_XMJSRZPQN

Q_WMJWTNXTZ

Q_WTNXMJWMN

Q_SRZPRZPQN

T_PQJSRZPQN

T_PRZPQJWTZ

Grammar B3

Study items

QTPMZSMJ

QTPMZSTN

QTPMZWRZ

RTSMZSTN

RTSMZWRZ

RTWQZWRZ

RTSTJPTN

RTWQZSMJ

RTWRNXQJ

MTXQZSTN

MTXQZWQJ

MTXRNXRZ

QTPMZSTJPTN

QTPMZWRNXQJ

QTPTJPMZSMJ

QTPTJPMZSTN

QTPTJPTJPMJ

RTSTJPMZSMJ

RTSTJPMZSTN

RTWQZSTJPTN

RTWQZWRNXQJ

RTWRNXRNXQJ

RTSMZSTJPTN

RTSMZWRNXRZ

RTSTJPTJPMJ

RTWQZWRNXRZ

RTWRNXRNXRZ

MTXQZSTJPMJ

MTXQZWQZWRZ

MTXQZWRNXQJ

MTXRNXQZSMJ

MTXRNXQZSTN

Test items

QTPTJPMJ

RTSMZSMJ

RTSTJPMJ

RTWQZWQJ

MTXQZSMJ

MTXRNXQJ

QTPMZSTJPMJ

RTSMZSTJPMJ

RTSTJPTJPTN

RTWRNXQZSTN

MTXQZWQZSMJ

MTXRNXRNXQJ

Q_PMZWQJ

Q_PTJPTN

R_SMZWQJ

R_WQZSTN

R_WRNXRZ

M_XQZWRZ

Q_PMZSMZSTN

Q_PTJPMZWRZ

R_SMZWRNXQJ

R_WQZSTJPMJ

M_XQZSTJPTN

M_XRNXQZWRZ

APPENDIX B

Table B1.Summary of verbal reports in Experiment 1

No FeatureFeature

Characteristic Grammar Frequency Characteristic Grammar Frequency

MJA5M 1stA11

XA3Q 1stB3

ZSMB3T 1stB3

STJB2MA2

TNXA2PB2

WA2R 1stB2

WTNA2S 1stB2

ZWB2ZB2

QA*2J lastA2

MWA1JSA1

MXB1NA1

PTJB1SA1

QB1SJA1

QJA1SMB1

RNXB1TB1

RXA1WA1

RZA1XA1

SMB1JB*1

TJB1XB*1

TJPB1MB*1

ZB1X 1st*B1

ZSB1S 1st*A1

ZWRNB1RA*1

JB*1X 1-3A*1

MA*1Q 1-3A*1

MX*A1TA*1

PA*1angularB 1

PRZ*A1combinationsA1

RA*1difficultB1

SZM*B1easierA1

TJQ*B1repetitionB1

TRQ*A1warm, roundA1

ZA*1

1 x RA1

0 of 2x RB1

LongA1

ShortB1

RegularB1

RepetitionA1

Note. * = incorrect.
Table B2. Summary of verbal reports in Experiment 2 (with feature)

CharacteristicGrammarFrequency

MNA4

TNXA3

MA2

M 1stB2

M 2ndA2

QTPB2

RMXA2

RTSB2

T 1stA2

TMPA2

QB*2

J lastB1

JPB1

JWA1

MJ lastB1

MTB1

MTXB1

MZSTNB1

PB1

PQNA1

Q 1stA1

Q endA1

QMWA1

RMA1

RNXB1

RTB1

RTWB1

RZ lastB1

SB1

SMB1

SQNA1

TB1

T 2ndB1

TMPQA1

TPB1

WMNA1

ZWB1

MWJ*A1

N lastB*1

QSJ*A1

QTM*B1

QWZ*B1

RA*1

RTP*A1

RTX*B1

TA*1

TMP*B1

WMX*B1

Z lastA*1

End alphabetB1

Combinations of

W, Q,J B 1

Note. * = incorrect. _ = contains feature.