Name Gabriella
Genetics MODSIM Webquest
adapted from explorelearning.com
www.explorelearning.com
1. In the upper right hand corner, click on ENROLL IN A CLASS HERE
2. Create a NEW username and password
3. Class code SSJDD8FRXJ
4. Confirm you are entering the correct Shumate Biology Class
5. Type in your new information, click SUBMIT
You will be working with two gizmos today in class. Make sure you are working on the correct gizmo as you complete this assignment.
Launch the Mouse Genetics (one trait) Gizmo
Pre-Lab Vocabulary
1. Define phenotype- An organism’s physical appearance.
2. Define genotype- Letters that make up a gene
3. Allele- A letter that symbolizes a trait or gene
Part A- observing patterns of inheritance
1. On the Gizmo, drag a black mouse over the PARENT ONE label in the purple breeding cage at the top of the tree diagram. Then, drag a second black mouse over the PARENT TWO label.
a. what color offspring do you PREDICT to result from these parents?
All black
b. click BREED. Was your hypothesis correct?
Yes
c. click BREED 4 more times to generate additional litters from the same parents. Did
all the offspring have the same fur color?
Yes
2. Click CLEAR, draw two white parents to the breeding cage. Click BREED 4 more times and observe the outcome of the breeding.
a. what color offspring resulted from two white fur parents?
All white
3. Click CLEAR. Drag a white mouse and a black mouse into the breeding cage.
a. with a black fur and a white fur parent, what are possible colors for the offspring?
Black and White
b. click BREED. What did the offspring look like?
All black
c. Click BREED several more times, is there any change in the color of offspring?
No
d. Draw TWO of the offspring and place them into the HOLDING CAGES in the
bottom of the screen.
Part B- Predicting Genetic Crosses
On the upper right hand side of the screen, place a check next to SHOW GENOTYPE. In this example, the allele for black fur is F and the allele for white fur is f.
Drag a pure black mouse into Parent ONE and a pure white mouse into Parent TWO.
1. Move the cursor over the black mouse. What is the genotype of a pure black mouse? FF
2. Move the cursor over the white mouse. What is the genotype of a pure white mouse? ff
3. Usually one allele is dominant and the other is recessive. Click BREED. Which color fur appears to be dominant? EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER.
Black because it’s homozygous dominant
4. Explain which color fur appears to be recessive? EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER.
The white because its’ homozygous recessive
5. Move the cursor over one of the offspring to view its genotype. What is the genotype of an offspring with a black fur parent and a white fur parent? Ff
6. What allele did the mouse inherit from its black fur parent? Black fur
What allele did the mouse inherit from its white fur parent? A recessive gene
7. What is the phenotype of all the offspring? Black Fur
8. True or False. The parents have homozygous alleles.
9. True or False. Parents with a homozygous dominant trait and a homozygous recessive trait with produce offspring that are heterozygous.
10. Clear the breeding cage. Drag the two offspring in the holding cages into the Parent One and Parent Two cage.
a. move the cursor over the first parent.
What is the mouse’s genotype? Ff
What is the mouse’s phenotype? Black fur
b. move the cursor over the second parent.
What is the mouse’s genotype? Ff
What is the mouse’s phenotype? Black fur
c. What are the only two possible alleles these parents can pass on to their offspring?
Ff, ff
11. To model the possible allele combinations in the offspring, complete the Punnett Square below and cross the two parents to show all possible genotypes of their offspring:
12. Using the Punnett Square results from above, answer the following:
a. list all the possible genotypes the two parents can produce:
FF, Ff, ff
b. list all the possible phenotypes the two parents can produce:
Black Fur, White Fur
c. what percentage of the offspring will have black fur?
75%
d. what percentage of the offspring will have white fur?
25%
e. what percentage of the offspring will have a homozygous genotype?
50%
f. what percentage of the offspring will have a heterozygous genotype?
50%
13. Check the SHOW STATISTICS box in the left hand side of the screen. Click BREED and keep clicking until you have generated 100 offspring.
a. how many offspring had black fur? 73
b. how many offspring had white fur? 27
14. Drag a heterozygous black mouse into the HOLDING CAGE. Clear the rest of the breeding cage. Drag a PURE white mouse into PARENT ONE and drag the heterozygous mouse from the HOLDING CAGE into PARENT TWO. Create a Punnett Square for your two parents.
F f
f
f
a. what percentage will have black fur? 50%
b. what percentage will have white fur? 50%
c. click BREED until you have reached 100 offspring. How close were your results to the predicted percentages? (**hint to find percentage: [number / total] x 100**)
I was right because 50% are black and 50% are white
d. Explain why increasing the sample size will get you results closer to the predicted percentages?
