2
"Thumbelina"
from Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book
A KISS Grammar Workbook
A Fourth Grade Grammar Review
© Dr. Ed Vavra
May 13, 2005
Introduction 4
Exercises 4
Prepositional Phrases -- Some Advanced Exercises 4
An Advanced Exercise in Prepositional Phrases 5
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 6
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 7
Embedded Prepositional Phrases -- Exercise # 1 8
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 9
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 10
Embedded Prepositional Phrases: Exercise # 2 12
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 13
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 14
The "For" Problem 16
The "For" Problem - Ex # 1 17
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 18
The "For" Problem - Ex # 2 19
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 20
Subject / Verb / Complement Patterns 21
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 1 22
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 23
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 2 24
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 25
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 3 26
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 27
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 4 28
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 29
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 5 30
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 31
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 6 32
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 33
Subjects / Finite Verbs / Complements -- Ex # 7 34
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 35
Distinguishing Finite Verbs from Verbals 36
Distinguishing Finite Verbs from Verbals -- Ex # 1 37
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 38
Distinguishing Finite Verbs from Verbals -- Ex # 2 39
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 40
Distinguishing Finite Verbs from Verbals -- Ex # 3 41
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 42
Identifying the S/V/C Patterns in Subordinate Clauses 43
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence - Ex #1 44
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 45
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence -- Ex # 2 46
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 47
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence -- Ex # 3 48
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 49
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence -- Ex # 4 50
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 51
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence -- Ex # 5 52
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 53
Multiple S/V/C Patterns in one Sentence -- Ex # 6 54
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 55
Direct Object? Or Interjection? -- Ex # 7 56
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 57
How Much Can I Explain? 58
How Much Can I Explain? -- Ex # 1 59
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 60
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 62
An Exercise in Punctuation 63
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 65
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 66
A Sentence-Combining Exercise 67
How Much Can I Explain? -- Ex #3 68
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 69
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses +) 70
How Much Can I Explain? -- Ex # 4 72
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 73
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 74
Direct Address, Interjections, & Nouns Used as Adverbs 75
Examples of Direct Address in "Thumbelina" 76
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 77
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 78
Interjections in "Thumbelina" 80
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 81
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 82
Nouns Used as Adverbs in "Thumbelina" Ex # 1 83
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 84
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 84
Nouns Used as Adverbs in "Thumbelina" Ex # 2 85
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 86
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 87
Nouns Used as Adverbs in "Thumbelina" Ex # 3 89
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns) 90
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) + 91
Thumbelina 92
An Exercise in Literary Analysis 101
Additional Writing Exercises 101
Analyzing My Own Writing 102
Introduction
Linear, printable books have advantages, but they also have disadvantages. The "KISS Difference" is that it approaches grammar by analyzing real texts – with the assumption that students should be able to explain any word in any sentence. On the KISS web site, the "Analysis Keys" include links to various instructional material and background essays, links that cannot be included in a paper version of the exercises. Since these exercises were created for the web, and copied to this book, I have retained most of the links, even thought they will not work. This should enable you, if you wish, to go to the web site and follow the link.
This book is a printable version of the exercises on "Thumbelina," from Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book. (On-line, these exercises can be found in Grade Four, April 26, in the Resource Books.) Because this is just one of several KISS Level Two printable workbooks, the instructional and other material that you may need to use it effectively are not included. At a minimum, you will need the KISS Instructional Material for Levels One and Two, and the KISS "Codes and Color Key." They are available on the KISS web site.
Whereas some parents and teachers will prefer to do only one or two grammar exercises in relation to any literary work, others may prefer to stay with the same work and look at it more intensely. Obviously you may use only one or two of these exercises, but I have tried here to develop a series of review exercises for everything that fourth graders might have studied within the KISS framework. Thus I have made this as a separate "Review" book in the sequential KISS workbooks.
Adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases appear in almost every passage, and obviously any construction can appear in any passage, but the following selections have been made in order to include at least some of the designated constructions. Remember that ideally fourth graders should be working at KISS Level Two. To save paper, only Level Three answer keys have been provided for some of the simpler exercises. These include, of course, everything that you will need for Level Two, but the simple clause structures and occasional additional constructions have been explained within those keys. For passages that are more complex, separate analysis keys for levels three + are provided for teachers and parents to help answer any advanced questions that you or your students may have.
Any passage, of course, can be used as an exercise for any level of KISS analysis. Many of these selections include "so" and "for" as conjunctions. If you plan to use them for studying clause structure, you will probably save some time if you study the discussion of "so" and "for" first.
Exercises
Prepositional Phrases -- Some Advanced Exercises
In a KISS Level Two workbook, prepositional phrases are not a major focus, but students may find the following sentences from "Thumbelina" to be interesting and challenging.
