Genetics Study Guide

1. What type of experiments did Mendel perform, and on what type of organism?

2. What is the P generation, the F1 generation, and the F2 generation?

Provide an example of each.

3. What is the difference between a dominant allele and a recessive allele?

Which one can skip a generation?

4. How are heterozygous and homozygous different?

Provide an example of each.

5. What is the only way that a recessive trait can be expressed?

6. What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Provide and example of each.

7. What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?

Provide and example of each.

8. What is a sex linked trait?

9. When a chromosome does not play a role in determining sex, it is called what?

10. What does the genotype of a carrier look like?

Can males be carriers if the trait is sex linked? Explain why.

11. Draw in the following for a pedigree chart:

Female normal:

Female carrier:

Female with disorder:

Male normal:

Male with disorder:

12. How are generations and individuals numbered on a pedigree?

13. What do you cross to obtain the F2 generation?

14. Cross a colorblind female with a normal male.

15. Cross a carrier female with a colorblind male.

16. Brown hair is dominant over blond hair. A man with genotype Bb is crossed with a woman that has blond hair. What percentage of their offspring will have brown hair?

17. In rats, white fur (F) is dominant over black fur (f). Two heterozygous rats are crossed. What percentage of the F1 generation are homozygous?

18. White fur is recessive. If a rabbit that is heterozygous dominant for black fur is crossed with a rabbit that is of the homozygous recessive, what is the phenotypic ratio of the F1 generation?

19. If a true breeding elf with the genotype (GG) were crossed with a true breeding elf with genotype (gg), what would be the genotypic ratio of the F1 generation?

20. Using the cross form #19, what would be the genotypic ration of the F2 generation?

21. Hemophilia is a recessive sex linked trait. If a female with hemophilia were to be crossed with a normal male, would it be possible for them to produce a normal male?

22. If a female that carried a recessive allele for colorblindness (a sex linked trait) is crossed with a male that is normal, what chance is there that the offspring will not have the disease?

23. I crossing a heterozygous genotype with a homozygous dominant genotype, what is the chance of getting offspring with a heterozygous recessive genotype?

24. In ladybugs, heterozygous bugs have red backs with black spots, while homozygous bugs are either all black or all red. What cross could produce the highest percentage of spotted bugs?

25. In Japanese coy fish, heterozygous fish are yellow, while the homozygous fish are either white (FF) or orange (ff). When two yellow fish are crossed, what percentage of the offspring will be Orange?

26.

Blood
Type / Genotype

27. If a person with blood type AB, were crossed with a person who has heterozygous type A blood, what blood types are possible for their offspring?

28. If one parent has homozygous type A blood, and the other has heterozygous type B blood, what blood types are possible for their offspring?

29. What type of blood could the parent of a type O child not have?

30. What type of blood could the parent of a type AB child have?

31. What blood types can the following individuals receive for a transfusion?

Blood Type: / Can receive from:
A
B
AB
O

32. Why can't an individual with type O receive any type of blood other than O?

33. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring produced by crossing two individuals with type AB blood?

34. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring produced by crossing a person with type A and a person with type B blood? Both are heterozygous.

35. There has been a court battle raging between a mother and a "baby daddy". The potential father says that there is no way that he could be the father. Both individuals have type A blood.

a. What blood type could the child have that would prove that the man is NOT the father?

b. If the child had blood type O, what would the fathers genotype have to be?

c. If the child had type AB blood, could the man still be the possible father?