Edited by Andreas Schumann & Markus Pahlow

Reducing the Vulnerability of Societies to Water Related
Risks at the Basin Scale

IAHS Publ. 317 (2007) ISBN 978-1-901502-29-9, 450 + xiv pp. Price £78.00

The International Commission on Water Resources Systems (ICWRS) of IAHS has, for many years, embraced Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) as the main topic for its research agenda. The need for integrated approaches to deal with complex water resources management issues in both the developed and developing world is well recognised, yet, in many places, IWRM is still only a concept and not established practice. This volume, comprised of peer-reviewed papers selected from the Third International Symposium on IWRM (September 2006, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany), accounts for the heterogeneity of world water problems by addressing the following important questions: What has to be integrated? How can it be accomplished? What are the options to balance the different views? This symposium strived to not only identify problems, but to provide practical solutions. The subject of how to cope with water-related vulnerability of societies formed the overarching theme. Together, the papers provide an excellent overview of current IWRM research worldwide. /
Abstracts of the papers in this volume can be seen at:
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Contents

Preface by Andreas Schumann & Markus Pahlow

/ iii
Introductory Papers
Water: a global contest Alessandro Palmieri
From traditional to sustainable water management: new approaches and tools Ezio Todini
1 /

River Basin Interdependencies

Hydrological interdependencies of irrigation systems and river catchments
Maurits Ertsen, Daniel Prieto & Nick Van De Giesen / 3
Integrated river basin management in the catchment area of the Ruhr River
Harro Bode & Michael Weyand / 9
Moisture recycling over the Nile basin Y. A. Mohamed, B. J. J. M. van den Hurk & H. H. G. Savenije / 18
Integrated water resources management in the Murray-Darling Basin: increasing demands on decreasing supplies Albert Van Dijk, Geoff Podger & Mac Kirby / 24
Where has the Yellow River water gone? Hong Yang & Shaofeng Jia / 31

2 Hydro-Ecological Aspects in Water Management

Development of a distributed hydrological model representing the relationship between the water cycle and human activities for whole river basin environmental assessment Tomoya Kawaguchi & Toshiharu Kojiri / 41
Using economic valuation of environmental flows to integrate ecological aspects into water management Louise Korsgaard, Torkil Jønch-Clausen, Dan Rosbjerg & Jesper Sølver Schou / 49
Application of a fuzzy logic approach for linking hydro-ecological simulation output to decision support Desmond Yaw Manful, Giselher Kaule &
Nick Van De Giesen / 54
Landscape dynamics, forest fragmentation and their relation to socio-economic history and biophysical attributes in the Colombian highlands
Jose Arturo Restrepo / 60
Water and tourism – simulating the tourist water use in the Upper Danube Catchment Area Mario Sax, Jürgen Schmude & Alexander Dingeldey / 66
The relationship between native vegetation and in-stream salinity: an Australian case study Vincent Lawrence Versace, Daniel Ierodiaconou, Frank Stagnitti, Andrew John Hamilton, M. Todd Walter & Marc Leblanc / 72

3 Chemical Loads of Water by Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Pesticides

Pesticide river contamination—identification of significant pressures in the context of the WFD Martin Bach, Björn Röpke & Hans-Georg Frede / 79
Catchment modelling for quantification of Swedish nutrient transport to the sea and effects of measures Maja Brandt, Berit Arheimer & Lotta Andersson / 84
Integrated assessment of potential impacts on water and soil related ecosystem services due to the European Common Agricultural Policy Lutz Breuer, Wolfgang Reiher, Thorsten Pohlert, Johan A. Huisman, Bernd Weinmann,
Kellie B. Vaché, Martin Bach, Stefan Gäth & Hans-Georg Frede / 90
EU-Project MoNit: a DSS to assess the impact of actions and changing frameworks on the nitrate load in the Upper Rhine Valley aquifer
Markus Casper, Jost Grimm-Strele, Hendrik Lambrecht, Margarete Finck,
Nina Graveline, Thomas Gudera, Stephanie Korte, Burkhard Schneider &
Paul van Dijk / 96
Modelling of nitrogen leaching based on collective intelligence
Uwe Haberlandt & Sven Van Der Heijden / 102
Integrating economic and ecological modelling in the Great Barrier Reef catchments Alexander Smajgl & Peter C. Gehrke / 107

4 Erosion, Sedimentation and Reservoirs

Investigating erosion and sediment transport from headwaters to catchments to reduce reservoir siltation in drylands Axel Bronstert, Ramon J. Batalla,
José C. de Araújo, Till Francke, Andreas Güntner, George Mamede &
Eva Müller / 119
Impounded rivers: aridification and geomorphological risks Carmen de Jong / 123
Sediment dynamics from the drainage area into Lake Mladotice (western Czech Republic) in relation to flood events and under the influence of pre- to post-communist landscape changes Achim Schulte, Bohumir Jansky, Gerhard Daut, Ralf Irmler & Robert van Geldern / 130
Global change scenarios in the prediction of reservoir sedimentation and water availability George Leite Mamede, José Carlos De Araújo & Axel Bronstert / 137

