GUIDED READING Chapter 13
The War Front
Directions: Use the information on page 236 to complete the following statements.
1. President Lincoln and many northerners thought secession was illegal because there was nothing in the Constitution about withdrawing from the Union.
2. The North’s strategy for winning the war included capturing Richmond, blockading southern ports, and controlling the Mississippi River.
Directions: Use the information under The Early Campaigns in Western Virginia, pages 236-237, to complete the following statements.
3. Western Virginia was important in the war effort because the B&O Railroad was located there. The railroad was important for the movement of troops and supplies.
4. The eastern panhandle included part of the Shenandoah Valley, which was needed to access a convenient north-south route for the armies.
5. The saltworks along the Kanawha River were important.
6. The division of Virginia would be a military and political victory.
Directions: Use the information under The Philippi Races, page 238, to complete the following statements.
7. General George McClellan crossed the Ohio River and moved troops into western Virginia to protect the B&O.
8. Confederate leader Colonel George Porterfield moved to Philippi.
9. Union Colonel Benjamin Kelley came to join McClellan.
10. The Confederates were routed and fled to Beverly in Randolph County.
11. The battle is often called “the Philippi races” because the southern soldiers fled so quickly.
12. The battle at Philippi is also sometimes called the first land battle of the Civil War.
Directions: Use the information under The Battle of Rich Mountain, pages 238-240, to complete the following statements.
13. Southern troops were placed under General Robert S. Garnett after the defeat at Philippi.
Directions (cont.): Use the information under The Battle of Rich Mountain, pages 238-240, to complete the following statements.
14. Garnett planned to attack the B&O at Clarksburg, Grafton, and Rowlesburg.
15. To keep the Confederates away from the B&O, McClellan told Genreal Thomas Morris to hold Garnett on Laurel Hill while General William Rosecrans held the Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike.
16. Rosecrans attacked the Confederates under Lt. Colonel John Pegram at Rich Mountain.
17. General Garnett headed toward Maryland, but he was killed in a battle at
Corrick’s Ford, near Parsons.
18. The Battle of Rich Mountain allowed the Restored Government of Virginia to operate safely so it could plan the formation of West Virginia.
Directions: Use the information under The Battle of Scary Creek, pages 240-241, to complete the following statements.
19. Former Governor Henry Wise believed the Confederates could gain control of the KanawhaValley because there was strong sentiment for the South in the region.
20. General McClellan sent General Jacob Cox to intercept Wise’s army.
21. Cox met Wise’s army at Scary Creek between St. Albans and Winfield.
22. Wise won the battle at Scary Creek.
23. After the victory, the Confederates retreated to White Sulphur Springs.
Directions: Use the information under The Battle of Forks and Spoons, pages 241-242, to complete the following statements.
24.General Rosecrans succeeded McClellan as commander of the Union’s northwestern
Virginia army.
25. Kesler’s Cross Lanes is located near Summersville.
26. The Battle at Kesler’s Cross Lanes is sometimes called the “Battle of Forks and Spoons” because those were the only weapons the Union troops had in their hands at the time of the attack.
Directions: Use the information under The Battle of Carnifex Ferry, pages 242-243, to complete the following statements.
27. After Rosecrans attacked the Confederates at Summersville, the southerners retreated to Carnifex Ferry.
28. The outcome of the battle of Carnifex Ferry was decided when Floyd retreated across the Gauley River.
Directions: Use the information under General Lee’s Visit, pages 243-244, to complete the following statements.
29. Lee hoped to recapture the Monongahela Valley.
30. Lee faced many problems, however, including torrential rains, freezing temperatures, mud, and measles epidemic.
31. Lee’s plans were unsuccessful and so he moved to Lewisburg, leaving all of western
Virginia in Union hands.
32. It has been said that the only good thing that happened to Lee in western Virginia was that he purchased Traveller.
33. The horse was purchased for $200 from Major Thomas Broun.
Directions: Use the information under The Battles for Control of the Railroad, pages 244-245, to complete the following statements.
34. In 1862, the new Union commander in western Virginia was General John C. Fremont.
35. The new commander resigned after he was defeated by General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson while attempting to take the B&O.
36. When the Confederates gained control of the railroad in October 1862, they destroyed over35 miles of track.
Directions: Use the information under The Jenkins Raid, pages 245-246, to complete the following statements.
37. Confederate General William Loring sent Albert Gallatin Jenkins on a cavalry raid in the Kanawha Valley.
38. Jenkins was a native of Cabell County.
Directions (cont.): Use the information under The Jenkins Raid, pages 245-246, to complete the following statements.
