Earthqakes Under the Sea Set Off Under Water Ripples

INTRODUCTION:

EARTHQAKES UNDER THE SEA SET OFF UNDER WATER RIPPLES.

THESE REACH LAND REAR UP TO FORM HUGE WAVES, CALLED

TSUNAMI .

TSUNAMI .(TIDAL WAVES) IS A SERIES OF RAPIDLY MOVING HUGE WAVES CAUSED BY SUDDEN DISTURBANCES IN THE OCEAN. THE WAVES CAUSED BY EVENTS SUCH AS EARTHQUAKES, VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS AND IMPACT OF METEORITES

KILLER WAVE

THE “TSUNAMI” WHICH HIT INDIA FOR THE FIRST TIME ON SUNDAY 26/12/2004 WREAKING HAVOC ACROSS THE SOUTHERN COASTLINE, IS A KNOWN PHENOMENON IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN REGION STRETCHING FROM CHILE IN LATIN AMERICA TO JAPAN IN FAR -EAST ASIA , REPORT PTI AND

UNI FROM NEW DELHI .

THE WAVES WHICH WERE CAUSED BY A MASSIVE EARTHQUAKE ON THE INDIAN OCEAN AND CLAIMED THOUSAND OF LIVES IN INDIA AND SIX OTHER COUNTRIES ARE USUALLY TRIGGERED BY SEISMIC DISTURBANCES – COASTAL EARTHQUAKES, VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS OR UNDERSEA LANDSLIDES –THAT JOLT THE OCEAN FLOOR.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TSUNAMI WAVES AND TIDAL WAVES

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TSUNAMI WAVES AND TIDAL WAVES

IS THAT WHILE THE FORMER HIT ONLY THE HARBOURS AND COASTAL AREAS EVEN AS THE OTHER PARTS OF THE SEA REMAIN CALM, THE LATTER MAKE THE SEA ROUGH. THE RESULT IS A DEEP WAVE THAT REACHES FROM THE SEA`S

SURFACE TO THE FLOOR AND TRAVELS HORIZONTALL.

WHAT IS A TSUNAMI ?

THE SCIENTIFIC TSUNAMI IS A JAPANESE WORD WITH THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION, “HARBOUR WAVE.” “TSU” MEANS HARBOUR , WHILE “NAMI” MEANS WAVE . IN THE PAST , TSUNAMIS WERE SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS “TIDAL WAVES” BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC , AND AS “SEISMIC SEA WAVES” BY COMMUNITY.

• A TSUNAMI IS A SERIES OF WAVES, GENERATED IN A BODY OF WATER BY AN IMPULSIVE DISPLACES THE WATER COLUMN
• EARTHQUAKES , LANDSLIDES , VOLCANIC ERUPTION, EXPLOSIONS, AND EVEN THE IMPACT OF COMIC BODIES CAN GENERATE TSUNAMIS.
• TSUNAMIS CAN SAVAGELY AATTACK COASTLINES, CAUSING DEVASTATING PROPERTY DAMAGE AND LOSS OF LIFE .

IN THE OPEN OCEAN, WHERE THE WATER MAY BE 10,000 FT DEEP, A TSUNAMI RISE ONLY 3FT ABOUT THE SURFACE, WITH ITS CRESTS AS FAR AS 950 KM APART .

HOW DOES TSUNAMI OCCUR?

TSUNAMI CAN BE GENERATED WHEN THE SEA FLOOR ABRUPTLY DEFORMS AND VERTICALLY DISPLACES THE OVERLYING WATER. TECTONIC EARTHQUAKES ARE A A PARTICULAR KIND OF THE EARTHQUAKE THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH`S CRUSTAL DEFORMATION, WATER ABOVE THE DEFORMED AREA IS DISPLACED FROM ITS EQUILIBRIUM POSITION.

WAVES ARE FORMED AS THE DISPLACED WATER MASS, WHICH ACTS UNDER

THE INFLUENCE OF GRAVITY, ATTEMPTS TO REGAIN ITS EQUILLIBIRIUM.

WHEN LARGE AREAS OF SEA FLOOR ELEVATE OR SUBSIDE, A TSUNAMI CAN BE CREATED. LARGE VERTICAL MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH`S CRUST CAN OCCUR AT PLATE BOUNDARIES. PLATES INTERACT ALONG THESE BOUNDARIES CALLED FAULTS.

WHAT HAPPENS TO A TSUNAMI AS IT APPROACHES THE LAND ?

THE FRONT OF THE WAVES IS SLOWED DOWN CONSIDERABLY AS IT APPROACHES A BEACH OR COASTAL SHELF-BUT THE REAR OF THE WAVE IS STILL TRAVELLING AT ENORMOUS SPEED. AS A RESULT, THE WHOLE MASS OF WATER PILES UP ON ITSELF, CREATING A MUCH HIGHER WAVE, WHICH BREAKS

WITH OVER- WHELMING FORCE ON THE SHORE.

THE WAVE CRESTS BEND AS THE TSUNAMI TRAVELS ( CALLED REFRACTION). WAVE REFRACTION IS CAUSED BY SEGMENTS OF THE WAVE MOVING AT DIFFERENT SPEEDS AS THE WATER DEPTH ALONG THE CREST VARIES

IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN, WERE THE TYPICAL WATER DEPTH IS ABOUT 400 MTS, A TSUNAMI TRAVELS AT ABOUT 700KM /HR

HOW THE KILLER TSUNAMI AFFECTED THE LIFE OF THE PEOPLE?

ONE OF THE HIGHEST TSUNAMIS EVER RECORDED BROKE OUT ON CAPE LOPAKTA, SIBERIA, IN 1737.

THE COUNT OF THE DEAD IN THE KILLER TSUNAMI TIDAL WAVES ROSE TO

OVER 24,000 IN SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA, INCLUDING MORE THAN 20,000 IN INDIA ALONE, AS THE HORRIFIC SCALE OF DEATH

TAMILNADU AND ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS WERE THE WORST AFFECTED

IN INDIA. ACCOUNTING FOR MORE THAN 10,000 DEATHS, OVER 5000 PEOPLE ARE MISSING.

THE CLOSEST INDIAN TERRITORY TO THE EPI-CENTERE OF THE QUAKE IN

INDONESIA ISLAND OF SUMATRA. TSUNAMI(TIDAL WAVE) OF HEIGHT UPTO 10M ARE LIKELY TO OCCUR OVER TAMILNADU.

OUR OPINION ABOUT THIS PROJECT.

WE ARE VERY THANKFUL TO KUSUMA MISS AND SHOBHA MISS BECAUSE YOU HAVE GIVEN US A VERY GOOD OPPURTUNITY TO DO THE “TSUNAMI’’ PROJECT

IN THE COMPUTER AND TO IMPROVE OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT TSUNAMI . AND ALSO WE PRAY TO GOD THAT THE PEOPLES WHO AFFECTED FROM THE

TSUNAMI WILL BE SOON RECOVER. AND GOD GIVE THEM A STRENGTH TO

PROTECT THEIR LIFE.

THIS PROJECT IS PRESENTED BY

NAMESROLL NO

R.ANITHA.04

DHARSHINI .K.18

KAVYA.B.27

LATHA.M.31

NEHA.K.43

PAVITHRA.H.D.(LEADER) 47

SINDHU.C.S.63