List of Primary References Appraised

MS ID# NEUROLOGY/2010/325472

Appendix e-3

List of Primary References Appraised

A)Serologic studies

1.Prabhakaran, V., Rajshekhar, V., Murrell, K. D., and Oommen, A. Conformation-sensitive immunoassays improve the serodiagnosis of solitary cysticercus granuloma in Indian patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 101: 570-7, 2007.

2.Rajshekhar, V., and Oommen, A. Utility of the cysticercus immunoblot in a patient with an atypical solitary cerebral cysticercus granuloma. Neurol India, 49: 75-7, 2001.

3.Prabhakaran, V., Rajshekhar, V., Murrell, K. D., and Oommen, A. Taenia solium metacestode glycoproteins as diagnostic antigens for solitary cysticercus granuloma in Indian patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 98: 478-84, 2004.

4.Atluri, S. R., Singhi, P., Khandelwal, N., and Malla, N. Evaluation of excretory secretory and 10-30 kDa antigens of Taenia solium Cysticerci by EITB assay for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis. Parasite Immunol, 31: 151-5, 2009.

5.Atluri, S. R., Singhi, P., Khandelwal, N., and Malla, N. Neurocysticercosis immunodiagnosis using Taenia solium cysticerci crude soluble extract, excretory secretory and lower molecular mass antigens in serum and urine samples of Indian children. Acta Trop, 110: 22-7, 2009.

6.Mandal, J., Singhi, P. D., Khandelwal, N., and Malla, N. Evaluation of ELISA and dot blots for the serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis, in children found to have single or multiple enhancing lesions in computerized tomographic scans of the brain. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 100: 39-48, 2006.

7.Malla, N., Kaur, R., Ganguly, N. K., Sawhney, I. M., and Mahajan, R. C. Utility of specific IgG4 response in saliva and serum samples for the diagnosis and follow up of human neurocysticercosis. Nepal Med Coll J, 7: 1-9, 2005.

8.Singh, G., Kaushal, V., Ram, S., Kaushal, R. K., Dhanuka, A. K., and Khurana, S. Cysticercus immunoblot assay in patients with single, small enhancing lesions and multilesional neurocysticercosis. J Assoc Physicians India, 47: 476-9, 1999.

9.Rajshekhar, V., Wilson, M., and Schantz, P. M. Cysticercus immunoblot assay in Indian patients with single small enhancing CT lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 54: 561-2, 1991.

10.Wilson, M., Bryan, R. T., Fried, J. A., Ware, D. A., Schantz, P. M., Pilcher, J. B., and Tsang, V. C. Clinical evaluation of the cysticercosis enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot in patients with neurocysticercosis. J Infect Dis, 164: 1007-9, 1991.

11.Garcia, H. H., Gilman, R. H., Catacora, M., Verastegui, M., Gonzalez, A. E., and Tsang, V. C. Serologic evolution of neurocysticercosis patients after antiparasitic therapy. Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru. J Infect Dis, 175: 486-9, 1997.

12.Mohanty, S., Deb, M., and Aggarwal, P. Neurocysticercosis in a north Indian hospital. Trop Doct, 38: 177-9, 2008.

B) Imaging studies

13.Rajshekhar, V., Chacko, G., Haran, R. P., Chandy, M. J., and Chandi, S. M. Clinicoradiological and pathological correlations in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and epilepsy: focus on presence of the parasite and oedema formation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 59: 284-6, 1995.

14.Rajshekhar, V., and Chandy, M. J. Enlarging solitary cysticercus granulomas. J Neurosurg, 80: 840-3, 1994.

15.Rajshekhar, V., and Chandy, M. J. Comparative study of CT and MRI in patients with seizures and a solitary cerebral cysticercus granuloma. Neuroradiology, 38: 542-6, 1996.

16.Rajshekhar, V., and Chandy, M. J. Validation of diagnostic criteria for solitary cerebral cysticercus granuloma in patients presenting with seizures. Acta Neurol Scand, 96: 76-81, 1997.

