Directions: Answer the following questions on the provided Scantron ® answer sheet. Each Answer is worth 2 Points

  1. The point below the Earth’s surface where the energy in an earthquake is released is known as the __?___, and the location on the Earth’s surface directly above the point at which the earthquake originates is the __?__.
  1. epicenter / focus
  2. focus / epicenter
  3. focus / fault
  4. epicenter / plate boundary
  1. The sudden return of deformed rock along a fault or plate boundary to its original undeformed shape __?__.
  1. epicenter
  2. focus
  3. elastic rebound
  4. isostacy
  1. The diagram below illustrates the two body wave motions. Model A represents which of the two body waves?
  1. S-Wave
  2. L-Wave
  3. P-Wave
  4. R-Wave
  1. Using the Earth Science Reference Table, determine the distance to the Epicenter if the difference in the arrival times of the P- and S-wave is 5 minutes 20 seconds.
  1. 2000 km
  2. 2600 km
  3. 4400 km
  4. 3800 km
  1. The cross section of Earth below shows a P-wave moving away from an earthquake epicenter to seismic station A.
  1. No S-waves arrive directly at seismic station A becausesome parts of the core are liquid
  2. S-waves travel too slowly
  3. the distance to seismic station A is too great
  4. seismic station A is located on glacial ice
  1. Using the Earth Science Reference Table, An earthquake occurred at 5:00:00 AM. At what time would the P-wave reach a seismic station 3,000 km from the epicenter?
  1. 5:04:30 am
  2. 5:05:40 am
  3. 5:10:12 am
  4. 6:15:00 am

Directions: Base your answers to #7-11 on the four seismograms below. The seismograms show the arrival of P- and S-waves from the same earthquake at four different seismic stations.

  1. Which station is farthest from the epicenter of the earthquake?
  1. Station Ac. Station C
  2. Station Bd. Station D
  1. How many seismograms are necessary to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
  1. Any one of the seismograms may be used
  2. Any two of the seismograms may be used
  3. Any three of the seismograms may be used
  4. All four seismograms must be used.
  1. What is the distance between station A and the epicenter of the earthquake?
  1. 1000 kmc. 2,600 km
  2. 2,000 kmd. 3,200 km
  1. On another day, station A records the arrival time of the P-waves, but not the S-waves, from a distant earthquake. Which statement best explains why the S-waves were not received?
  1. S-waves are not transmitted through the Earth’s outer core.
  2. S-waves are stopped by the iron and nickel inner core.
  3. S-waves are transmitted through all parts of the Earth.
  4. S-waves are faster than compression waves.
  1. As the distance from the epicenter increases, the time interval between the arrival of the P-waves and the S-waves on the seismograph will:
  1. decreaseb. increasec. remain the same

Directions: Base your answers to questions #12-14 on the map below. The map shows how the epicenter of an earthquake is located using observations at seismic stations 1,2 and 3 in New YorkState. Seismic station 4 is located in Canada.

Place a scale on map

  1. Using the seismic reading located at station 1 only, an observer would be able to determine?
  1. The distance from the epicenter from station 1 only
  2. The direction from the epicenter from station 1 only
  3. Both the distance and direction from the epicenter from station 1
  4. Neither the distance and direction from the epicenter from station 1
  1. Which statement about the arrival times of the seismic waves at station 2 is correct?
  1. The S-wave arrived first
  2. The lag time between the seismic waves was longer than for station 1
  3. The lag time between the seismic waves was longer than for station 4
  4. Only the P-wave arrived
  1. How would the difference in arrival times of the P-waves and S-waves at station 4 compare with the difference in arrival times of these waves at station 1?
  1. The difference would be greater at station 1.
  2. The difference would be greater at station 4.
  3. The difference would be the same at both stations.
  1. The oceanic crust is composed of mainly __?__ and the continental crust is composed

mainly of ___?

