Draft Training Safety Plan
Integra Consult A/SDraft Safety Training PlanPage 1 (18)
Safety management trainingPLAN
Version 0.01
Integra Consult A/S
16 December 2004
Document Change Record
The following table records the complete history of the successive editions of the present document.
EDITION / DATE / CONTENT / SECTIONS AFFECTED0.1 / 16.12.2004 / First draft version / -
Table of contents
Document Change Record
1General description
1.1Definitions
1.2Abbreviations
2Levels of Training
3Courses
3.1Basic Training
3.2Supplementary Courses
4Generic Training Plan
4.1Course/Training Levels
4.2Plan and Schedule
4.3Participants
5Sources of Training
5.1EUROCONTROL
5.2Integra Consult A/S
5.3Virtual Training Centre (VTC)
1General description
The overall purpose of this document is to present a generic training plan for the basic safety training within an organization. The training plan shall support the implementation or modernization of a Safety Management System by a Service Provider. This Service Provider can either be an ATM Service Provider, Airport, Aircraft Operator and/or an independent assessment/audit organization, which is acting on behalf of the Regulator[1].
It is important to note that this version of the Training Plan is generic and intended to constitute the fundament for a further development of a comprehensive and structured training plan. Therefore the document shall be subsequently tailored to the applicable organization by taking the actual environment, in which the training shall be performed, into consideration.
The Training Plan includes a definition of the different levels of training and how these relate to each other. In addition, the Training Plan defines the different courses to be performed.
Finally, the Training Plan identifies the different main sources for training available in the European market and where Integra Consult can guarantee the quality of the training.
The main sections to be updated in connection with the transformation from a generic Training Plan to a tailored Training Plan comprise the Sections 5 (Training Plan) and 6 (Sources for the Training). Especially in section 6, it has to be decided how much training will have to be performed in-house and how much will be outsourced to international training providers.
Note that this draft Safety Training Plan is constantly updated reflecting the latest development in the training environment.
1.1Definitions
Air Traffic Management / The aggregation of the airborne functions and ground-based functions (air traffic services, airspace management and air traffic flow management) required to ensure the safe and efficient movement of aircraft during all phases of operations.Air Traffic Service / A generic term meaning variously, flight information service, alerting service, air traffic advisory service, air traffic control service (area control service, approach control service or aerodrome control service).
Assessment / An evaluation based on engineering, operational judgment and/or analysis methods.
ATM Service / A service for the purpose of ATM.
ATM Service Provider / An organization responsible and authorized to provide ATM service(s). Functionally separated from its regulator.
External Services / All material and non-material supplies and services which are delivered by any organization not covered by the ATM Service Provider’s Safety Management System.
Hazard / A potentially unsafe condition.
Hazard Identification / The process of determining what can happen, why and how.
Mitigation / Steps taken to control or prevent a hazard from causing harm and reduce risk to a tolerable or acceptable level.
National ATM Safety Regulatory Body / The competent body designated by State authority responsible for the safety regulation of civil aviation.
Occurrences / Accidents, serious incidents and incidents as well as other defects or malfunctioning of an aircraft, its equipment and any element of the Air Navigation System which is used or intended to be used for the purpose or in connection with the operation of an aircraft or with the provision of an air traffic management service or navigational aid to an aircraft.
Quantitative Safety Levels / Numerical expression to define levels of safety.
Risk / The combination of the probability or frequency of occurrence of a defined hazard and the magnitude of the consequences of the occurrence.
Safety / A condition in which the risk of harm or damage is limited to an acceptable level.
Safety Assessment / Assessment to establish that the achieved or perceived risk is acceptable or tolerable.
Safety Assessment Criteria / The set of quantitative or qualitative criteria to be used in a safety assessment to determine the acceptability of the assessed level of safety.
Safety Audit / A systematic and objective review of a State’s aviation framework to verify compliance with the provisions of the Chicago Convention or National regulation, conformance with or adherence to SARPs procedures and good aviation safety practices.
Safety Management / The management of activities to secure high standards of safety performance which meet, as a minimum, the provisions of safety regulatory requirements.
Safety Management Function / A managerial function with organizational responsibility for development and maintenance of an effective safety management system.
Safety Management System (SMS) / A system for the management of safety including the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, processes and provisions for the implementation of safety policies in order to provide for the control of safety.
Safety Monitoring / A systematic action conducted to detect changes affecting the ATM System with the specific objective of identifying that acceptable or tolerable safety can be met.
Safety Policy / A statement of the organization's fundamental approach to achieve acceptable or tolerable safety.