17.Rajshekhar, V., Haran, R. P., Prakash, G. S., and Chandy, M. J. Differentiating solitary small cysticercus granulomas and tuberculomas in patients with epilepsy. Clinical and computerized tomographic criteria. J Neurosurg, 78: 402-7, 1993.

18.Kumar, S., Kesavalu, N., and Chandy, E. Periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) in a child with solitary cysticercus granuloma. Neurol India, 52: 523-4, 2004.

19.Sujit Kumar, G. S., and Rajshekhar, V. New solitary cysticercus granulomas causing recurrent symptoms in patients with resolved solitary granulomas. Neurol India, 52: 265-7, 2004.

20.Rajshekhar, V. Cerebral cysticercus granuloma associated with a subdural effusion. Neurol India, 49: 182-4, 2001.

21.Chung, C. K., Lee, S. K., and Chi, J. G. Temporal lobe epilepsy caused by intrahippocampal calcified cysticercus: a case report. J Korean Med Sci, 13: 445-8, 1998.

22.Lath, R., and Rajshekhar, V. Solitary cysticercus granuloma of the brainstem. Report of four cases. J Neurosurg, 89: 1047-51, 1998.

23.Kumar, R., Gupta, R. K., Rathore, R. K., Rao, S. B., Chawla, S., and Pradhan, S. Multiparametric quantitation of the perilesional region in patients with healed or healing solitary cysticercus granuloma. Neuroimage, 15: 1015-20, 2002.

24.Gupta, R. K., Kathuria, M. K., and Pradhan, S. Magnetisation transfer magnetic resonance imaging demonstration of perilesional gliosis--relation with epilepsy in treated or healed neurocysticercosis. Lancet, 354: 44-5, 1999.

25.Chawla, S., Gupta, R. K., Kumar, R., Garg, M., Pradhan, S., Pal, L., Husain, N., Gupta, A., and Rathore, R. K. Demonstration of scolex in calcified cysticercus lesion using gradient echo with or without corrected phase imaging and its clinical implications. Clin Radiol, 57: 826-34, 2002.

26.Chawla, S., Husain, N., Kumar, S., Pal, L., Tripathi, M., and Gupta, R. K. Correlative MR imaging and histopathology in porcine neurocysticercosis. J Magn Reson Imaging, 20: 208-15, 2004.

C) Natural history studies

27.Kaushal, S., Rani, A., Chopra, S. C., and Singh, G. Safety and efficacy of clobazam versus phenytoin-sodium in the antiepileptic drug treatment of solitary cysticercus granulomas. Neurol India, 54: 157-60, 2006.

28.Verma, A., and Misra, S. Outcome of short-term antiepileptic treatment in patients with solitary cerebral cysticercus granuloma. Acta Neurol Scand, 113: 174-7, 2006.

29.Rajshekhar, V., and Jeyaseelan, L. Seizure outcome in patients with a solitary cerebral cysticercus granuloma. Neurology, 62: 2236-40, 2004.

30.Rajshekhar, V. Rate of spontaneous resolution of a solitary cysticercus granuloma in patients with seizures. Neurology, 57: 2315-7, 2001.

31.Singh, G., Ram, S., Kaushal, V., Kumar, S., Bhatia, R. C., Raizada, N., and Kaushal, R. K. Risk of seizures and neurocysticercosis in household family contacts of children with single enhancing lesions. J Neurol Sci, 176: 131-5, 2000.

32.Singh, G., Kaushal, S., Gupta, M., and Chander Chopra, S. Cutaneous reactions in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma on phenytoin sodium. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 75: 331-3, 2004.

33.Rajshekhar, V. Incidence and significance of adverse effects of albendazole therapy in patients with a persistent solitary cysticercus granuloma. Acta Neurol Scand, 98: 121-3, 1998.

