Ga History Study Guide for the Year

Where in the world is Ga?

  1. Region of the US? ______
  2. Nation that Ga is a part of?______
  3. Continent that Ga is located? ______
  4. Two hemispheres in which Ga is located? ______
  5. Region with largest population (metro Atlanta)? ______
  6. Smallest geographic region? ______
  7. Largest geographic region (area) ______
  8. Textile and carpet industry located in this region? ______
  9. Label the regions:
  1. Label the physical features:
  1. Largest freshwater wetland (swamp) in Ga ______
  2. River that is the natural boundary between Ga and SC______
  3. List 3 primary functions of the Savannah/Chattahoochee River ______
  4. St. Simons and Tybee are examples of this physical feature: ______
  5. Tallest peak in Ga (part of Appalachian Mtns.) ______

Prehistoric People

  1. Beliefs, traditions, types of art and lifestyle of a group: ______
  2. Another name/word for a dwelling: ______
  3. Device used by Paleo and Archaic Indians to throw spears farther: ______
  4. Most advanced (recent) prehistoric group of Native Americans: ______
  5. Build mounds between 1000 BCE and 1000 CE to use for burial and religious ceremonies: ______

Exploration of the New World

  1. Spanish explorer, 1540, first to explore Georgia: ______
  2. Disease from Europe that killed many Native Americans: ______
  3. Church started by Spanish to convert people to Christianity: ______
  4. Three primary reason Spain explored the New World: ______
  5. Three major European countries competing for New World: ______

Georgia as a Trustee Colony

  1. Name of the first settlement (city)in Ga: ______
  2. Signed the Charter of 1732 which created Ga: ______
  3. “Father of Ga” founder and head Trustee of Ga: ______
  4. Number of Trustees that led Ga during the Trustee Period: ______
  5. Served as interpreter for Oglethorpe and Tomochichi: ______
  6. Yamacraw Chief that assisted Oglethorpe and Ga colonists: ______
  7. First city built by Salzburgers in Ga: ______
  8. Dissatisfied Georgia colonists; most came from Scotland: ______
  9. People unable to pay their bills; imprisoned in Britain: ______
  10. Three reasons for the founding of Ga: ______

Georgia as a Royal Colony

  1. Type of colony Ga became after the Charter of 1732 expired: ______
  2. Title of the person who controlled (governed) Royal Colonies: ______
  3. Three Royal Governors of Ga: ______
  4. Ga’s longest serving Royal Governor: ______
  5. Country that controlled the Florida Territory: ______
  6. Economic system where you export more than you import: ______
  7. Three rules/laws the Trustees enforced for Georgia and that changed after Ga became a Royal Colony: ______
  8. Person considered property and forced to work for their owner: ______
  9. Religion that was not allowed in Georgia: ______
  10. War that ended the Royal period of Ga’s history: ______

Causes of the Revolutionary War

  1. Conflict between France and Britain where both sides allied with several Native American tribes: ______
  2. Law that placed taxes on all paper goods and products: ______
  3. Document created by King George III that awarded land west of the Appalachian Mtns. To Native Americans; angered Georgian’s: ______
  4. Set of four laws created to punish the Massachusetts colony for the Boston Tea Party : ______
  5. Document that stated the colonies were free of British control: ______
  6. Three Georgian’s who signed the above document: ______

The American Revolution

  1. Female Georgian who captured and killed a group of Tories during the War: ______
  2. African American soldier wounded in the Battle of Kettle Creek; responsible for saving life of Elijah Clarke: ______
  3. Led Ga’s militia to victory over 8oo British soldiers: ______
  4. Colonists who favored the colonies gaining independence from Britain: ______
  5. Colonists who favored remaining under British control: ______
  6. American Revolution battle in Ga; victory for Ga as militia and Continental Army failed to retake Ga’s capital city from British control: ______