39. Jenkins’s raid started in Monroe County.
40. During his raid, Jenkins seized 5,000 stands of arms. A stand of arms is a complete outfit of weapons for a soldier.
41. Jenkins’s raid made the Union forces realized how weak they were.
42. The raid also convinced General Loring that he could take the
Kanawha Valley.
Directions: Use the information under The Jones-Imboden Raid, page 246, to complete the following statements.
43. The last major action of the Civil War in West Virginia was led by John Imboden, and William Jones.
44. The objectives of the raid were to overthrow the Restored Government of Virginia, destroy the usefulness of the B&O, acquire supplies, and recruit troops.
45. The raid was a military success, but it did not achieve its political objective of
overthrowing the Restored Government of Virginia.
Directions: Use the information under The War Moves Out of West Virginia, page 247, to complete the following statements.
46. After the Battle of Gettysburg, the only fighting in West Virginia took place around
Salem and Droop Mountain.
47. Union General William Averell defeated Confederate General John Echols at
Droop Mountain.
48. Droop Mountain became a state park because a private who fought in the battle,
John Sutton, convinced the state legislature to approve a study to commemorate the Civil War battlefield.
49. During the Civil War, an estimated 10,000 West Virginians served in the Confederate army and about 25,000 served in the Union army.
50. Martin Delany became the first black major in the United States Army.
Directions: Use the information under Belle Boyd, pages 250-251, to complete the following statements.
51. Belle Boyd grew up in Martinsburg.
52. Belle overheard Union officers discussing strategies to defeat General Stonewall Jackson while she was visiting her aunt.
53. The information Belle gathered enabled the Confederates to defeat the Union forces at Strasburg.
54. On a trip to England, Belle was to carry secret papers from Jefferson Davis to the
British government.
55. In her later years, Belle performed in an act as “the Rebel Spy”.
Directions: Use the information under Nathan Goff, Jr., pages 251-252, to complete the following statements.
56. Nathan Goff was born in Clarksburg.
57. During the Civil War, Goff served on the side of the Union.
58. Goff ’s experience as a prisoner led to a new policy in releasing and exchanging soldiers on a man-to-man basis.
Directions: Use the information under Nancy Hart, pages 252-253, to complete the following statments.
59. Nancy Hart was a bushwhacker who specialized in harassment and
sabotage.
60. Nancy lived for a while in Roane County in western Virginia.
61. Nancy joined the Moccasin Rangers.
62. After the war, Nancy and her husband settled in Greenbrier County.
Directions: Use the information under Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, pages 253-255, to complete the following statements.
63. Stonewall Jackson was born in Clarksburg.
64. Jackson grew up along the West Fork River in Lewis County.
65. A month after his graduation from West Point, Jackson served in the Mexican War.
66. In 1852, Jackson began teaching at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI).
Directions (cont.): Use the information under Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson, pages 253-255, to complete the following statements.
67. Jackson had no strong beliefs about slavery, but he did not like the actions of abolitionists.
68. Jackson received his nickname “Stonewall” at the Battle of Bull Run (Manassas).
69. Jackson died from wounds he received at Chancellorsville.
Directions: Use the information under Albert Jenkins, pages 255-256, to complete the following statements.
70. Jenkins’s family estate was named Green Bottom.
71. Albert G. Jenkins graduated from Harvard Law School and was elected to the
U.S. Congress in 1856.
72. Jenkins became a captain of the 8th Virginia Cavalry when the Civil War broke out.
73. Jenkins was wounded at Gettysburg, and Cloyd’s Mountain.
Gettysburg,
74. Jenkins’s wounds from the battle at Cloyd’s Mountain led to his death.
Directions: Use the information under Joseph A. G. Lightburn, page 256, to complete the following statements.
75. Joseph Lightburn’s family moved to Lewis County when he was 16 years old.
76. Lightburn was a boyhood friend of Stonewall Jackson.
77. Lightburn was involved in the West Virginia statehood movement and was a member of the Second Wheeling Convention.
78. Lightburn was the commander of troops that were defeated by General Loring at
Fayetteville. He also served under U. S. Grant at Vicksburg.
79. Lightburn was elected to the West Virginia Legislature in 1867.
Directions: Use the information under John McCausland, pages 256-257, to complete the following statements.
80. John McCausland came to Mason County after the death of his parents.
81. McCausland taught at VMI.
82. McCausland led a raid on Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.
Directions: Use the information under John McCausland, pages 256-257, to complete the following statements.
83. He was with Lee’s army when the Confederates surrendered at Appomattox Court House.
84. McCausland died on his estate at Pliny in 1927 and is buried near Henderson.
Directions: Use the information under Jesse Reno, page 257, to complete the following statements.
85. Jesse Reno was born in Wheeling.
86. Reno taught at West Point.
87. He died from wounds at the battle of South Mountain in Maryland.