Electronic Supplementary Material:

- Figure S1. MEDLINE search strategy.

- Table S1. Quality assessment of studies included in the meta-analysis.

- Figure S2. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between between the effect of exercise training in hypoxia versus normoxia on skeletal muscle capillarization.

- Figure S3. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the effect of exercise training in hypoxia versus normoxia on vascular dilator function.

- Figure S4. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the effect of exercise training in hypoxia versus normoxia on arterial stiffness.

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Figure S1. MEDLINE search strategy (Filters activated: “Humans”)

(“hypox*” [All Fields] OR “altitude” [All Fields]) AND “exercise training” [All Fields]
AND
“vascular” [All Fields] OR “arterial” [All Fields] OR “cardi*” [All Fields]

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Table S1. Quality assessment of studies included in the meta-analysis[1]

Study,
year of publication / Random allocation / Allocation concealed / Baseline similarity / Subject blinding / Therapist blinding / Assessor blinding / Adequate follow-up / ITT analysis / Between-group comparison / Point measures & variability
Desplanches et al [2], 2014 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Kon et al [3], 2014 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1
Kong et al [4], 2014 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1
Schreuder et al [5], 2014 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Shi et al [6], 2014 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Shi et al [7], 2013 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Nishiwaki et al [8], 2011 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Park et al A [9], 2010 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Park et al B [9], 2010 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Wang et al A [10], 2010 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Wang et al B [10], 2010 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Geiser et al A [11], 2001 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Geiser et al B [11], 2001 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Masuda et al [12], 2001 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Messonnier et al [13], 2001 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Vogt et al A [14], 2001 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Vogt et al B [14], 2001 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Melissa et al [15], 1997 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Desplanches et al [16], 1996 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Terrados et al [17], 1990 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1
Terrados et al [18], 1988 / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1

1 = yes (scored); 0 = no. ITT, intention-to-treat analysis

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Figure S2. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the effect of exercise training performed in hypoxia versus normoxia on skeletal muscle capillarization

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Figure S3. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the effect of exercise training performed in hypoxia versus normoxia on vascular dilator function

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Figure S4. Funnel plot of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the effect of exercise training performed in hypoxia versus normoxia on arterial stiffness

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