34.Kumar, A., Khan, S. A., Khan, S., Das, S., Anurag, and Negi, K. S. A study of neurocysticercosis in the foothills of the Himalayas. Int J Infect Dis, 10: 79-82, 2006.

35.Garg, R. K., Kar, A. M., and Singh, M. K. Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures. Headache, 44: 365-9, 2004.

36.Del Brutto, O. H. Single parenchymal brain cysticercus in the acute encephalitic phase: definition of a distinct form of neurocysticercosis with a benign prognosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 58: 247-9, 1995.

37.Murthy, J. M., and Subba Reddy, Y. V. Prognosis of epilepsy associated with single CT enhancing lesion: a long term follow up study. J Neurol Sci, 159: 151-5, 1998.

38.Murthy, J. M., and Yangala, R. Etiological spectrum of symptomatic localization related epilepsies: a study from South India. J Neurol Sci, 158: 65-70, 1998.

39.Murthy, J. Seizures associated with solitary cysticercus granuloma: antiepileptic drugs for how long? Neurol India, 54: 141-2, 2006.

40.Pradhan, S., Kathuria, M. K., and Gupta, R. K. Perilesional gliosis and seizure outcome: a study based on magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging in patients with neurocysticercosis. Ann Neurol, 48: 181-7, 2000.

41.Sethi, P. K., Kumar, B. R., Madan, V. S., and Mohan, V. Appearing and disappearing CT scan abnormalities and seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 48: 866-9, 1985.

42.Wadia, R. S., Makhale, C. N., Kelkar, A. V., and Grant, K. B. Focal epilepsy in India with special reference to lesions showing ring or disc-like enhancement on contrast computed tomography. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 50: 1298-301, 1987.

43.Chopra, J. S., Sawhney, I. M., Suresh, N., Prabhakar, S., Dhand, U. K., and Suri, S. Vanishing CT lesions in epilepsy. J Neurol Sci, 107: 40-9, 1992.

44.Ahuja, G. K., Behari, M., Prasad, K., Goulatia, R. K., and Jailkhani, B. L. Disappearing CT lesions in epilepsy: is tuberculosis or cysticercosis the cause? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 52: 915-6, 1989.

45.Bhargava, S., and Tandon, P. N. Intracranial tuberculomas: a CT study. Br J Radiol, 53: 935-45, 1980.

46.Chandy, M. J., Rajshekhar, V., Prakash, S., Ghosh, S., Joseph, T., Abraham, J., and Chandi, S. M. Cysticercosis causing single, small CT lesions in Indian patients with seizures. Lancet, 1: 390-1, 1989.

47.Mitchell, W. G., and Crawford, T. O. Intraparenchymal cerebral cysticercosis in children: diagnosis and treatment. Pediatrics, 82: 76-82, 1988.

48.Thussu, A., Arora, A., Prabhakar, S., Lal, V., and Sawhney, I. M. Acute symptomatic seizures due to single CT lesions: how long to treat with antiepileptic drugs? Neurol India, 50: 141-4, 2002.

49.Gupta, M., Agarwal, P., Khwaja, G. A., Chowdhury, D., Sharma, B., Bansal, J., and Anand, S. Randomized prospective study of outcome of short term antiepileptic treatment in small single enhancing CT lesion in brain. Neurol India, 50: 145-7, 2002.

50.Singh, G., Sachdev, M. S., Tirath, A., Gupta, A. K., and Avasthi, G. Focal cortical-subcortical calcifications (FCSCs) and epilepsy in the Indian subcontinent. Epilepsia, 41: 718-26, 2000.

51.Carpio, A., and Hauser, W. A. Prognosis for seizure recurrence in patients with newly diagnosed neurocysticercosis. Neurology, 59: 1730-4, 2002.

52.Kumar Garg, R. Risk of seizure recurrence in patients with neurocysticercosis. Natl Med J India, 16: 90-1, 2003.

53.Singh, M. K., Garg, R. K., Nath, G., Verma, D. N., and Misra, S. Single small enhancing computed tomographic (CT) lesions in Indian patients with new-onset seizures. A prospective follow-up in 75 patients. Seizure, 10: 573-8, 2001.

