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Momentum and Impulse
The amount of force needed to change the motion of a moving object depends on the and of the object. The momentum of a body is the product of the body’s ______and ______. Momentum is a(n) quantity. Its direction is the direction of the velocity. The equation used to calculate momentum is __=_____. In this equation, p stands for , m stands for , and v stands for . The unit for momentum is the ____. The product of the applied to an object and the over which it acts is called the impulse. The direction of the impulse is the direction of the force that is applied. The unit for impulse is the . The impulse given to an object is equal to the change in the object’s . The equality is the theorem. It is also another statement of Newton’s law of motion.
Newton’s Third Law and Momentum
If one object collides with another, the momentum of each object . The first object exerts a(n) on the second object, and the second object exerts a(n) of magnitude and direction on the first object. If objects neither leave nor enter a system, the system described as . If no external forces act on a system, the system is described as . When there is a collision within such a system, the net change in momentum is . The total momentum before the collision is the total momentum after the collision.
Law of Conservation of Momentum
In a closed, isolated system, the momentum is . This statement is the law of . When two objects within the system collide, the magnitude of the momentum lost by one of the objects is to the momentum gained by the other object. Momentum can be from one object in the to another.
Internal and External Forces
Internal forces act between objects in system. External forces are exerted by objects the system. The total momentum of a system is conserved only when there are no forces acting on the system.
Conservation of Momentum in Two Dimensions
The law of conservation of momentum does not depend on the in which objects move before and after colliding. The momentum of two objects in a system can be represented by two , which can be resolved into vertical and horizontal ______. After all vectors are added, the final sum must equal the momentum of the system.