Governing Documents

  1. Ga’s first constitution; document adopted in Savannah that created Ga’s first unicameral govt: ______
  2. First US constitution; created a weak central government and was eventually replaced: ______
  3. Two representatives from Ga who helped write the new constitution at the Constitutional Convention of 1787: ______

Westward Expansion

  1. First land grant university, meant to educate all white men, rich or poor: ______
  2. Ga’s third capital city from 1796-1807, due to people moving west: ______
  3. Two largest church denominations in Ga; spread as people moved west: ______
  4. Method used to distribute land by giving up to 1000 acres to white men, head of family: ______
  5. Method used to distribute land; white men, orphans, and widows allowed to buy tickets: ______
  6. Machine invented by Eli Whitney in 1793; separated seeds from cotton: ______
  7. New, faster and efficient mode of transportation in Ga; reduced need for horses and boats, and established city of Terminus (later renamed Marthasville and Atlanta):______

Indian Removal

  1. Creek leader in Oconee War between Creek and Ga pioneers; worked to central size powers with Creek society and protect Creek land: ______
  2. Leader of Creek Nation who signed Treaty of Indian Springs, murdered for giving away Creek land: ______
  3. Cherokee Indian who created the written Cherokee language(syllabary): ______
  4. Became the principal chief of the Cherokee in 1827, est. written constitution: ______
  5. Discovery of gold in this Ga city led to forced removal of Cherokee (Trail of Tears): ______
  6. Chief Justice of Supreme Court, ruled in Worcester v. Georgia that Cherokee territory was not subject to state law: ______
  7. American general and later US president, assisted in forces removal of Creek and Cherokee from GA:______

Antebellum Georgia

  1. Agreement between northern and southern states; admitted Ca as free state and New Mexico and Utah could vote on slavery: ______
  2. New political party that opposed slavery; created before Civil War: ______
  3. One of the major reasons of the Civil War; belief that state’s rights take precedence over national govt: ______
  4. Forced labor; provide most of the labor in the south: ______
  5. People who worked/fought to end slavery: ______
  6. Salve whose case went to the Supreme Court; argued he was free because he lived in a free state: ______
  7. American president during Civil War; elected in 1860: ______
  8. Legal theory that states had the right to invalidate any law they believed to be unconstitutional: ______
  9. Main way people in the north made money (manufacturing activity):
  10. Main agricultural crop produced in the South; economy based on: ______

The Civil War

  1. Northern War strategy to close off ports to keep south from importing/exporting:______
  2. Document issued by Lincoln that declared freedom for slaves in states that were rebelling: ______
  3. Civil War battle near Sharpsburg, MD, 17 September 1862, bloodiest single day battle of war: ______
  4. Main Confederate general; led Army of Northern Va in battles of Gettysburg, surrendered to Union at Appomattox Courthouse 9 April 1865:______
  5. Union general led March to the Sea and burning of Atlanta: ______
  6. Confederate Civil War prison of war camp: ______
  7. Civil War battle where Union wins control of important railroad line near Chattanooga: ______
  8. Civil War battle; 3 day battle, Union won but suffered 23,000 casualties, Confederacy 28,000 causalities: ______

Reconstruction

  1. Colleges, such as Morehouse, began through work of this organization that helped freed slaves: ______
  2. Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery: ______
  3. One of the first black men to win election to Ga’s General Assembly in 1867: ______
  4. Period of time after Civil War when South was required to undergo political, social, and economic changes in order to rejoin the Union: ______
  5. Constitutional amendment that granted citizenship to freedmen: ______
  6. Secret organization created after Civil War that terrorized blacks to keep them from voting: ____
  7. Constitutional amendment giving all men the right to vote: ______