54.Kumar, R., Kumar, A., Kohli, N., Pant, M. C., Govil, Y. C., and Sharma, B. Ring or disc-like enhancing lesions in partial epilepsy in India. J Trop Pediatr, 36: 131-4, 1990.

55.Garg, R. K., and Nag, D. Single ring- or disk-enhancing computed tomographic lesion in Indian children and adolescents after first seizure. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 151: 632-4, 1997.

56.Singhi, P., Ray, M., Singhi, S., and Khandelwal, N. Clinical spectrum of 500 children with neurocysticercosis and response to albendazole therapy. J Child Neurol, 15: 207-13, 2000.

57.Singhi, P. D., Dinakaran, J., Khandelwal, N., and Singhi, S. C. One vs. two years of anti-epileptic therapy in children with single small enhancing CT lesions. J Trop Pediatr, 49: 274-8, 2003.

58.Jain, S., Padma, M. V., Kanga, U., Mehra, N. K., Puri, A., and Maheshwari, M. C. Family studies and human leukocyte antigen class II typing in Indian probands with seizures in association with single small enhancing computed tomography lesions. Epilepsia, 40: 232-8, 1999.

59.Del Brutto, O. H., Santibanez, R., Noboa, C. A., Aguirre, R., Diaz, E., and Alarcon, T. A. Epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis: analysis of 203 patients. Neurology, 42: 389-92, 1992.

60.Rawlings, D., Ferriero, D. M., and Messing, R. O. Early CT reevaluation after empiric praziquantel therapy in neurocysticercosis. Neurology, 39: 739-41, 1989.

61.Goulatia, R. K., Verma, A., Mishra, N. K., and Ahuja, G. K. Disappearing CT lesions in epilepsy. Epilepsia, 28: 523-7, 1987.

62.Rajshekhar, V. Severe episodic headache as the sole presenting ictal event in patients with a solitary cysticercus granuloma. Acta Neurol Scand, 102: 44-6, 2000.

D) Antihelminthic treatment

63.Rajshekhar, V. Albendazole therapy for persistent, solitary cysticercus granulomas in patients with seizures. Neurology, 43: 1238-40, 1993.

64.Thussu, A., Arora, A., Lal, V., Prabhakar, S., and Sawhney, I. M. Albendazole therapy for solitary persistent cysticercus granuloma. Neurol India, 49: 95-7, 2001.

65.Thussu, A., Chattopadhyay, A., Sawhney, I. M., and Khandelwal, N. Albendazole therapy for single small enhancing CT lesions (SSECTL) in the brain in epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 79: 272-5, 2008.

66.Baranwal, A. K., Singhi, P. D., Khandelwal, N., and Singhi, S. C. Albendazole therapy in children with focal seizures and single small enhancing computerized tomographic lesions: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 17: 696-700, 1998.

67.Baranwal, A. K., Singhi, P. D., Khandelwal, N., and Singhi, S. C. Morphometry of single small enhancing computed tomographic lesions: outcome and effect of albendazole therapy. J Trop Pediatr, 48: 219-24, 2002.

68.Bustos, J. A., Pretell, E. J., Llanos-Zavalaga, F., Gilman, R. H., Del Brutto, O. H., and Garcia, H. H. Efficacy of a 3-day course of albendazole treatment in patients with a single neurocysticercosis cyst. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 108: 193-4, 2006.

69.Carpio, A., Kelvin, E. A., Bagiella, E., Leslie, D., Leon, P., Andrews, H., and Hauser, W. A. Effects of albendazole treatment on neurocysticercosis: a randomised controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 79: 1050-5, 2008.

70.Del Brutto, O. H., Roos, K. L., Coffey, C. S., and Garcia, H. H. Meta-analysis: Cysticidal drugs for neurocysticercosis: albendazole and praziquantel. Ann Intern Med, 145: 43-51, 2006.

