Exam Review – Galaxies Collide –

The Beginning – Space Evolution Notes:

  1. What is electromagnetic radiation?
  2. What is everything in the universe made of?
  3. Matter is made of?
  4. What are atoms made of?
  5. What are quarks?
  6. What is gravity?
  7. How are mass and gravitational force related?
  8. What is Hubble’s Law?
  9. What did Edwin Hubble contribute about our universe (what discovery is he credited for)?
  10. What is redshift?
  11. What were the first two elements created in our universe?
  12. What is gravitational lensing?

Newton’s Laws Notes:

  1. What are Newton’s 3 laws of motion?
  2. What is inertia?
  3. What is the difference between mass and weight?
  4. What Law did we focus on in our lab? Give me some examples.

Galaxies Collide & Galaxies Colliding Notes:

  1. Definition of a Galaxy
  2. What makes up most of a galaxy’s mass?
  3. What is found at the center of most galactic nucleus’s in a galaxy?
  4. How can you detect dark matter?
  5. Definition of a Local Group
  6. Definition of a cluster
  7. Definition of a supercluster
  8. What is the Edwin Hubble Galaxy Classification Scheme?
  9. How are galaxies classified?
  10. What are the three types of galaxy classifications?
  11. How do spiral galaxies get their names?
  12. Describe the characteristics of spiral galaxies:
  13. Explain what the parts of a spiral galaxy would look like.
  14. Galactic halo
  15. Galactic disk
  16. Central bulge
  17. Spiral Arms
  18. In a spiral galaxy where are the old stars found? Where are the young stars found?
  19. Difference between an ordinary and barred spiral galaxy
  20. How are spiral galaxies different – what determines their classification based on Hubble Scheme?
  21. Be able to explain the differences between for example, Sa and Sc spiral galaxies; SBa and SBc galaxies; and Sa vs SBa galaxies
  22. Be able to identify a spiral galaxy photo as a spiral galaxy.
  23. What are elliptical galaxies shaped like?
  24. What are elliptical galaxies mostly made of?
  25. How are elliptical galaxies classified in the Hubble Scheme? Know how to describe the difference between an E0 and E7 elliptical galaxy.
  26. Be able to identify an elliptical galaxy photo
  27. What are irregular galaxies?
  28. Why would a galaxy be classified as an irregular?
  29. Why are some galaxies irregular? What caused this?
  30. Be able to identify an irregular galaxy
  31. What are the most common galaxies? What are the least common galaxies?
  32. What is the name of our own galaxy?
  33. What type of classification does our galaxy have?
  34. About how old is our galaxy?
  35. Where is Earth/Sun located in our galaxy?
  36. What is the name of our black hole?
  37. If galaxies were to collide – would their stars? Why?
  38. What is actually colliding when galaxies collide?
  39. Describe a galactic merger
  40. Describe galactic cannibalism
  41. What galaxy will our galaxy collide with in a few billion years?
  42. When do they predict we will make our collision with the other galaxy?
  43. What would be the new name of our two galaxies after they have collided?
  44. What galaxy classification will we then have after our merger?
  45. What is redshift?
  46. The farther a galaxy is away from Earth, the faster it is traveling. This describes the…
  47. What are radio telescopes?
  48. What are active galaxies?
  49. What are radio galaxies?
  50. What are quasars? Know that they are the brightest object in the universe
  1. Why don’t galaxies fly apart? (movie question)
  1. What force pushes galaxies apart? (movie question)

Black Holes:

  1. What is a black hole?
  2. How are black holes created?
  3. What is at the center of all black holes?
  4. What is the event horizon?
  5. What is the Schwarzchild Radius?
  6. What is spaghettification? Be able to explain this effect…
  7. Where does the power of black holes come from? (video)
  8. What would happen to us if a black hole crossed the path of our solar system?
  9. Every time scientists see a Gamma Ray Burst – what is that telling them? (Therefore the # of gamma ray bursts = the # of ______)

Short Answer / Long Answer Question:

  1. It is said that black holes are critical to the evolution of our universe (big bang) and galaxies are the life blood of our universe. Explain this with everything you have learned from this unit (notes, movies and discussions) (Longer answer)
  1. If our galaxy collided with another galaxy how could this affect Earth – know more than one answer? (Shorter Answer)
  1. It is said that “we live in the Goldilocks Zone of our galaxy”. Explain this reasoning.(Shorter Answer)
  1. Explain why quasars happen, do they always happen, when, and if they don’t always happen why not? (notes, and movie)(Shorter Answer)