Chapter 3 Study Guide: The British in North America

Know and understand the following concepts:

  1. Perspective- How did different groups of people feel differently about the fur trading situation (mercantilism) and the colonists arriving?
  1. Why did Britain want to build colonies in North America?
  1. John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto)- promoted fishing off the coast of Newfoundland and claimed it for Britain. Why didn’t sailors want to stay and live there?
  1. Hudson Bay Company – What was it initially and what did it mean that it had a monopoly?
  1. Thirteen Colonies – Where were they and how were they different from New France?
  1. After Radisson and desGroseillier explored the Hudson Bay for Britain, the British gov’t established the HBC. How did this impact the development of Canada?
  1. Britain wanted sovereignty over Nova Scotia. What does this mean?
  1. Other explorers to note:
  2. Anthony Henday
  1. Henry Kelsey
  1. George Vancouver & James Cook
  1. Northwest Passage- What was the reason for exploring for it?
  1. Be able to compare and contrast the societies and economies of the French and British colonists in North America.

BIG IDEA- BRITISH PLAYED AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION OF NORTH AMERICA

-Built the first English-speaking colonies

-Benefited from the rich natural resources

-Travelled and explored up extensively

-Made contact and worked with many First Nations people

Vocabulary Words

- descendants of the original inhabitants of North America
- First Nations people who once lived in Newfoundland
- member of society
- territory controlled by another country
- way of life shared by a group of people: knowledge, values, experiences
- the way people meet their basic needs: food, clothing, shelter
-network of colonies controlled by a single country
- a belief that one’s own ethnic group is superior
- Aboriginal people of Canada who are not Metis or Inuit
- how people organize themselves to choose their leader & make decisions
- country extending its control over other countries, often using economic or military means
- original inhabitants of a given area
- economic system that allowed an imperial country to become rich by selling the resources taken from its colonies
- only one group is allowed to sell or trade a product in a certain area
- part of nature that people can use (trees, water, oil, etc.)
- vast territory of land that drained into the Hudson Bay, granted to the HBC as a monopoly for the fur trade
- shortcut from Europe to Asia through the Canadian Arctic
- dangerous trade route that crossed Asia & eastern Europe, used to move spices, tea, silk and precious gems
- Supreme governing authority
- A formal agreement between nations
- A way of looking at the world that reflects one’s core values