2008 Matt Cvijanovich Memorial Novice Tournament
Packet by Illinois (Mike Sorice)
Tossups
1. The lead-up to this conflict saw acquisition by one party of a strip of land southeast from Harbin, which led to another party being forced to abdicate privileges gained in the Treaty of Shimonoseki, especially a lease on Lü-shun. Over 160,000 troops died in the final land battle of this war, Mukden. One side’s incompetent leadership included a commander who surrendered a siege with over three months of supplies remaining, thus losing Port Arthur. The Trans-Siberian Railroad was am important supply route for one party to this war, whose loss provoked the issuance of the October Manifesto. This war was decided by the naval Battle of Tsushima, after which negotiations for the Treaty of Portsmouth began. For 10 points, name this war of 1904-1905 named for the two world powers involved.
ANSWER: the Russo-Japanese War
2. One analogue to this rule is named for Hopkinson and has constant of proportionality the reluctance; this rule and Hopkinson’s law may be combined for a circulating magnetic field in a plasma to analyze a namesake form of heating. A generalization of this equation states that the current density equals the sum over n from 1 to infinity of the nth conductivity tensor acting on the nth direct product of the electric field; truncating to first order gives the microscopic form of this law, j equals sigma E, which may be averaged to give the more familiar lumped circuit form. For 10 points, name this physical law that says that the voltage drop is the current times the resistance, or V equals I R; a law named for a German high school teacher.
ANSWER: Ohm’s law
3. One work by this person sees the white-bonnet title figure at right being handed a coin by a man with his red-coated left arm on her shoulder. Two similarly themed works of his have checkered floors; in one, the recipient of the titular instruction can be seen in a mirror as the sits in front of a viola da gamba; in another, a woman in green at left sings while woman at center plays a harpsichord with a painted lid. In addition to The Procuress, The Music Lesson, and The Concert, this artist created a work in which four figures have disembarked across from a cathedral, and another in which a laureate blue-draped model holds a trumpet, which leads to her misidentification as Clio. Thus described are this painter’s View of Delft and The Art of Painting. For 10 points, name this major Dutch painter of the second half of the seventeenth century.
ANSWER: Jan Vermeer van Delft [or Johannes Vermeer van Delft]
4. A collection of this person’s short plays is entitled The Other Shore; other collections of short works include one entitled after a bird, A Pigeon Called Red Beak, and one containing stories about a cyclist being hit by a bus and about a swimmer almost drowning to find he is not at all missed. “The Accident” and “Cramp” appear along with the titular story about a mnemonic fiberglass object in his A Fishing Rod for My Grandpa. Busses are a recurring theme in his work: a bus features in his controversial Fugatives; one of his best-known plays is Bus Stop; and probably his best-known work begins with a man purportedly stricken with cancer buying an old bus to undertake a journey to the titular Buddhist-Daoist shrine, Soul Mountain. For 10 points, name this Sino-French author, the winner of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Literature.
ANSWER: Gao Xingjian
5. Called the Firstborn of Chaos, this being owns an object made of bees and sugarcane and shoots missiles comprised of flowers. This deity’s wife Rati was compelled at one point to beg for his resurrection after he was killed in an episode that resulted in his obtaining the epithet Ananga; in that adventure, he intervened on behalf of Parvati and was then burned to ashes by Shiva’s third eye since Shiva’s meditation was interrupted by the passions that this god aroused. For 10 points, name this Hindu love god perhaps best known for a namesake object intended for devotees of his art, a book or sutra.
ANSWER: Kama
6. One leader opposed to this claims of this person was Kaidu, who denied him the use of Turkestan. This ruler served by Uriyangqadai and Bayan deserted a siege in Nanchao in order to preempt Arigböge, his brother, which he did in the kuriltai of Shang-tu that was organized on the death of Möngke. His early acts in his best-known role included demands of tribute from Annam, Champa, Java, and Japan, refusal from the last of which led to the dispatch of eventually destroyed fleets in 1274 and 1281. The successor to the Sung that this khagan founded would rule until 1368. For 10 points, name this founder of the Yüan Dynasty, a grandson of Genghis Khan.
ANSWER: Kublai Khan [or Setsen Khan]
7. The memory usage of this algorithm can be greatly improved by the use of an in-place partition algorithm. It experiences linear parallelization speedup after pre-processing because it is a strong divide-and-conquer algorithm; the essential step of that pre-processing is choosing pivots. Invented by Hoar, it has drawbacks including numerical instability and a quadratic worst case corresponding to it changing nothing, but that worst-case can be ameliorated by using the competing mergesort at a certain level of refinement. For 10 points, name this sorting algorithm the common name of which refers to its celerity.
