DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING OPERATION
A Project Report submitted in Partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
By
P.SANDHYA SAMERA CH.HARIKA
(08KD1A0233) (08KD1A0210)
B.NIRANANDAYOGI P.TEJESWARA RAO
(08KD1A0205) (08KD1A0245)
Under the esteemed guidance of
Sri B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI
Assistant Professor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(Approved by AICTE. Affiliated to JNTUK.)
Jonnada, Vizianagaram-535005.
2008-2012.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project titled “DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTED/ISLANDING OPERATION” is the bonafide work done by P.SANDHYA SAMERA (08KD1A0233), CH.HARIKA(08KD1A0210), B.NIRANANDA YOGI(08KD1A0205), P.TEJESWARA RAO(08KD1A0245) under the guidance of SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI, in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of B.Tech degree in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY , Visakhapatnam during the academic year 2008-2012.
Head of the Department Project Guide
Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI
Associate professor Assistant professor
Department of E.E.E Department of E.E.E
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are greatly thankful and deeply indebted to our guide Sri.B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI, Assistant Professor, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, for giving us an opportunity to work under her by giving valuable suggestions and kind cooperation, guidance throughout the time.
We express our sincere thanks to Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA, Head of the department, Electrical and Electronics engineering, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Engineering College, for his cooperation and encouragement.
We are grateful to principal V.V.RAMA REDDY and management members, Visakhapatnam for their encouragement.
We are very much grateful to all our faculty members and other teaching and non teaching staff for their kind cooperation.
We wish to take this opportunity to express our deep gratitude to all our friends who have extended their cooperation in various ways during the project work. It is our pleasure to acknowledge the help of all those individuals. Finally we would like to thank our parents for their encouragement and cooperation.
P.SANDHYA SAMERA(08KD1A0233)
CH.HARIKA (08KD1A0210)
B.NIRANANDA YOGI (08KD1A0205)
P.TEJESWARA RAO(08KD1A0245)
MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING OPERATION
ABSTRACT
Distributed Generation (DG) is predicted to play an important role in electrical power system in the near future. The insertion of DG system into existing distribution network has great impact on real-time system operation and planning. It is widely accepted that micro turbine generation (MTG) systems are currently attracting lot of attention to meet customers need in the distribution power generation market. In order to investigate the performance of micro turbine generation systems their efficient modelling is required.
The project ‘DYMANIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENRATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING CONNECTION proposes a dynamic model of a MTG system, suitable for grid connection/islanding operation The presented model allows the bidirectional power flow between grid and MTG system. The components of the system are built from the dynamics of each part with their interconnections. The control strategies for both grid connected and intentional islanding operation mode of a DG system are also proposed.
For the purpose of modelling initially a dynamic model for each component in the system, including micro turbine, permanent magnet synchronous generator, 3 phase AC-DC rectifier and DC-AC inverter is developed and after this stage the model is implemented in simulation software. In this project the simulation tool is Matlab/Simulink. Simulations are carried out in islanded and grid-connected mode of the system to observe the system’s behaviour when supplying customer’s variable loads. It also incorporates modelling and simulation of microturbine with a speed control system of the micro turbine-synchronous generator to keep the speed constant with load variation.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgements
Abstract
CHAPTERS
1. INTRODUCTION 01
1.1 INTRODUCTION 02
1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT 03
2. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION 04
2.1 OUTLOOK OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION 05
2.2 WHY INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION? 05
2.3 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED NETWORK 07
3. DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES 09
3.1 INTRODUCTION 10
3.2 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) SYSTEM 10
3.2.1MICRO-CHIP SYSTEMS 11
3.2.2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 12
3.2.3 STIRLING ENGINES 12
3.2.4 MICROTURBINES 13
3.2.5 FUEL CELLS 15
3.3 WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS (WECs) 17
3.4 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEMS 17
4. MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM 19
4.1 INTRODUCTION 20
4.2 MICROTURBINE 20
4.2.1 SPEED CONTROL BLOCK 21
4.2.2 FUEL CONTROL BLOCK 22
4.2.3 TURBINE BLOCK 24
4.2.4 TEMPERATURE CONTROL 24
4.2.5 ACCELERATION CONTROL 25
4.3 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 26
4.3.1 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE STRUCTURE 26
4.3.2 PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 27
5. MATLAB AND SIMULINK 29
MATLAB
5.1 INTRODUCTION 30
5.1.1 KEY FEATURES 30
SIMULINK
5.2 INTRODUCTION 31
5.2.1 KEY FEATURES 31
5.2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM 32
5.2.3 SIMULINK BLOCK LIBRARIES 33
5.2.4 SUBSYSTEMS 34
5.2.5 SOLVERS 34
1. FIXED STEP SOVERS 34
2. VARIABLE STEP SOLVERS 34
3. CONTINUOUS SOLVERS 35
4. DISCRETE SOLVERS 35
5.2.6 THE POWER SYSTEM BLOCK SET 35
5.2.7 SIMULINK BLOCKS USED IN THE SIMULATION 36
6. IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG SYSTEM USING MATLAB 43
6.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF MGT SYSTEM AND CONVERTER CONTROLLER 44
6.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG USING CONVENTIONAL CONVERTERS 46
6.2.1 MTG SYSTEM MODELLING 46
A. MICROTURBINE 47
B. PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 49
C. POWER CONDITIONING 50
1. MACHINE SIDE CONVERTER 51
2. LINE SIDE CONVERTER 51
3. GRID CONNECTED MODE 52
7. SIMULATION AND RESULTS 55
SIMULATION AND RESULTS 56
GRID CONNECTED MODE 58
CONCLUSION 63
APPENDIX 64
BIBLIOGRAPHY 65