5 Institutions in River Basin Management

Institutional and legal arrangements in the Nile River basin: suggestions for improvement of the current situation Khalid Mohamed El-Hassan Abdalla / 145
Institutions for international river management – is integrated water resources management a viable concept? Ines Dombrowsky / 151
Strengthening transboundary river basin institutions: a comparative learning from basin institutions in Africa, Europe and Southeast Asia Charles Hans Komakech, Frank G. W. Jaspers & Pieter van der Zaag / 157

6

Regional Water Management

Integrated modelling of conjunctive use of surface and groundwater resources in a small-scale irrigation system in the Volta Basin, Africa Luna Bharati,
Charles Rodgers, Serge Shumilov, Maria Plotnikova & Paul Vlek / 167
Integrated water management for the Epitácio Pessoa Reservoir in the semi-arid region of Brazil Alain Marie Bernard Passerat De Silans,
Wamberto Raimundo Da Silva Junior, Carmem Lúcia Moreira Gadelha, Hamilcar José Almeida Filgueira & Martim Assueros Gomes / 173
Has traditional water management failed at Ljubljansko barje water resource? Miha Nartnik, Brigita Jamnik & Primož Auersperger / 179
Status of water resources development and management in Yemen
Abdulla Noman / 186
Water distribution and resource management in the Shule River Basin
Annette Oelert & Dan Rosbjerg / 191
Exploratory modelling applied to Integrated Water Resources Management
Luis Samaniego & András Bárdossy / 197
Water management solutions for the Algarve River basin Cristina Silva & Rodrigo Maia / 204

Impact Assessment

Coupled surface water/groundwater modelling for the management of soil salinity P. Brunner, W. Kinzelbach, W. P. Li & X. G. Dong / 213
Can water stressed regions be characterised when there is sparse data?
Jelle Buma, Caroline Sullivan, Neno Kukuric & Jasper Griffioen / 219
The impact of pine plantations on water yield: a case study from the Ecuadorian Andes Wouter Buytaert, Rolando Célleri, Bert De Bièvre & Vicente Iñiguez / 225
Effective impact assessment of development based programmes through quantification of livelihoods Pradeep P. Lodha & Ashvani K. Gosain / 229
Optimization of cropped area, based on forecast streamflows (a case study: Soofichay irrigation systems) SaeEd Morid, Nazanin Shahkarami &
Mohammad A. Rahimi Jamnani / 235

Decision Support Tools

Using the contingent valuation method to inform sustainable wetland management: the case of the Akrotiri wetland in Cyprus Ekin Birol,
Phoebe Koundouri & Yiannis Kountouris / 243
TwoLe/P: a MODSS implementing PIP procedure for participatory water basin planning Andrea Castelletti, Francesca Pianosi, Valentina Sachero &
Rodolfo Soncini Sessa / 251
Urban flood plains – optimised management strategies in the face of conflicting ecological and socio-economic demands Thomas Hein, Alfred P. Blaschke,
Gertrud Haidvogl, Severin Hohensinner, Walter Reckendorfer, Karl Reiter, Bernd Schuh & Gabriele Weigelhofer / 258
A conceptual framework for the analysis of sustainable watershed management projects Subha Vishnudas, Hubert H. G. Savenije & Pieter Van Der Zaag / 263

Global and Climatic Changes

Water resources management and water availability in the Elbe River basin under conditions of global change Stefan Kaden, Michael Kaltofen & Hagen Koch / 273
From concept to practice – a tool for integrated water resources management under climate change Atef Kassem, Tamas Hamory & Maurice Sydor / 278
Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the Geum River Basin, Korea Young-Oh Kim, Hyung Il-Eum, Dae Il Jeong, Dong-Hyun Kang, Dong-Hyun Cha & Dong-Kyou Lee / 283

Scales of Vulnerability Against Flooding

Reducing flood vulnerability: the model of resilience in Naga City, the Philippines Saut A. H. Sagala, Paul Hofstee & Nanette Kingma / 291
Conditional Value-at-Risk analysis of flooding in the Lower Mekong Basin Brian Webby, Peter Adamson, John Boland, Phil Howlett & Andrew Metcalfe / 297

Flood Risk Management at Different Scales

Operational flood protection management in the Ruhr River catchment basin in Germany: challenges and limitations Gerd Morgenschweis & Christian Heitefuss / 305
Flood losses in private households: analysis of influencing factors and implications for flood loss modelling Annegret H. Thieken, Heidi Kreibich, Meike Müller, Matthias Nicklisch & Bruno Merz / 312

