Vocabulary - Camera
SLR: Single Lens Reflex Camera
-Intercahngeable lenses
-Mirror inside the camera that flips up when depressing the shutter release button
-complete manual control of f-stop and shutter speed
Aperture: The size of the opening in the lens
F-stop: The # that correlates with the aperture size; this determines:
-how much light comes into the camera
-depth of field
-lower #’s =more light
-lower #’s=less depth of field
The sequence of numbers is usually:
22 16 11 8 5.6 4 3.5
Higher Numbers Lower Numbers
Less Light More Light
Higher Depth of Field Lower Depth of Field
Depth of Field: The amount of depth of space that will be in focus in your photo
Shutter Speed: The length of time the shutter in you camera stays open allowing light to reach the film.
Lower #’s=more light
Higher #’s stop action
Below 60 need a tripod
The sequence of numbers is usually: 30 60 125 250 500
______
Slower Shutter Speed Faster Shutter Speed
Light Meter:A meter reading visible in your camera view finder that indicates if enough light is coming into your camera to give a full range of value in your photo
-Centered is proper exposure
-+ too much light
-- not enough light
-you do not need to read the light meter when using flash or bulb settings
-you need to take a reading with EVERY photo you take
NOTE- centered light meter DOES NOT indicate a “good” picture, only balanced exposure.
You MUST check your settings AFTER achieving balance in your light meter to ensure appropriate depth of field
Film Processing Sequence
FILL CANISTER WITH 20 ounces of chemical
Processing Agents
Developer: 10 minutes total
Agitate first 30 seconds then
5 out of every 30 seconds
Stop Bath: 30 seconds total
Agitate throughout
Fixer: 10 minutes total
Agitiate first 30 seconds then
5 out of every 60 seconds
AFTER THE FIXER IT IS SAFE FOR LIGHT
TO REACH THE FILM
Cleaning Agents:
1 Minute Cold Water Rinse
Hypo-Clear: 1 minute, agitate throughout
5 Minute Cold Water Rinse
Photo-Flo: 30 seconds-twirl
30 seconds standing
Paper Processing Sequence
Developer: 1 ½ minutes, agitate throughout
Stop Bath: 5 seconds, agitate throughout
Fixer: 2 minutes, agitate throughout
Water Rinse: 5 Minutes
Understanding the Chemicals
Film Chemicals
Developer:
Dilutes 1:9
Color: Pale Yellow
Smell: No Smell
You know it has expired when it turns dark yellow/brown
Stop Bath:
Dilutes 1:9
Color: Bright Yellow Yellow
Smell: Smells like vinegar
You know it has expired when it turns dark blue/purple
Fixer:
Dilutes 2:8
Color: Clear
Smell: No Smell
You know it has expired when the stop bath expires (same shelf life)
Darkroom Chemicals:
FILM DEVELOPER AND PAPER DEVELOPER ARE NOT THE SAME!!! DO NOT MIX THEM UP!
ALL darkroom chemicals dilute at a ratio of 1:9
Vocabulary – Processing Film and Paper
Test Strip: a strip of paper that determines correct f-stop and exposure time for a print in the darkroom.
-test strips are made a t 5 second intervals
-the lightest value on a test strip indicates the least amount of time
Contact Sheet:a print of all of your negatives;
-used to determine composition, focus and lighting in images
-- used to determine which images to print
Emulsion: Light sensitive chemical on the surface of film and photographic paper
-On film it is on the non-shiny side of the film; this side should be facing down in the enlarger
-On paper it is the shiny side; this side should be facing up in the enlarger
Agitate:Moving the chemicals across the surface of the emulsion to ensure even, consistent processing.
Darkroom Clean Up Checklist
Cover the enlarger with the plastic bag
Throw out all scraps and garbage
Turn off all surge bars
Turn off the water
Remove all prints from the water and
hang them on the line.
If there are dry prints on the line, remove them and place them in the bin for the class before yours
Pour all chemicals back into the CORRECT BOTTLE
Clean each tray with a sponge and DRY WITH A PAPER TOWEL
Sponge off the counter as well as cabinets and floor area that may have been splashed with chemicals