An Advanced Exercise in Prepositional Phrases
[from "Thumbelina," in Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book]
1. There the mouse lived warm and snug, with a store-room full of corn, a splendid kitchen and dining-room.
2. Yes! he was a different kind of husband to the son of the toad and the mole with the black-velvet coat.
3. You can sit on my back, and we will fly far away from the ugly mole and his dark house, over the mountains, to the warm countries where the sun shines more brightly than here, where it is always summer, and there are always beautiful flowers.
An Advanced Exercise in Prepositional Phrases
[from "Thumbelina," in Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book]
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns)
1. There the mouse lived warm and snug, {with a store-room} [Adv. to "lived"] full {of corn} [Adv. to "full"], {*and with* a splendid kitchen and dining-room} [Adv. to "lived"].
2. Yes! [Inj] he was a different kind (PN) {of husband} [Adj. to "kind"] {to [#1] the son} {of the toad} and {*to* the mole} {with the black-velvet coat}.
3. You can sit {on my back} [Adv. to "can sit"], and we will fly far away {from the ugly mole and his dark house} [#2], {over the mountains} [Adv. to "will fly"], {to the warm countries} [Adv. to "will fly"] where the sun shines more brightly {than here} [#3], where it is always summer (PN), and there [#4] are always beautiful flowers (PN).
Notes
1. First of all, most people today would probably use "than" or "from" here instead of "to," since the toad and mole are being compared here to the Little Prince. Both "to" phrases modify "different." "Of the toad" functions as an adjective to "son," and "with the black-velvet coat" modifies "mole."
2. Note how this "from" phrase can be explained as modifying "away," "far," and/or the "will fly." Ultimately, of course, these technically different explanations do not make much difference because "far" and "away" both modify "will fly."
3. Some grammarians still probably insist that "than" should be considered a subordinate conjunction here (in an ellipsed clause -- "than *it does* here"). See "Sliding Constructions."
4. See also "Expletives."
An Advanced Exercise in Prepositional Phrases
[from "Thumbelina," in Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book]
Analysis Key through KISS Level Three (Clauses) +
1. There the mouse lived warm and snug [#1], {with a store-room} full [#2] {of corn}, {*and with* a splendid kitchen and dining-room}. /
2. Yes! [Inj] he was a different kind (PN) {of husband} {to the son} {of the toad} and {*to* the mole} {with the black-velvet coat}. /
3. You can sit {on my back}, / and we will fly far away {from the ugly mole and his dark house}, {over the mountains}, {to the warm countries} [Adj. to "countries" where the sun shines more brightly {than here}], [Adj. to "countries" where it is always summer (PN)], and [Adj. to "countries" *where* there are always beautiful flowers (PN)]. /
Notes
1. It would be very difficult, if even possible, to find an explanation for "warm" and "snug" in most grammar textbooks. In form, they are adjectives, but they clearly express how the mouse lived. Thus they function as adverbs to "lived." Within KISS, one can easily explain this as a palimpsest pattern, with "The mouse lived" overlaid on "The mouse was warn and snug."
2. "Full" is a post-positioned adjective, a reduction of "store-room *which was* full."
Embedded Prepositional Phrases -- Exercise # 1
Thumbelina Helps the Swallow
[from "Thumbelina," in Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book]
Thumbelina trembled, she was so frightened; for the bird was very large in comparison with herself -- only an inch high. But she took courage, piled up the down more closely over the poor swallow, fetched her own coverlid and laid it over his head.
Next night she crept out again to him. There he was alive, but very weak; he could only open his eyes for a moment and look at Thumbelina, who was standing in front of him with a piece of rotten wood in her hand, for she had no other lantern.
'Thank you, pretty little child!' said the swallow to her. 'I am so beautifully warm! Soon I shall regain my strength, and then I shall be able to fly out again into the warm sunshine.'
'Oh!' she said, 'it is very cold outside; it is snowing and freezing! stay in your warm bed; I will take care of you!'
Thumbelina Helps the Swallow
[from "Thumbelina," in Andrew Lang's The Yellow Fairy Book]
Analysis Key through KISS Level Two (S/V/C Patterns)
Thumbelina trembled, she was so frightened; for the bird was very large (PA) {in comparison} {with herself} -- only an inch high. But she took courage (DO), piled up the down (DO) [#1] more closely {over the poor swallow}, fetched her own coverlid (DO) and laid it (DO) {over his head}.
Next night [NuA] she crept out again {to him}. There he was alive (PA), but very weak (PA); he could only open his eyes (DO) {for a moment} and look {at Thumbelina}, who was standing {in front} {of him} {with a piece} {of rotten wood} {in her hand}, for she had no other lantern (DO).
'*I* Thank you (DO), pretty little child [DirA]!' said the swallow {to her}. 'I am so beautifully warm (PA)! Soon I shall regain my strength (DO), and then I shall be able (PA) to fly out again {into the warm sunshine}.'
'Oh! [Inj]' she said, 'it is very cold (PA) outside; it is snowing and freezing! *You* stay {in your warm bed}; I will take care (DO) [#2] {of you}!'