PAP Chemistry Fall Final Exam Review SheetName:______

Matter

  1. Define each of the following and give 2 examples.
  2. Physical change
  3. Define:
  1. Examples:
  1. Chemical change
  2. Define:
  1. Examples:
  1. Intensive property
  2. Define:
  1. Examples:
  1. Extensive property
  2. Define:
  1. Examples:
  1. Describe what happens during a phase change. What happens to temperature?

Atoms

  1. Identify the scientist who…
  2. ______Discovered the electron by using cathode ray tubes
  3. ______Said that electrons move in fixed orbits around the nucleus.
  4. ______Conducted the gold foil experiment and found the nucleus and that atoms were mostly empty space.
  1. What two things does the atomic number tell you about a neutral atom?
  1. An atom has 5 protons, 7 electrons and 6 neutrons. What is the mass number of this ion?
  1. A neutral atom of an element with an atomic number of 52 and a mass number of 108 would have how many protons, neutrons and electrons?
  1. An element has the following isotopes and percent abundances:

X-210 (24%, 210.11 amu)

X-211 (15%, 211.35 amu)

X-213 (61%, 212.999 amu)

What is the average atomic mass of this element?

Periodic Table

  1. A horizontal row on the periodic table is called a ______.
  2. A vertical column on the periodic table is called a ______.
  3. Elements in the same ______have similar chemical properties.
  4. Name the following groups:
  5. Group 1A ______
  6. Group 2A ______
  7. Group 7A ______
  8. Group 8A ______

Electrons

  1. What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency? ______
  1. Given that the speed of light is 3.00 x 108 m/s, what is the frequency of light that has a wavelength of 6.20 x 10-7m?
  1. How can you tell if an atom is paramagnetic? Give an example.
  1. How many valence electrons are present in the electron configuration [Ar] 4s23d104p3?
  1. Is the following electron configuration showing electrons in the ground state, an excited state or an impossible state? 1S22s22p43s23p3
  1. Is the following electron configuration showing electrons in the ground state, an excited state or an impossible state? 1S22s22p63s23p6
  1. What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the follow energy levels?

1st ______electrons

2nd ______electrons

3rd______electrons

4th ______electrons

  1. Which rule of electron configurations can never be violated? ______
  2. What would be the quantum numbers for the last electron in Titanium?

n= ___ l= ___ml=___ms=___

  1. Write the ground state electron configurations for the following atoms:

P______

C ______

Br ______

Ne ______

Periodic Trends

  1. Define
Electronegativity / Explain trend / Draw the trend

  1. Define
First Ionization Energy / Explain trend / Draw the trend

  1. Define
Atomic Radii / Explain trend / Draw the trend

Bonding

  1. Which factor is most important when looking at changes in trends as you move …up and down a group?
  2. Which factor is most important when looking at changes in trends as you move across a period?
  1. What happens to electrons in an ionic bond?
  1. What happens to electrons in a covalent bond?
  1. What happens to electrons in a metallic bond?
  1. Draw Lewis Structures for the following compounds. If they are covalent, state the shape and polarity.

O2 / F2
NH3 / H2O
CCl4 / CO2

Nomenclature

  1. What are the prefixes used for naming covalent compounds?
  1. What is the correct formula for triphosphorous dichloride?
  1. What is the correct name for NO3?
  2. What is the formula for calcium nitride?
  1. What is the name for MgCl2?
  1. What is the name for H2NO2?
  1. What is the formula for lead II cyanide?
  1. What is the formula for hypochlorous acid?

Chemical Reactions

  1. What are the coefficients that would correctly balance this reaction?

_____Sn(SO4)2 + _____Al _____Al2(SO4)3 + _____Sn

  1. What are the coefficients that would correctly balance this equation?

_____NH4NO3______N2O+______H2O

  1. Which coefficients are required to correctly balance the equation, C4H10+ O2 CO2 + H2O ?
  1. Which product balance the chemical equation below?

2K3PO4+ 3CaCO33K2CO3 + ______

  1. Which type of reaction involves two or more reactants combining to form a single product?
  1. How can you identify a combustion reaction? (What are your reactants and products?
  1. Identify the types of reactions based off of the general equations given.

A + B  AB

AB  A + B

  1. What type of reaction is the following? ______Predict the products and balance.

CuSO4 (aq)+ BaCl2(aq)

  1. An aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide reacts completely with a solution of hydrobromic acid. After all of the water evaporates from the reaction mixture, what will remain?
  1. How can you tell if a precipitation reaction occurred? (What would get produced?)
  1. Predict the outcome: Gold + Sodium Chloride 
  1. What type of reaction is this?2Na + 2H2O H2 + 2NaOH
  1. In a reaction between lithium sulfate and magnesium chloride, what will be produced? (Write your answer in words and symbols.)
  1. Which of the following represents a precipitation reaction? (Hint: Remember that precipitation is a type of double replacement reaction.)

CaCO3(s)CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

Ca(OH)2(aq)+ H3PO4(aq)Ca3(PO4)2(aq)+ H2O (l)

Mg (s)+ O2(g)MgO (s)

Pb(NO3)2(aq)+ K2CrO4(aq) PbCrO4(s) + KNO3(aq)

  1. What is the balanced equation for the combustion of propane, C3H8?
  1. Salts containing PO4-3 are usually ______(Soluble or Insoluble) in water.
  1. Predict the outcome: Ba + CaF2 
  1. Use the solubility rules to determine the insoluble precipitate formed when RbI is combined with AgNO3.
  1. What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between magnesium chlorate and lithium sulfate?