Election and Campaigns
- First ______following the first Monday in November- ______Day
- Electoral Votes- votes of the electors (______)
- Total number of representatives a state has in the House of Representatives and the Senate.
- The total number of electoral votes are ______(435 in HOR+ 100 Senate+ 3 for DC=538
- A candidate needs ______electoral votes to win the presidency
- VA has 13; CA 54; NY 33; TX 31; FL 25; RI 3--- a candidate must campaign harder in large states (states that have a large number of electoral votes because they must get to the 270 needed to win the presidency.
- ______is when the electors vote. The Monday after the second Wednesday in December.
- ______votes-the People’s vote. The candidate who wins the most votes in a state wins all of the states electoral votes
4. Federal Election Campaign Acts-
- A presidential candidate can receive ______funding for elections
- A______is set on how much a candidate can spend
- Candidates must disclose or record all spending
- ______(PAC)-organizations that financially support candidates
- A PAC can only donate up to $5000 to one candidate
- “______”—unlimited amounts of money that a group can give to a political party; not to an individual
- ______bill—legislation to limit “soft money”
- Candidates and the media- the media can give a positive or negative image for candidates.
- The first televised ______was in 1960 between Kennedy and Nixon
- ______voters of the electorate- Electorate- people entitled to vote
- Campaigned are aimed towards the undecided voter because they do not know how they will vote.
THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
- Article II, Section 1—Established the______. It provided that each state would choose electors. They would meet and cast votes for two presidential candidates
- The Original System—Candidates receiving a majority of the electoral votes would be President. Candidates with the ______votes would be Vice President
- Problem—the President and Vice President could come from different political parties
- The ______—fixed the problem with the original system. Electors would case separate ballots for President and Vice President
- ______-Candidates from a political party run for President & Vice President together
- # in Electoral College—538===435(House of Representatives) + 100 (Senators) + 3 (DC)
- Winning-the Presidential candidates must have a majority of electoral votes to win—270
- The______—when electors vote
- Monday after the Second Wednesday in December at the Capitol Building
- ______—both houses of Congress meet in the House Chamber to count ballots.
- Election by the House—if a tie occurs in the Electoral votes or no candidates gets a majority, the House of Representatives votes
- Each of the ______gets one vote—the candidate with the majority wins
- If a tie occurs in the House vote—the Vice President breaks the tie
- Ideas for reforming the Electoral College--
- ______—candidates receive a vote for each district won (ex:VA has 11 districts—McCain gets 4 electoral votes for the 4 districts won/Obama gets 7 electoral votes for the 7 districts won. No winner take all)
- ______—candidate wins the percentage of electoral votes based on the % of the popular vote (ex: If Obama won 60% of the electoral vote in VA, then he would get 60% of VA 13 electoral votes and McCain would get 40% of VA’s electoral votes)
- ______the Electoral College—the popular vote would determine the president
Suffrage (the right to vote) barriers (19-3)
- Before the American Revolution-______ who didn’t own property could not vote (ONLY ADULT WHITE MALES WHO OWNED PROPERTY COULD VOTE)
- Early 1800-______tests for voting were outlawed
- Mid 1800s-all adult males who were white could vote
- 1870- ______(no state could deprive any citizen the right to vote on the basis of race)
- ______clause (could not vote, if grandfather had not voted before 1867)
- ______tests (reading/writing tests to vote)
- ______tax (pay a tax to vote)
- 1915- Supreme Court ruled the grandfather clause was unconstitutional
- 1919-______ gave women the right to vote
- 1965 –Voting Rights Act of 1965, 1970, 1975, 1982
- Ended literacy tests and poll tax (24th amendment—ended poll taxes)
- Federal government could register voters in districts with less than 50% blacks voting
- Outlawed unfair division of election districts
- Poll watchers
- Ballots printed in Spanish
- 1971-______–lowered the voting age to 18
Voting and Factors that Influence Voting
- Qualifications: ______& US citizen (national); not a convicted ______& legally sane (VA)
- ______: enroll with the appropriate local government
- ticket splitting: voting for candidates from different parties
- ______ballot: secret ballot
- ______ballot/when used: vote without going to the polls----used out of town on election day; hospitalized on election day; physically disabled; jail on a misdemeanor or awaiting trial; religious holiday
- Factors that influence voting :
- ______- age, race, religion, education, income
--cross-pressured voter- one who is caught in conflict between elements in their life
- ______to Political Party-
--straight party voter—always vote with their party
--Strong party voter--usually vote with party
--weak party voter—sometimes vote with party (also may be called an independent
- Issues-the ______keeps us more informed today
- ______- the candidate should have an image of trust, honesty, and a leader