Integumentary System

Functions of the Integumentary System

 Protects the ______-

 Helps dispose of waste materials

 Acts as a ______- for touch, pressure, pain,

 Temperature______

 Stores water______, ______and ______.

Layers/Regions of The Skins

 Epidermis: Most ______

 Dermis: ______, Leathery ______; Only Part Vascularized

 Subcutaneous(Hypodermis): ______; Mostly ______(Insulate & Absorb Shock); Anchors Skin to Underlying Structures

Epidermis

 Epidermis: Most Superficial

 Dermis: Tough, Leathery Fibrous Connective Tissue; Only Part Vascularized

 Subcutaneous(Hypodermis): Superficial Fascia; Mostly Fat (Insulate & Absorb Shock); Anchors Skin to Underlying Structures

Dermis

This is the thick inner layer of skin Contains:

  1. ______- When blood vessels constrict heat is retained by the body when blood vessels dilate heat is lost by the body

2. nerve fibers- ______

3. Oil glands, & Sweat glands

4.Melanin

5. Hair roots

Contains:

Sebaceous glands

 keeps the hair follicles pliable , secrete oil to keep skin and hair soft and moist

Sebaceous/Oil Glands

 Location: all over the body except for ______of feet

 Secretion: sebum, oily substance

 Function: smooth & soften hair and skin; slows ______during dry weather

Sudoriferous Glands

 Sweat Glands: ______per person

 Cover entire skin surface except for
nipples and parts of external genitalia

ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS

 ______

 Location: palms, soles of feet, forehead

 Secretion: sweat (______, salts, nitrogenous wastes)

 Acidic pH 4 – 6

 Purpose: ______

 Emotion induced sweating: no control

APOCRINE SWEAT GLANDS

 Location: ______

 Size: larger than eccrine glands

 Secretions: same as eccrine PLUS fatty deposits & protein

 Foul odor  when fats & proteins decompose

 Begin to function at puberty

Accessory Organs of the Skin

Hair, Nails

Nails

 Keratinized/______

 Grows under the ______(white portion) of nailbed

 Cells replace if nailbed is OK

 Hair: pili; made of keratin

 Shaft: projects from the skin

 Root: embedded in the skin; shape determines whether hair is straight or curly

 Pigment depends on ______located in the follicle

 Hair – Is everywhere on the body except

______

 Hair color is determined by the concentration of ______

MEDICAL TERMINOLGY

 CUT- ______

 ______- skin

 EPI- ______

 ______- fat

 MELAN-______

 ______- blue

 ONYCH-______-

 ______—sweat

 HIDR- ______

 ______-inflammation

 SEB- ______

Macules

A macule is a flat discoloration that has a ______. It can be brown, blue, red, or lighter than the surrounding skin

Papules –

Skin Cancer

 Most common type of cancer and accounts for half of all new cancers in the western population.

 Melanoma—______

 Basal Cell- Carcinoma lowest level cells become cancerous

 Squamous Cell—type arising in squamous cell

Skin Cancer

 Skin Cancer is the single ______. One in five Americans develop skin cancer at some point in their life. The cause of most skin cancer is not known, but the most important risk factor is overexposure to ultraviolet radiation in sunlight.

Types of Skin Cancer

 Skin Cancer

 The two most common kinds of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma

Burns

FIRST DEGREE

 Redness, tenderness

 ______

SECOND DEGREE

 Into Dermis, ______

THIRD DEGREE

______, often into the muscle

RULES of Nines

 Way to figure the extent of a burn. The greater the area, the more problems you can anticipate

Problems include:

 respiratory difficulty

 infection

 temperature regulation

 fluid balance

Abnormal Skin Colors

 CYANOSIS- ______

 JAUNDICE- Yellow Skin color due to ______

 ALBINO- Absence of all ______-

 ERYTHEMA- ______

 color of skin