71.Singhi, P., Dayal, D., and Khandelwal, N. One week versus four weeks of albendazole therapy for neurocysticercosis in children: a randomized, placebo-controlled double blind trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 22: 268-72, 2003.

72.Singhi, P., Jain, V., and Khandelwal, N. Corticosteroids versus albendazole for treatment of single small enhancing computed tomographic lesions in children with neurocysticercosis. J Child Neurol, 19: 323-7, 2004.

73.Pretell, E. J., Garcia, H. H., Custodio, N., Padilla, C., Alvarado, M., Gilman, R. H., and Martinez, M. Short regimen of praziquantel in the treatment of single brain enhancing lesions. Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 102: 215-218, 2000.

74.Kalra, V., Dua, T., and Kumar, V. Efficacy of albendazole and short-course dexamethasone treatment in children with 1 or 2 ring-enhancing lesions of neurocysticercosis: a randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr, 143: 111-4, 2003.

75.Padma, M. V., Behari, M., Misra, N. K., and Ahuja, G. K. Albendazole in single CT ring lesions in epilepsy. Neurology, 44: 1344-6, 1994.

76.Gogia, S., Talukdar, B., Choudhury, V., and Arora, B. S. Neurocysticercosis in children: clinical findings and response to albendazole therapy in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in newly diagnosed cases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 97: 416-21, 2003.

77.Garcia, H. H., Pretell, E. J., Gilman, R. H., Martinez, S. M., Moulton, L. H., Del Brutto, O. H., Herrera, G., Evans, C. A., and Gonzalez, A. E. A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis. N Engl J Med, 350: 249-58, 2004.

78.Kaur, S., Singhi, P., Singhi, S., and Khandelwal, N. Combination Therapy With Albendazole and Praziquantel Versus Albendazole Alone in Children With Seizures and Single Lesion Neurocysticercosis: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Double Blind Trial. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 28: 403-406, 2009.

79. Carpio, A., Kelvin, E. A., Bagiella, E., Leslie, D., Leon, P., Andrews, H., and Hauser, W. A. Effects of albendazole treatment on neurocysticercosis: a randomised controlled trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 79: 1050-5, 2008.

80.Salinas, R., and Prasad, K. Drugs for treating neurocysticercosis (tapeworm infection of the brain). Cochrane Database Syst Rev: CD000215, 2000.

E) Corticosteroid treatment

81.Sharma SR, A. A., Kar AM, Shukla Rakesh, Garg RK. . Evaluation of role of steroid alone and with albendazole in patients of epilepsy with single-small enhancing computerized tomography lesions. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology., 10: 39-43., 2007.

82.Padma, M. V., Behari, M., Misra, N. K., and Ahuja, G. K. Albendazole in neurocysticercosis. Natl Med J India, 8: 255-8, 1995.

83.Mall, R. K., Agarwal, A., Garg, R. K., Kar, A. M., and Shukla, R. Short course of prednisolone in Indian patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and new-onset seizures. Epilepsia, 44: 1397-401, 2003.

84.Garg, R. K., Potluri, N., Kar, A. M., Singh, M. K., Shukla, R., Agrawal, A., and Verma, R. Short course of prednisolone in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma: a double blind placebo controlled study. J Infect, 53: 65-9, 2006.

85.Kishore, D., and Misra, S. Short course of oral prednisolone on disappearance of lesion and seizure recurrence in patients of solitary cysticercal granuloma with single small enhancing CT lesion: an open label randomized prospective study. J Assoc Physicians India, 55: 419-24, 2007.

86.Singla, M. Short course of prednisolone in solitary cysticercus granuloma. MD Thesis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, 2009.

87.Prakash, S., Garg, R. K., Kar, A. M., Shukla, R., Agarwal, A., Verma, R., and Singh, M. K. Intravenous methyl prednisolone in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma: a random evaluation. Seizure, 15: 328-32, 2006.