ANSWER: quicksort [accept Hoar’s algorithm before “Hoar”]
8. One work by this person resulted in a response from his first wife regarding what he didn’t say. Another of this writer’s works recounts the War of the Quandos. Another militaristic novel by this author contains a thinly veiled portrait of the Leoncio Prado Military Academy. This novelist promoted the theory of what he called the “total novel,” which simultaneously exposited all strata of society; his first “total novel” by his own account is Conversion in the Cathedral, which was proceeded by Time of the Hero and followed by The War of the End of the World and Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter. For 10 points, name this major figure of El Boom and later Presidential candidate in his native Peru.
ANSWER: Mario Vargas Llosa [neither accept nor prompt on partial answers]
9. The second of these pieces was actually written about ten years before the first, at the same time as a never-published piece in the same form that shares the key signature of the fifth of these, E-flat major. The fourth of these works was premiered along with a notable Choral Fantasia, but went unperformed from then until its 1836 revival by Mendessohn. The third of these works was premiered along with the oratorio Christ on the Mount of Olives and its composer’s Second Symphony. All of these works contain cadenzas written by the composer himself. The last two are dedicated to the composer’s patron, Archduke Rudolph, a fact which, along with its great length, led to the fifth and last of these works being nicknamed the Emperor.For 10 points, name these virtuosic keyboard works for orchestra and soloist by an Austrian composer.
ANSWER: Beethoven’s piano concertos [or Beethoven’s piano concerti; prompt on partial answers]
10. A recent book discussing this nation’s Presidential election is You Must Set Forth at Dawn, which discusses the fraud at the heart of the administration of Umar Musa Yar’Adua. Recent troubles in this country have centered on a
group partially led by Ateke Tom, which has been undertaking raids in its Rivers State near Port Harcourt, near a region from which Royal Dutch Shell employees have been kidnapped, the delta of its namesake river. For 10 points, name this oil-rich nation long ruled by Olusegun Obasanjo; a large nation of west central Africa.
ANSWER: the Federal Republic of Nigeria
11. Similarly titled novels with this titular phenomenon include one about a newspaperman who leaves his wife Bernice and assumes the name Bruce Dudley and another about a Berliner named Albinus. A work novel with this as the second titular concept is a series of interlinked stories including Lost Letters, about Mirek’s blunder of not burning diaries, and The Border, in which Jan is kicked out an orgy due to it. In addition to Sherwood Anderson’s Joyce-inspired novel about the Dark kind of it, Nabokov’s novel about it in the Dark, and Kundera’s book that pairs it with Forgetting, this phenomenon is central to a painting that has a companion piece in Judith Leyster’s The Merry Toper. For 10 points, name this human reaction exhibited by the title character of a piece by Franz Hals, a certain Cavalier.
ANSWER: laughter [or laughing; accept other word forms]
12. This person was lampooned as a “pantalooned Emily Dickinson” for his collection Early Trains, which followed a drastic change in style with Second Birth. His cycle Rupture was published during his correspondence with Rilke and Tsvetaeva, whom this writer greatly influenced with a work containing poems “To the Memory of a Demon” and stating a “Definition of Poetry.” However, My Sister Life is not so popular as a work in which Viktor Komarovsky has murdered the title character’s father and seduced his eventual lover, Larisa Guishar or Lara; that book isDr. Zhivago. For 10 points, name this winner of the 1958 Novel Prize in Literature; a twentieth-century Russian.
ANSWER: Boris Leonedivich Pasternak
13. An atypical 1904 work of this person was designed to abut railways for the Larkin Company; a more characteristic work from the same period was designed as a “cube of light” facing inwards from the noise busy Lake Street and is known as the Unity Temple. The complex that is now the Hollywood Municipal Art Gallery was designed by this architect on commission from Aline Barnsdall shortly he designed a building having a floating cantilever that allowed it to survive an earthquake, the Imperial Hotel of Tokyo. Taliesin was the studio of this artist perhaps most famous for the design of Fallingwater. For 10 points, name this exemplar of the Prairie style; a notable American architect.
ANSWER: Frank Lloyd Wright [or Frank Lincoln Wright]
14. This group’s social practices, codified in the nineteenth century, include a unique hierarchical form of levirate polygyny and also the practice of appointing induna. One leader of these people inaugurated the practice of building kraal, which proved so successful the it led to the Mfecane, or crushing, of this empire’s rivals. An important early group of them was led by Dingiswayo. Much later, their namesake war of 1879 saw Cetshwayo as their king; their defeat in that war led to their namesake kingdom being annexed to Natal. For 10 points, name this group most notably led by a man whose name means “intestinal parasite,” Shaka; a notable nation of southern Africa.
ANSWER: the Zulu
15. The utility of the reaction for which these chemicals are a reactant is limited by the Boord olefin synthesis, which provides an alternative pathway that ends with alkenes; that reaction ends with water attacking these compounds’ characteristic group to leave a hydroxyl. These compounds are usually found in solutions of tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether because they dissociate in a reaction governed by the Schlenk equilibrium and are commonly synthesized by the reaction of tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether on a group two metal. The original form of these compounds was a phenyl bromide, but any halide can be used; they are defined as alkyl- or aryl-magnesium halides. For 10 points, name these highly reactive organomagnesium nucleophilic halides usually named for the 1912 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry, a French organic chemist.