If you added an extra 100 the results would still be the same
Conclusion
Scroll down pass the gizmo and answer the 5 question. Record your answers below:
1. d 2. b 3. a 4. d 5. d
Launch the Inheritance Gizmo
Part One-Asexual Reproduction (click on ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION at the top of the screen)
1. Create an alien by click on CREATE ALIEN. You may choose any characteristics you want. Please fill in the information you selected into the chart below, in the PARENT row.
2. Drag the parent over to the PARENT ONE space and press REPRODUCE. Fill in the OFFSPRING traits in the table above. What similarities in traits OR differences in traits are there between parent and offspring?
EVEVRYTHING WAS EXACTLY THE SAME WITH THE PARENT AND OFFSPRING SO IT WAS A CLONE
**because the offspring inherits its traits from only ONE parent in asexual reproduction, it is called a CLONE.**
Part Two- Sexual Reproduction (click on SEXUAL REPRODUCTION at the top of the screen)
1. In sexual reproduction, two parents will pass on their traits to their offspring. Offspring will inherit traits as a blend from the mother and father. With some knowledge of genetics, one can predict what the offspring will look like. Create the following parents and fill in the table for the offspring’s phenotypes. Make sure once you create the parent to drag them over, once you have both parents dragged over click REPRODUCE. Once you have recorded traits, make sure to exit both parents before moving on to the next cross.
Cross One:
Cross Two:
Cross Three
2. Looking at the above table, what traits do you think are passed down from alien parents to their offspring AND which trait is NOT passes down to offspring?
3. Traits that are inherited are traits passed down from one generation to the next. Traits that are acquired are traits that are NOT passed down.
a. list 2 examples from the above chart that are inherited traits:
b. list 1 example from the above chart that is an acquired trait:
4. Suppose a human child had a mother with dyed-pink hair and a father who was missing a finger (lost in an accident). Using your knowledge of inherited vs. acquired traits, explain in your own words why or why not the child would inherit dyed-pink hair and missing finger from the child’s parents?
5. Create offspring with a few different levels of FOOD SUPPLY (at the center bottom of gizmo). How does food supply affect the body type of the offspring?
Part Three- Co-dominant Traits
1. Create a green alien parent with a pink alien parent. What type of skin does the offspring alien have?
**When offspring show a mixture of parent traits, the traits are called co-dominant**
2. What do you think will happen when you breed two green and pink spotted aliens?
3. Follow the steps below and complete the chart.
a. create a green parent (with any other traits you decide) and drag them to Parent 1
b. create a pink parent (with any other traits you decide) and drag them to Parent 2
c. click REPRODUCE. Drag the offspring to the space below the NEST
d. click REPRODUCE again and drag the offspring to the space below the NEST
e. Drag the Green Parent and the Pink Parent to the Exit Hole
f. Drag one of the green and pink spotted offspring to Parent 1 and the other to
Parent 2
g. Click REPRODUCE and record what skin type the offspring has. Once you have
recorded the offspring color drag it to the Exit Hole. Click the REPRODUCE button again and record the skin color. Do this same procedure for 10 times and keep a tally of each skin color noted.
4. Looking at your results, what kind of skin type did most of the offspring have?
5. For a co-dominant trait, do the offspring of identical parents always look like their parents? EXPLAIN
Part 4: Dominant versus Recessive Traits
1. Test what happens when you cross an alien with straight antenna with an alien with a curly antenna. Create at least 5 offspring and explain what you notice about the offspring’s’ antenna shape.
2. Sometimes when two traits are combined, one is a dominant trait and the other is a recessive trait. If both traits are present, one the dominant trait is seen in the offspring.
Which trait is dominant, straight antenna or curly?______
Which trait is recessive, straight antenna or curly? ______
3. Using the same parents, save 2 of the offspring that have straight antenna and place them below the nest. Exit the parents and now reproduce the 2 offspring with straight antenna you saved. Reproduce them 10 times and record their information below:
4. Using the information you collected in the table above, answer the following:
a. which trait showed up the most?
b. which trait showed up the least?
c. which trait is the dominant trait?
d. which trait is the recessive trait?
e. both parents started with straight traits, explain in your own words how two
straight antenna parents can give rise to a curly antenna offspring.
5. Cystic Fibrosis is a deadly disease of the lungs and digestive system. It is a recessive trait. How can two healthy parents have a child with cystic fibrosis?
Vocabulary- using what you have learned define the following vocabulary words:
1. Define trait-
2. Dominant trait-
3. Recessive trait-
4. Asexual reproduction-
5. Sexual reproduction-
6. co-dominant-
7. clone-
Conclusion
Scroll down pass the gizmo and answer the 5 question. Record your answers below:
1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4._____ 5._____