ELA Unit 2 Study Guide

  • Name the structural elements of the following types of texts:
  • Poetry:
  • verses
  • stanzas
  • may have rhyming words
  • Drama:
  • Cast of characters, acts and scenes
  • Stage directions, dialogue
  • Written to be performed
  • Prose:
  • sentences
  • Paragraphs
  • Sometimes dialogue
  • Figurative language: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • Simile compares two things using the words like or as.
  • Metaphor compares two things NOT using the words like or as.
  • Personification gives human qualities to non-human objects.
  • What is Theme: See your ELA Notebook for more information

The message, moral, or central message of a story, poem, or drama.

  • Describe the types of informational texts:
  • Historical: gives information aboutthe past; you may see dates and events in chronological order
  • Scientific: gives information about something in science (weather, plants, animals, force and motion, etc.); you may see causeand effect, sequentialorder (experiments), compare andcontrast, description
  • Technical: gives information about how to do something or how something works(directions, instructions, step-by-step); uses sequentialorder
  • Synonyms and antonyms:
  • Synonyms mean the same
  • Antonyms mean the opposite
  • Prefix anti- means against
  • Write two words using the prefix anti- (anti-itch, anti-inflammatory)
  • Main Idea and Details: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • The main idea is the “big idea” of the passage.
  • Details support the main idea like the rooms of a house
  • Common Homophones: See your ELA Notebook for more information

  • Your = that belongs to you
  • You’re = you are
  • Its = belongs to it
  • It’s = it is
  • To = go to the door
  • Two = number 2
  • Too = also
  • There = over there
  • They’re = they are
  • Their = belongs to them

  • Prepositional Phrases: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • Prepositional phrases contain the prepositionand the object and modifiers. Example: The cat ran up the tree. The prepositional phrase is “up the tree.” The preposition is “up.” The object of the prepositional phrases is “tree.”
  • Text Structures: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • Compare and Contrast
  • Compare = how things are the same
  • Contrast = how things are different
  • Cause and Effect
  • Cause: what made something happen
  • Effect: what happened because of the cause
  • Problem and Solution
  • Problem: The conflict in the story that must be solved
  • Solution: How the conflict is solved
  • Chronological or Sequence Order
  • Chronological order: writing based on what happens in time order
  • Sequence order: writing based on what happens in step order.
  • Point of view: Who is telling the story? See your ELA Notebook for more information.
  • Key words for first person: I, we, me, my
  • Key words for second person: you
  • Key words for third person: he, she, they, her, him
  • Relative pronouns: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • Examples: who, whose, whom, which, that
  • Relative pronouns link two pronouns into one complete thought.
  • Progressive Tense Verbs: See your ELA Notebook for more information
  • Progressive tense verbs show ongoing action and are accompanied by a helping verb. They end in –ing.
  • Past progressive: He was watching the movie.
  • Present progressive: He is watching the movie.
  • Future progressive: He will be watching the movie.