Tools to Estimate and Reduce Flood Risk

Estimation of trends in rainfall extremes as important input parameters for flood risk assessment Susanne Bachner, Alice Kapala & Clemens Simmer / 319
Database improvement for better land management and natural disaster prevention in a tropical watershed Jürgen Baumann, Isidro Gaytan,
José Luis Arellano, Jose Luis Miranda & Juan Alberto Rodriguez / 325
A new system for online flood forecasting – performance and implications Johannes Cullmann, Gerd. H. Schmitz & Wilfried Görner / 330
Operational flood risk management based on ensemble predictions
Jörg Dietrich, Frank Voss & Andreas Schumann / 337
Automatic optimization offers new possibilities for cost-effective flood protection at urban rivers Lutz Feldmann & Jens Schramm / 342
Flood vulnerability and preparedness: model approach to mitigate the risk for local communities Dagmar Haase & Carsten Bohn / 347
Is hydrology reducing vulnerabilities? Andreas Schumann & Bastian Klein / 354
Fuzzy reliability analysis of floods: an approach for integration of objective and subjective risks Slobodan P. Simonovic / 362
HowisErft – a remote sensing based flood prediction and information system
Tilo Keller, Oliver Buchholz, Ulrich Kern, Dirk Meetschen & Clemens Simmer / 372
Combating flooding together Irina Krasovskaia, Lars Gottschalk,
Hallvard Berg, Alison Mcerlain, Denys Ngu & Timm Ruben Geissler / 377
Main factors influencing the economic flood damage of companies
Heidi Kreibich, Meike Müller, Annegret Thieken & Bruno Merz / 384
A European framework of integration for flood risk management
Jochen Schanze / 389
Sustainable methods for reducing communities’ vulnerability to flooding in Mozambique Darren Lumbroso, David Ramsbottom & Mathias Spaliveiro / 394
NOAH, the right information at the right time at the right place
Erik Jan Langkamp, Ludolph Wentholt, Bob Pengel, Reinhart Vogt,
Sebastian Schnitzler & Kees de Gooijer / 400

Hydraulic Structures Mitigating Flood Risk

Risk assessment for hydraulic structures: procedure and application
Daniel Bachmann, Gesa Kutschera, Maren Niemeyer, Nils Peter Huber &
Jürgen Köngeter / 409
Constraints and methods of refurbishment measures for dikes
Ronald Haselsteiner & Theodor Strobl / 415
Flood relief project at Esch-sur-Sûre Philippe Lazaro & Guy Toussin / 420
Reliability of coastal flood defences in Vietnam C. Mai Van,
P. H. A. J. M. Van Gelder & J. K. Vrijling / 424
The effects of Chao Phraya dam operation on the upstream flood inundation Sutham Visutimeteegorn, Kanchit Likitdecharote & Suphat Vongvisessomjai / 432
Flood Protection vs Heritage Conservation? An integrated urban and landscape design approach for Grimma, Saxony Thomas Will & Heiko Lieske / 441
Key word index / 447

------Reducing the Vulnerability of Societies to Water Related Risks at the Basin Scale (Proceedings of the third International Symposium on Integrated Water Resources Management, Bochum, Germany, September 2006). IAHS Publ. 317, 2007, 3–8.

Hydrological interdependencies of irrigation systems and river catchments

maurits ertsen1, daniel prieto2 & nick van de giesen1

1 Water Resources, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5048, 2600GA Delft, The Netherlands

2 Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Santiago del Estero, Argentina

Abstract This paper discusses (re)distributing effects of small and large irrigation systems at the catchment scale. Scales of catchment and system, each with their own temporal and spatial properties, are to be integrated. To be able to quantify water fluxes in irrigation, water fluxes within the system at canal and field level need to be understood. Two cases are presented. The first case study on large-scale irrigation in Argentina shows how the properties of the system, expressed in a scattered pattern of water distribution within and along the borders of the irrigated area, influence the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration. The second case study, on small-scale sand dams in Kenya shows that the scales of catchment and system need to be linked to understand the dynamics of human intervention and hydrological behaviour of catchments.

Key words Argentina; catchment scale; field scale; fluxes; irrigation; Kenya; redistribution effects; system scale

Integrated river basin management in the catchment area of the Ruhr River

Harro Bode & Michael Weyand

Ruhr River Association, Kronprinzenstraße 37, D-45128 Essen, Germany

Abstract In Germany the Rhine-Ruhr region is one of the most populated and industrialized areas. Thus the rivers in that area are extremely affected by anthropogenic caused pressures. To meet the conflicts between the existing different water uses, a comprehensive and sustainable water resources management is necessary. Related to the catchment area of the Ruhr River, a tributary of the Rhine, this task is assigned to the Ruhr River Association. In the past the main topics of work had to meet the demands of human-related water issues. Nowadays the more environmentally focused-like thoughts of the European Water Framework Directive have to be included into planning concepts and programmes of measures as well. The application of such a watershed-wide approach makes it possible to meet, in close contact with the water management authorities concerned, many environmental targets in an economically very efficient way.