  1. granite / basalt
  2. granite / obsidian
  3. basalt / sandstone
  4. basalt / granite
  1. According to the Earth Science Reference Table, what is the temperature of the boundary between the outer core and the stiffer mantle?
  1. 1.5 oC
  2. 5,000 oC
  3. 3,000 oC
  4. 7,000 oC
  1. According to the Earth Science Reference Table, which zone of Earth has the greatest density?
  1. Crust
  2. Outer Core
  3. Mantle
  4. Inner Core
  1. According to the Earth Science Reference Table, what is the density of the oceanic crust?
  1. 1.3 g/cm3
  2. 9.0 g/cm3
  3. 3.0 g/cm3
  4. 12.6 g/cm3
  1. It is suggested that the outer core of Earth is liquid. What is the strongest evidence for this?
  1. S-waves disappear as they move through the outer core.
  2. P-waves disappear as they move through the outer core.
  3. P-waves are transmitted through the outer core.
  4. S-waves speed up as they move through the outer core.
  1. In 8 minutes, an earthquake P-wave travels a total distance of
  2. 2,100 km
  3. 4,700 km
  4. 6,600 km
  5. 11,300 km
  6. The diagram shows data received at a seismic station following an earthquake. The distance from this seismic station to the epicenter of the earthquake is approximately

  1. 1,300
  2. 2,600
  3. 3,400
  4. 5,000
  1. Which best describes a major characteristic of both volcanoes and earthquakes?
  1. They are centered at the poles.
  2. They are mainly located in the same geographic areas.
  3. They are restricted to the Southern Hemisphere only
  4. There are no major characteristics in common between volcanoes and earthquakes.
  1. An opening in the earth's surface through which molten rock flows is called a
  2. vent
  3. caldera
  4. mantle
  5. fault
  1. The broad volcanic feature formed by quiet eruptions on thin lava flows is called a ...
  2. shield zone
  3. cinder cone
  4. rift
  5. strato-volcano
  1. Fill in chart below (12 points):

Wave Location / Wave Name / Wave Type
Direction / Wave Transmission Material(s) / Draw Wave Model
Body Wave / □ Solid
□ Liquid
□ Solid
□ Liquid
Surface Wave /

Name ______period ____

Directions: Using the ESRT and your knowledge of earth science write your responses to the following questions on this paper. All Questions are 2 points unless otherwise noted.

Base your answers to questions 26 through 29 on the map and the modified Mercalli intensity scale below. The map shows modified Mercalli intensity scale damage zones resulting from a large earthquake that occurred in 1964. The earthquake’s epicenter was near Anchorage, Alaska. The cities Kodiak and Anchorage are shown on the map. The Mercalli scale describes earthquake damage at Earth’s surface.

  1. Describe onetype of damage that occurred in Anchorage but notin Kodiak. ______

______

  1. Explain why S-waves from this earthquake were notdirectly received on the opposite side of Earth. ______

______

  1. Determine the latitude and longitude of this epicenter. Include the units and compass directions in your answer.

Answer: ______, ______

The data table below shows the origin depths of all large-magnitude Earthquakes over a 20-yearperiod.

  1. According to these data, most of theseearthquakes occurred within which layer of Earth’s interior? ______

Base your answers to questions 30 and 31 on the cross section below, which shows the paths of seismic waves traveling from an earthquake epicenter through the different layers of Earth’s interior.

  1. Draw an X on the diagram above to show where no seismic waves would be received, by a seismic station, from this earthquake.
  1. The distance from Albany, New York, to the epicenter of this earthquake is 4,000 km. Approximately how much longer did it take for the S-wave to arrive at Albany than the P-wave? ______

Base your answers to questions 30 through 33 on the seismogram below.

7:03 7:06 PM

  1. The distance from this seismic station to the epicenter of the earthquake is approximately? ______km
  1. How long would the P-Wave travel from the epicenter to this seismic station? ______
  1. What was the origin time of the earthquake? ______
  1. Determine the magnitude of this earthquake by measuring the amplitude of the correct seismic wave,on the seismogram, and the distance that you calculated in question 30. Draw the line on the scales below and find the magnitude.

The topographic map below shows a stream crossing several contour lines and passingthrough points X and Y. Elevations are measuredin feet.

  1. Calculate the approximate gradient between point Xand point Y? (with correct units) ______
  1. State the compass direction towards which Indian Creek flows. ______
  1. Compare the mass of a proton to the mass of an electron.
  1. List the charge of the following particles:
  2. Proton –
  3. Neutron –
  4. Electron –
  5. On the grid below, construct a topographic profile along line XY, by plotting a point for the elevation of each contour line that crosses line XY. Points X and Y have already been plotted on the grid. Connect the points with a smooth,curved line to complete the profile. Elevation shown in meters. (5 pts)
  1. What is a possible elevation of point A?