The New South

  1. Group of three wealthy men(Joseph E. Brown, Alfred Colquitt, John B. Gordon) that led the Democrats and tried to help wealthy whites: ______
  2. New political party formed during New South; supported farmers and African Americans in the South: ______
  3. Ga reformer that worked to improve child labor laws and prison conditions; first female US Senator: ______
  4. Person known as the “Voice of the New South”, encouraged northerners to invest in Ga: ______
  5. Events held in 1881 and 1895 to show economic recovery and potential of New South: ______
  6. Racial violence between black and white citizens in 1906; result of false accusations against black men:______
  7. Jewish factory manager accused of murdering factory worker Mary Phagan: ______
  8. KKK reborn in Ga after lynching of man accused of killing Mary Phagan; group called:______
  9. System of voting used in local and state elections which gave small, rural counties more voting power: ______

Social and Political Change

  1. Laws passed to segregate blacks and whites: ______
  2. Rules used to take away African American’s right to vote: ______
  3. US Supreme Court case that upheld segregation: ______
  4. Race riots, lynching, acts by KKK, result of this type of violence: ______
  5. Founder and president of Tuskegee University, believed education key for African Americans (accommodation), gave famous “Atlanta Compromise” speech:______
  6. Atlanta University professor, believed blacks should form organizations to fight against discrimination and segregation, worked with Niagara Movement, worked for NAACP: ______
  7. President of Atlanta University, helped create NAACP, worked with wife to better lives of African Americans: ______
  8. Atlanta businessman, owner of barber shops and later Atlanta Mutual Life Insurance Co.: ______
  9. Constitutional amendment giving women the right to vote:______
  10. First major organization for African American rights: ______

Georgia and the Great War

  1. France, Russia, Great Britain and US were part of the ______Powers during WWI:______
  2. Archduke whose assassination started WWI:______
  3. American president during WWI who hoped to keep the US neutral:______
  4. Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire made up the ______Powers during WWI.
  5. The Treaty of Versailles made ______accept blame for WWI and pay $33 billion in war reparations:
  6. Two events/causes were the reasons the US entered WWI:______
  7. WWI was known as the Great War or the War to ______.
  8. Two main functions of military bases in Ga during WWI:______

The Great Depression

  1. New Deal program that restricted agricultural production by paying farmers to grow fewer crops:______
  2. Period of time with little to not rain: ______
  3. New Deal program that created jobs in order to build parks, bridges, etc.:______
  4. FDR’s plan to ease and lead America out of the Great Depression:______
  5. Powerful governor of Ga during 1930-40s; critical of FDR and New Deal:______
  6. Economic crisis in US from 1929-WWI, began with Stock Market Crash:______
  7. New Deal program designed to assist unemployed and elderly: ______
  8. Insect that destroyed large of amounts of cotton crops:______
  9. New Deal program that helped bring electric power to rural areas:______

World War II

  1. Sneak attack by Japan on US 7 December 1941:______
  2. Policy used by US at the beginning of WWII to allow Great Britain to borrow or rent weapons: ______
  3. Location of two deep-water ports in Ga:______
  4. Marietta factory used to build B-29 bombers during WWII:______
  5. Ga city visited by FDR, Little White House:______
  6. Facilities used to train soldiers in Ga:______
  7. Served 25 consecutive terms in Congress, helped to build/expand navy: ______
  8. Served in US Senate 38 years, helped improve military preparedness, create more bases in Ga:______
  9. Name given to systematic extermination of Jews during WWII by Germany:______
  10. Allied or Axis: Germany, Soviet Union, France, US, Italy, Japan, Great Britain, Hitler, FDR, Harry S. Truman

Post WWII Georgia

  1. After WWII there was a transformation of ______; synthetic fibers (nylon, rayon), reduced the need for cotton; Ga became more industrial.
  2. The Atlanta Braves, Hawks, Falcons, Thrashers, Dream, and Silverbacks, are all examples:______
  3. Mayor of Atlanta from 1962-1970, removed “Colored” and “Whites Only” signs, oversaw construction of skyscrapers, integrated fire dept. and city govt. ______
  4. Served as mayor of Atlanta from 1937-1961(6 terms), oversaw many building projects including Atlanta airport:______
  5. Four major transportation systems of Ga:______