ANSWER: Grignard reagents [or Grignard compounds; accept organomagnesium reagents or organomagnesium compounds before “magnesium”; accept organometallic reagents or organometallic compounds before “Nobel Prize”]
16. Creation in this chemical of so-called “rises” can be accomplished by daunomycin, doxorubicin, ethidium bromide, and other intercalating agents, which disrupt its monomers by fitting between them. One class of enzymes acting on it includes the UNG and SMUG families, glycosylases that remove a certain unmethylated pyrimidine. Other enzymes operating on this organic polymer include the complimentary set of restriction enzymes and ligases as well as topoisomerases and helicases, which are named for this molecule’s structure. For 10 points, name this sugar-nitrogenous base polymer that contains genetic information and has a double helix structure.
ANSWER: deoxyribonucleic acid
17. A strong influence on Fichte’s Doctrine of Science, this work claims that the form of freedom can be experienced through the force of moral law, but that two other concepts have been reduced to “postulates of reason.” The shorter of two works utilizing the familiar structure of a “Doctrine of Elements” followed by a “Methodology,” this work was meant as a demonstrative response to the charge that undermining the synthetic a priori removes the possibility of morality. The application of the principles of this work can be found in Die Metaphysik der Sitten, or The Metaphysics of Morals, since it deals with ethics in terms of a required practical component of knowledge. For 10 points, name this work by Immanuel Kant, the second of his major critiques.
ANSWER: Critique of Practical Reason [or Kritik der praktischen Vernunft]
18. Some of this thinker’s ideas were refuted in a study coded six point zero zero one, which attacked the idea of the LAD using a test subject partly named for him. One principle espoused by this student of Zelig Harris is often illustrated with the sentence “The shooting of the psychologist was horrible,” which can be understood in terms of street crime or basketball and therefore demonstrates divergent deep structures; another concept attributable to this thinker is a set of rules for changing between surface structures to deep structures. He is the author of Syntactic Structures, which introduced the concept of the aforementioned transformational generative grammars. For 10 points, name this linguist long of MIT.
ANSWER: Avram Noam Chomsky
19. One stricture accompanying this event is extended by one forty-eighth of a day in its namesake tosefet, part of its Erev, which is sometimes accompanied by a mincha and usually by a mikvah. One obligation for this day is to study a service in which the Tetragrammaton was pronounced several times and the blood of a bull and goat sprinkled in the perfumed Holy of Holies. This event sees the only wearing of a tallis for an evening service; married men also wear a kittel, but not leather. A shofar is blown for the service accompanying this holiday, special prayers for which include the Ne’ilah and the Kol Nidre, which renounces all vows. For 10 points, name this Jewish Day of Atonement.
ANSWER: Yom Kippur [accept Day of Atonement before it’s mentioned and prompt on it afterwards]
20. One section in this work discusses a “whole boatload of sensitive bullshit” that has “gone down the American river!” The second section of this work likens “Solitude! Filth! Ugliness! Ashcans and unobtainable dollars!” to a Canaanite god to whom children were sacrificed by fire, Moloch. The composer of this work claimed that its meter is meant to imitate Lester Young. The last part claims that the author is “in Rockland” with the poem’s dedicatee, Carl Solomon. For 10 points, name this poem, perhaps the best known by Alan Ginsberg; his lamentation for his generation.
ANSWER: “Howl”
21. The essential predecessor of this group ceased to be truly solvent after the passage of the Representation of the People Act, after which this political group adopted the plan of Sidney and Beatrice Webb, members of the Fabian Society. One notable leader of this party balked it in the wake of the Crisis of 1924; another executed masterful coalition building in order to ensure accession to the EEC in 1975. Besides Harold Wilson and James Ramsay McDonald, this party’s leaders include Clement Atlee, who created the National Health Service in a move typical of its quasi-Socialist agenda. For 10 points, name this British political party, the rivals of the Liberals and Conservatives, which was created to represent members of trade unions and other working-class people.
ANSWER: the Labour Party
Bonuses
1. Based on a thirteenth-century manuscript found in a namesake Benedictine abbey of Bavaria, this scenic cantata features sections hailing the most beautiful and offering the world in exchange for the embrace of the queen of England. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this musical work the best-known section of which is probably “O Fortuna.”
ANSWER: Carmina Burana, scenic cantata for soloists, choruses & orchestra
[10] This composer of Book for Children achieved his greatest fame with Carmina Burana.
ANSWER: Carl Orff
[10] The poems used in Carmina Burana are attributed to this wandering group of clerics and students of Medieval England, France, and Germany, purportedly followers of a namesake legendary bishop.