Safety Promotion / Specification of the means by which safety issues are communicated to ensure a safety culture of safe working within the organization.
Safety Records / Information about events or series of events that is maintained as a basis for providing safety assurance and demonstrating the effective operation of the safety management system.
Safety Regulatory Requirement / The formal stipulation by the regulator of a safety related specification which, if complied with, will lead to acknowledgement of safety competence in that respect.
SMS Documentation / The set of documents, arising from the organization's safety policy statements, to develop and document the SMS in order to achieve its safety objectives.
Supporting Services / Systems, services and arrangements, including Communication, Navigation and Surveillance services which support the provision of an ATM service
System / A combination of physical components, procedures and human resources organized to perform a function.
VTC / Virtual TrainingCenter. An advanced training for air traffic control personnel. The center is based in Hungary.
1.2Abbreviations
ANS / Air Navigation ServicesATC / Air Traffic Control
ATM / Air Traffic Management
ATMB / Air Traffic Management Bureau
ATS / Air Traffic Services
CAAC / Civil Aviation Administration of China
CEO / Chief Executive Officer
ESARR / Eurocontrol Safety Regulatory Requirement
ICAO / International Civil Aviation Organization
N/A / Not Applicable
PANS / Procedures for Air Navigation Services
SMM / Safety Management Manual
SMS / Safety Management System
TBD / To be Determined/Defined
2Levels of Training
Safety training can demand considerable resources, if not well-planned and tuned to the purpose.
Therefore the training plan is based on a concept where the training is performed to different requirements dependent on the safety tasks and duties to be performed by the particular staff category. The concept also combines the training of staff from service providers and the staff from the regulator.
The performance of safety training shall be an integrated element of the safety management system and facilitate the evolution of the all-important safety culture including building up general safety awareness within the organization.
Thus Integra Consult is working with the following levels of safety training:
Figure 3-1: levels of training
As can be seen from the figure, the Safety Managers are to receive the most comprehensive training, whilst Safety Specialists and Regulators are to receive adequate training enabling them to perform their duties. Other staff comprise all staff within the organization performing tasks or duties that may directly or indirectly affect the safety.
It is very important to include the management in the training program, as management commitment is essential in connection with Safety Management. Without management involvement there will be no Safety Management System. In this connection, it has to be stressed that safety training of management is not only a task to be performed during the initial implementation of the system, but the management must constantly be trained in order to ensure the commitment from the management. Training of the management should be performed on the different service providers and on the management of the regulatory authority.
General safety training covering safety awareness should also be implemented in order to support the enhancement of Safety Awareness and Lesson Dissemination. It has to be stressed in this connection that this training plan does not encompass any training to be performed in connection with the operational or technical training. Safety training should also be incorporated in these training activities.
The different levels of training are inter-connected meaning that a Safety Manager may have to pass the initial training. In case, the Safety Manager already has experience in training and safety, the Safety Manager can perform the initial training.
The relationship between the different levels and the resulting knowledge is shown in the figure below. The complexity of the training increases from left to right and thereby the resulting safety knowledge.
Figure 3-2: complexity of training levels
This structure of the training also supports a continuation of the safety work within the organization, so a new (or additional) Safety Manager can be made available in the organization within short time (e.g. by further training of a specialist).
3Courses
This section describes the different courses to be performed in connection with the safety training. However, it has to be understood that it is a generic list of courses, which might differ dependent on the institutions used in connection with the training. The key issue is that all the topics mentioned in the list of the training have to be included in the different courses.
Section 4.2 details available supplementary courses within the safety environment. Such courses will mostly be targeted towards the safety manager and safety specialists with highly specialized tasks.
3.1Basic Training
Based on an individual consultation with the respective organization, a specific training program for the organization can be developed. This is addressed in Section 5.
Course / DescriptionIntroduction to Safety Management / This course should give the participants knowledge of the content of Safety Management including knowledge of the basic elements and principles of Safety Management. In addition the course should support the general Safety Awareness in the organization.
During the course, focus will also be put on creating an efficient and positive safety culture within the organization.
Safety Policy and Culture / The first and most important element when developing and implementing a safety management system is the development and implementation of a safety culture.
This course is especially directed towards senior management of the organization, as both the development of a safety policy and safety culture require senior management leadership and full commitment.
During this course, the development of a Safety Policy is discussed; what elements should be covered in the policy, which statements can be used, how to formulate the policy, and the impact the policy may have on the Safety Culture and Awareness. Furthermore, a Safety Policy should be developed as an interactive process.
Furthermore, the concept of Safety Culture and how the Safety Culture can be developed within an organization is discussed. Special attention will be put on the responsibilities of the management in the implementation of the Safety Culture.
