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1.0 INTRODUCTION
T his part of the paper should cover the introductory part of the topic precisely & clearly. The objectives of the research work. Should be brief and specific. No sub headings in the introduction part. Avoid elaboration of details of earlier works [1]. Wherever necessary use the relevant results [2], [3], data, materials, similar methods, other methods, applications [4], [5], [6], [7] from previously published work in journals, text books, proceedings, thesis, websites, etc [8]. The references should be cited in the numbered form as showed. At the end of the paper references should be listed in the numeral sequence. From the introduction part, the entire paper is to be typed in two columns per page. Side margins, font type and size, line spacing are specified. Authors are to be followed the same strictly. Authors are advised to read information on submission guidelines thoroughly and follow the instructions by referring author’s guidelines Download the electronic file from the template download page so as to prepare your manuscript easily.
The objective of the paper is to be mentioned at the end of introduction part. All the main headings should be in the “UPPERCASE” represent with 1.0. 2.0, 3.0 etc., sub headings in the “Title Case (First Letter of the Each Word Capital) ” and represent with 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, etc. In the similar manner, sub-sub-headings must be showed with capitalize only the first letter of the title and represent the titles as 2.1.1, 2.1.2, 2.1.3, etc.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Information related to the present topic may be collected from various sources of standard publications including the journals, seminar or proceedings, text books, news articles, web sites, etc. The important points, controlling parameters, operating conditions, results obtained, etc to be mentioned [9]. Do not include the review contents which are irrelevant. Normally this literature review section is limited to a maximum of one or two columns length unless it is a review paper. The extract of one or more papers collected from various publications can be covered in a single or few sentences and references used be cited in square brackets separated with comma. If the information collected from sources to be presented is lengthy, it can be presented, one paragraph for each reference. At the end of each paragraph, cite the reference number in square brackets [10].
In case authors names are to be cited at the beginning of a sentence, use the author name/s instead of “Reference [11],” e.g., “Guggul and Mart [11]
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
The equipment, instruments, tools, chemicals, software, questionnaire, used is described in this section. Standard formats used to collect the information may be presented as an annexure. The procedure followed to collect the information, data, experimental procedure, etc are briefed. Various standard formulae, mathematical equations, procedure followed can also be supported with references [12].
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Present the views/report in appropriate and precise format using the important results/observations/readings/data obtained during the studies and represent in a tabular form, graphical form, photographs, charts, etc as may be required and limited to minimum. Discuss the results in appropriate and precise manner and can be supported the obtained results or output with the help of results obtained by the earlier rearchers or investigators or surveyors by citing the reference/s in the square brackets [13]. Avoid repeated discussion of the same. Use proper heading and cite in text as Table 1, 2 etc. In case the table is collected from any published source, indicate the same as “source [no.]” and list in references. Show the relevant table/s in the text/contents where it is mentioned. In case of large size table/s, merge the two columns of the page into one column and fix the table. Show the Table no. and title above the figure with bold. In the similar manner present the figures or graphs. Mention the Fig. no. and title below the figure with bold.
Fig. 1 Poulation growth
Table 1- Population and coastline length in various countries
5. CONCLUSION
Although a conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest applications and extensions. Authors are strongly encouraged not to call out multiple figures or tables in the conclusion these should be referenced in the body of the paper.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The author/s may thank the person/s who supported the research work to help to prepare this paper. Also thanks can be extended to the agencies provided financial support by way of grant.
VII. LIST OF SYMBOLS
FForce, kg
Cs mole fraction of NaCl
v settling Velocy, m
g acceleration due gravity, m.s-2
Hm membrane length, m
IS Indian Standards
J length-averaged permeate flux at the hot side of the membrane, kg.m-2 .s-1 K membrane Permeability, m-1 .s Jv local permeate flux at the hot side of membrane, in vapor phase, kg.m-2 .s-1 Km mass transfer coefficient, J.m-2 .s-1 .K-1 M molar mass, kg.mol-1 m mass, kg m mass flow rate, kg.s-1 Nu Nusselt number P pressure, Pa Pr Prandlt number Pv water vapor pressure, Pa Re Reynolds number of the hot solution channel R Universal gas constant, J.kmol-1 .K rp membrane pore size, m r1 largest membrane pore , m T temperature, oC Tci inlet temperature of cold solution, oC Thi inlet temperature of hot solution, oC T Average temperature, oC V velocity, m.s-1 Ve velocity of feed solution, m.s-1 Vr the velocity in radius direction, m.s-1 r coordinate normal to the solution flow z coordinate along the solution flow Greek letters ΔP water vapor pressure difference, Pa δ Thickness or width, m ε porosity of the membrane γl surface tension of water, N.m -1 μ dynamic viscosity, kg.m-1 .s-1 ρ density, kg.m-3 tortuosity Subscripts a Air atm Atmosphere Avg Average c cold solution f condensate film fp condensate film/cooling plate interface g vapor/air gap gf air gap/condensate film interface h hot solution hi inlet of the hot channel hm hot liquid/membrane interface i inlet of the channel or ith domain m membrane mc membrane cold side mg memb
References
[1]Gilbert R, and Robinson M,A text book on “ Industrial Wastewater Treatment”, 2nd edn, ABC Publications, Australia, Frenchs Forest, NSW.2011, pp. 32-45(Book style)
[2]Kauf N.V, Williams A.N and Jonny Lever H.(2013) “Treatment of Wastewater using RBC -A Review” Int. Jour. of Environ. Technol., Vol. 5, No. 3, pp.115-122 (Journal or magazine citation)
[3]Raju K, Dannis G and and Robert T, “Recent Advances in Repair and Rehabilitation of Structures” International Conf. Organized by RR Research Institute, Delhi, India during 20-23 Feb.2012 pp. 156-162, (Conference proceedings)
[4]Broadman S, “Modelling of Secured Voice Recognition Based Automatic Control System” ,” Ph.D dissertation, Dept. of Electrical Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, 2002 (Thesis or dissertation)
[5]Flemming D, Stephen W and Lemington B (2013) “Modernisation and widening interventions of bridge structures on the Highway” Int. Jour of Bridge Engg., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 876-880, available at (URL for Transaction, journal, or magzine)
[6]Bang J, "Failure of Multistorey Structures Due to Lightening- A Caes Study” Int. Jour. of Structural Engg., submitted for publication. (Accepted and Publication Pending)
[7]Manual on Solid Waste Management, Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi, Inda, July 2003
[8]Sanjay Dutta, and Suneetha G,” Laboratory Studies on the Use of Plastics in Heavy traffic Road Pavement Construction”, Highway Research Bulletin 55, 1992, New Delhi
[9]IS 800:2007 Code of practice for general construction in steel
[10]Download the electronic file from the template download page so as to prepare manuscript easily by using cut & paste.
AUTHORS BIOGRAPHY
Dr. Alexander.K obtained PG and doctoral degrees from Washington University. His area of specialization is Disaster management. He has Published 49 research papers in International Journals & 35 papers in international conferences. Is a life member of various professional bodies, Editorial Board Member of various International Journals. A recipient of many awards and included name in Who’s Who & conferred titles by ABI, USA during the period 2008-2011.
Mr. Edison.A obtained PG and doctoral degrees from Washington University. His area of specialization is Disaster management. He has Published 49 research papers in International Journals & 35 papers in international conferences. Is a life member of various professional bodies, Editorial Board Member of various International Journals. A recipient of many awards and included name in Who’s Who & conferred titles by ABI, USA during the period 2008-2011.