First Semester Final Exam Study Guide

  1. (1.1)What practice lead early American societies to form permanent settlements?

Farming

  1. (1.2)The League of ______created a pact between warring nations in the eastern woodlands.

Iroquois

  1. (1.3)The Muslim world linked Asia to Africa and Europe through ______.

Trade

  1. (1.4)He began the protestant reformation by leading his follower in rebellion against the practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Martin Luther

  1. (1.4)Greece and Rome shaped ideas about ______government.

Democratic

  1. (pg.25)A system where citizens elect representatives who are responsible to the people-

Republic

  1. (2.1)______,was seeking a trade route to Asia, reached the West Indies in 1492.

Christopher Columbus

  1. (2.1)The transfer of products, people, and ideas between Europe and the Americas is called what?

Columbian Exchange

  1. (2.2)Spanish ______conquered Native American civilizations in the Americas.

Conquistadors

  1. (2.3)Many European explorers sought the ______in North America connecting to the Pacific Ocean.

Northwest Passage

  1. (2.4)Colonists in New France established a profitable ______trade with the Native Americans.

Fur

  1. (3.1)The first permanent English colony in North America was ______founded in 1607.

Jamestown

  1. (3.1)English pilgrims seeking religious freedom founded the ______colony.

Plymouth

  1. (3.2)People unhappy with Puritan religious intolerance founded ______, ______and ______.

Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire

  1. (3.3)Pennsylvania was founded in 1681 by Quaker, ______.

William Penn

  1. (3.4)Large plantations would have been located in one of the following colonial groupings:

Southern

  1. (4.1)The Magna Carta written in 1215 and the English Bill of Rights written in 1688 did what?

Guaranteed the rights of English citizens & Limited the powers of government

  1. (4.1)The trial of John Peter Zenger helped establish the idea of freedom of ______.

The Press

  1. (4.1)England passed the ______to regulate colonial trade.

Navigation Acts

  1. (4.3)The plantation economy of the south became dependent on ______labor.

Slave

  1. (4.3)The voyage from Africa to the West Indies and North America that millions of slaves endured.

Middle Passage

  1. (4.4)Wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac, started the Pennsylvania Gazette newspaper, made discoveries about electricity, invented items such as bifocals, and became an influential diplomatic to France.

Ben Franklin

  1. (5.1)The French and Indian War resulted from conflicts in the ______.

Ohio River Valley

  1. (5.2)After the French and Indian War the British passed the ______to help pay for the costs of war, it was the first British tax on the colonists.

Sugar Act

  1. (pg.488)Sam Adams and other patriots used the Boston Massacre as a form of ______to rally support for independence.

Propaganda

  1. (5.2)Well known Massachusetts lawyer that defended the British soldiers at the Boston Massacre.

John Adams

  1. (5.2)In response to the British taxes colonists most often did what?

Boycott

  1. (5.3)What event occurred in December of 1773 after Parliament passed the Tea Act?

Boston Tea Party

  1. (5.4)Colonists who favored independence from Britain were called ______.

Patriots

  1. (6.1)The colonies officially became known as the United States after ______.

The signing of the Declaration of Independence

  1. (5.4)The shot heard ‘round the world was fired at what Massachusetts town?

Lexington

  1. (5.4)The Second Continental Congress named this person to be commander of the Continental Army.

George Washington

  1. (5.4)What was the first major battle of the revolutionary war was called? Even though it wasn’t really fought there.

The Battle of Bunker Hill

  1. (6.1)The Primary Author of the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson

  1. (6.1) ______wrote the pamphlet Common Sense to encourage Americans to support independence from Britain.

Thomas Paine

  1. (6.1)This used Enlightenment ideas and careful logic to show why Americans wanted to be free of British rule.

The Declaration of Independence

  1. (6.2)What major Revolutionary War battle was considered the turning point in the war?

The Battle of Saratoga

  1. (6.2)Spain and what other European power offered military support to the United States?

France

  1. (6.4)American military leader whose name has become synonymous with the term traitor.

Benedict Arnold

  1. (6.4)The British surrender at ______marked end of fighting in the Revolutionary War.

Yorktown

  1. (7.1)The ______was the first national constitution, it granted the central government very limited powers.

Articles of Confederation

  1. (7.1)A set of written laws-

Constitution

  1. (7.1)______revealed to the nation that a new form of government was necessary because the current government could not protect against popular unrest.

Shays’ Rebellion

  1. (7.2)After much debate at the Constitutional Convention ______set up a Congress with 2 houses that pleased both the large and small states.

The Great Compromise

  1. (7.3)______believed that 3 competing branches of government would keep any part of the federal government from becoming too powerful.

Federalists

  1. (7.3)______were concerned that a strong central government threatened states’ rights and individual freedoms.

Anti-federalists

  1. (7.3)These were added to the constitution to protect the people against abuses by the federal government.

The Bill of Rights

  1. (pg.286)A tax on imported goods-

Tariff

  1. Replacement of an existing government through unconventional means. Hint: The one that we know best involving the Colonists and British is known as the “American ______”

Revolution

  1. (pg. HT2)A historic document as it was originally written-

Primary Source