End-of-chapter test
Chapter 1 Foundation
1 Tick the non-contact forces (the forces that act at a distance) in the list below.
Name of force / Non-contact forcefriction
gravity
magnetism
upthrust
(2 marks)
2 a On the diagram below label one arrow ‘weight’ and the other arrow ‘reaction’.
(2 marks)
b Fill in the missing words below.
When you sit on a chair you it.
The chair changes slightly and pushes you up.
When you stretch a spring the force that pulls back is called the . Springs that stretch in a regular way obey law. (4 marks)
3 Circle the correct word or words in each pair below.
You measure forces with a newtonmeter/ruler.
Friction is a force that acts between two surfaces that are in contact/not in contact.
You can reduce the friction between two solid surfaces by using streamlining/lubrication.
Friction acts in a direction that is thesameas/oppositeto the direction of motion of the object. (4 marks)
4 Charlie is investigating friction using a ramp and a block of wood.
He puts different types of surfaces on the ramp. He lifts the ramp until the block of wood starts to move.
Here are his results:
Surface / Height he needs to lift the ramp (cm)wood / 15
paper / 17
sandpaper / 20
carpet / 25
a State which surface provides the biggest force of friction on the block.
(1 mark)
b Explain why you have chosen that surface.
(1 mark)
c State the type of graph or chart that Charlie can draw using these results.
(1 mark)
d The independent variable is the variable that you change each time. State the independent variable.
(1 mark)
e A control variable is a variable that you have to keep the same to make it a fair test.
Name a control variable.
(1 mark)
f State one reason why Charlie should repeat his experiment.
(1 mark)
5 Complete the passage by writing mass or weight in each of the gaps.
is a measured in kilograms (kg)
The unit for is the newton (N)
An object’s can change by raising the object above the planet or by taking it to another planet. (3 marks)
6 A boat is floating on the water.
One of the forces acting on the boat is the weight. This is the force of the Earth on the boat.
a State the other force in this interaction pair.
(1 mark)
Another interaction pair involves the water and the boat. The interaction pair is:
The force of the water on the boat.
The force of the boat on the water.
b State which of these two forces is usually called upthrust.
(1 mark)
c State whether the forces on the boat are balanced or unbalanced.
(1 mark)
7 A cyclist is taking part in the Tour de France, which is a bicycle race that takes place every year.
a Two forces acting on the cyclist are weight and reaction. Name two other forces acting on him as he cycles along.
(2 marks)
b The cyclist travels at a steady speed on a flat stretch of road. State whether the forces on the cyclist are balanced or unbalanced.
(1 mark)
c State and explain what would happen if he pedals harder.
(2 marks)
d State the name of the force acting on him as he goes around a corner at a steady speed.
(1 mark)
8 A book is resting on a table. Explain in terms of particles and bonds why the book does not move despite a force acting downwards on the book.
(3 marks)
9 Explain why diving birds tuck their wings into their bodies when they dive into water to catch fish.
(3 marks)
10 Leanne wanted to investigate the strength of a bridge. She made a model bridge using a piece of cardboard supported between two piles of books. She put weights on the bridge.
Suggest a scientific question that she could answer using this equipment.
Write a plan for an investigation to collect data to answer the question. (6 marks)
In this question you get marks for how well your answer is written.
You will get marks for:
§ spelling
§ grammar
§ organising your ideas and information clearly
§ using key scientific words.
11 Matteo is investigating parachutes. He makes some parachutes out of paper, attaches a small mass, and times how long they take to hit the ground.
Here are his results:
area = 20 cm2 time = 1.5 seconds
area = 40 cm2 time = 2.2 seconds
area = 60 cm2 time = 4.2 seconds
area = 80 cm2 time = 3.6 seconds
area = 100 cm2 time = 4.1 seconds
a Complete the table below and put Matteo’s results in the table. (3 marks)
Matteo notices that one of the results does not seem to fit.
b i State the name of a result that does not fit.
(1 mark)
b ii State what Matteo should do about this result.
(1 mark)
c State the type of graph that Matteo can draw with these results.
(1 mark)
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