Implementation of Safety Management Systems / The objective of this course is to describe the implementation process of a Safety Management System.
One of the first tasks when setting up a safety management system is to survey the major elements of the organization and operation and identify priorities for changes required for enhancing safety. Therefore, the course will take a practical approach including addressing how to review already existing procedures that can be integrated into the safety management system.
In addition the course will continue from the safety policy course, in terms of disseminating the safety policy and the importance of a continuing senior management leadership and commitment.
Finally the course will address the importance of the relationship between the safety policy, the safety management elements and procedures, and the safety accountabilities and responsibilities.
Safety Manager and Organization, Role and Responsibilities / This course will focus on the role and responsibilities of the Safety Manager, the Safety Organization and how he/she/this shall interact with the overall organization. It is of vital importance for the total Safety Management System that the Safety Manager/Organization knows his/its possibilities to act upon safety issues.
Furthermore, the course will include the Safety Organization as an issue to be developed and implemented. Several different organizational diagrams will be discussed and the basic requirements to the Safety Organization will be listed (e.g. independence of the operational and technical units of the organization).
Safety Management Documentation / The objective of this course is to understand the documentation and recording requirements when working in a safety management environment.
Special focus shall be on the development of a safety management manual.
The course is based on best international practices.
Safety Assessment / The objective of this course is to give the participants a comprehensive introduction to requirements related to safety assessments and necessary techniques and associated documentation requirements.
Incorporated into this course are a number of practical cases, where the participants will be introduced to different safety assessment requirements and problems.
Safety Audits / The objective of this course is to give the participants detailed knowledge of the performance and objectives of a Safety Audit. This includes focus on the necessary documentation requirements when performing audits.
During the course a practical case study are to be performed, where the participants will practice the audit techniques.
Safety Performance Monitoring / This course will focus on the monitoring of the organization's safety performance. In specific, the course will address:
- Determination of safety performance Indicators
- Setting of Safety Performance Targets
- Establishment of Safety Occurrence Reporting System Monitoring techniques
Safety Regulation / This is a course with a specific focus on the regulatory aspects of safety management.
The course will address the importance of creating a functional split between the regulatory authority and the organization providing the services (e.g. the ATM service provider) and the continuing relationship between the two entities.
During the course, a draft regulation will be presented and discussed. Focus will be put upon the results of the draft regulation, i.e. which activities will have to be performed by the regulator and the requirements put on the service provider.
Furthermore, the course will have to cope with the Safety Oversight Program to be performed both internally and externally. This should include a listing of the requirements coming from international organizations such as ICAO’s Safety Oversight Program.
Safety Tools / Many tools (and/or methodologies) are developed for identification and analysis of the different hazards which may occur. This course will go through the different tools and explain the content of the tools and where to use them.
As there are many tools available only a sub-set of the most relevant tools will be discussed. This includes:
- Creative methods for the identification of hazards
- Tools for the analysis of hazards
- Verification tools of the mitigation actions.
Safety in Training / The objective of this course is to ensure that safety training is understood as an integrated part of all training of staff working within Air Traffic Management.
This course will go through different requirements to licensing, competency and training of controllers and other staff, and discuss how to comply with the requirements.
Table 4-1: courses
It has to be stressed that training in the above topics will be different dependent on the topic. It is not a question of a one-day course for each of the topics. Some might have (e.g. the Safety Regulation) duration of two/three days. In some cases the duration can vary dependent on the environment in which the course shall be performed, as the duration is dependent on the English skills, the background of the personnel and the number of participants.
3.2Supplementary Courses
A number of courses exist, which are not directly related to Safety Management, but which can be used with benefits in the safety area. These courses are mainly within the quality and risk management domains.
Most important and recommendable are:
- International quality auditor certification
- Risk Management
- Language training.
Also courses within financial and economic management can be used with great advantage especially when safety benefits are to be quantified.
These courses are offered both on an international as well as on a national basis and are not specifically included in the training plan.
4Generic Training Plan
4.1Course/Training Levels
Each category of staff to be trained in connection with the Safety Management needs to pass a specific number of courses in order to have the necessary background for performing his/her activities. However, not all courses might be relevant as this depends on the background of the person.
However, it is vital to understand that the Safety Awareness and the willingness to use the Safety Management System are directly linked to the knowledge of the procedures and concepts. For that reason it is recommendable to perform extensive training in the built up of the Safety Management System and Safety Culture and to maintain Safety Training as a continuous process in the organization as an integrated element in the Human Resource area.
The table below presents the relationship between the different training levels and the courses each individual has to participate in.