Segregation and Civil Rights

  1. Under this system only whites were allowed to vote in primaries:______
  2. The “Three Governors” controversy began as a result of this election; Eugene Talmadge was elected governor but died before taking office; Ellis Arnall, Melvin Thompson, and Herman Talmadge fought to choose new governor; Herman Talmadge won:______
  3. Segregationist Ga governor who promised to bring back white primaries; supported education, expanded school year to 9 mos, opposed integration of Ga schools:______
  4. Symbol of Ga, changed to incorporate St. Andrews Cross (Confederate Battle Flag), became a controversy between blacks and whites:______
  5. Student organization founded to help black citizens register to vote and led protests, sit-ins, and boycotts of businesses that would not serve blacks:______
  6. US Supreme Court case that ruled segregation unconstitutional; group of young people trying to attend all white school in Topeka, KS:______
  7. 14 member committee formed to study the problem of integration after Brown v. Board of Ed; found that most Georgian’s would rather close school than integrate:______
  8. Lifelong educator and President of Morehouse college, mentored Martin Luther King, Jr.; founded Omega psi Phi Fraternity:______
  9. Civil Rights leader who used a nonviolent approach to ending racial segregation:______
  10. Desegregation movement led by R. William Anderson, began in Albany, Ga:______
  11. ______and ______, first 2 African American students admitted to UGA.
  12. New Civil Rights laws created by JFK and approved in 1964;______
  13. Ga’s governor in 1967, had owned a restaurant and forcefully removed African Americans, once governor he appointed more African Americans to positions than all previous governors combined:______
  14. Assisted MLK during Civil Rights Movement, executive director of SCLC, won election to US House of Representative, UN Ambassador for Carter:______
  15. ______became first African American mayor of a major southern city in 1973, increased programs for the arts, expanded Atlanta Airport, and was mayor of Atlanta during Olympics.

Georgia In Recent History

  1. Term that refers to redrawing the boundaries of election districts:______
  2. People who have moved from other places to find a jobs, shelter, and opportunity:______
  3. Elected US President in 1976 (only president from GA); also served as Senator and governor of Ga, negotiated Camp David Peace Accords, won Nobel Peace Prize in 2002:______
  4. Voting method that gave rural areas more voting power than urban counties; violated 14th amendment, made unconstitutional in 1962:______
  5. Political change during 1980s and 90s where more Republican candidates won elections in Ga; replaced the Democrat dominated One Party System:______
  6. 72 million visitors came to Ga to witness this event; created revenue of more than $5billion, built sports venues, parks, and increased international recognition:______

State Government

  1. List the five steps for a bill to become a law in Ga:
  1. List the three requirements to vote in Ga:______
  2. Name of the Ga Legislature:______
  3. Executive office of Ga held by ______and______.
  4. Terms for members of Ga’s legislative branch:_____years
  5. Term for member of Ga’s executive branch:______
  6. Age for Senator:______Age for Representative:______Age for Governor:______
  7. Duties of Legislative branch:______Executive branch:______Judicial branch:______

Local Government

  1. Groups created to perform a specific task; includes housing authorities, recreation and park authorities, and downtown development:______
  2. Term that refers to cities and towns; there are approximately 535in Ga, each with its own govt.:______
  3. Level of govt. responsible for building and maintance of roads, controls, licenses for cars and trucks, has their own court system:______
  4. Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and a mayor with no special executive power (veto, overriding budget, choosing committee members):______
  5. Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and a mayor that has powerful executive privileges:______
  6. Type of city government that has a city council responsible for making laws and the executive branch is led by a city manager that holds all special executive powers while mayor is a member of the legislative branch:______

Juvenile Justice

  1. Behavior that is considered a status offence when committee by children; examples include a child refusing to go to school and running away from home:______
  2. When a child commits a crime it is considered to be this type of behavior; a child between 13-17 will be punished according to the law, which may include serving 5 years in a juvenile detention center:______
  3. Term for a person between the ages of 13-17:______
  4. 4 Steps to Juvenile Justice process in Ga: ______

______

  1. Seven Delinquent Behaviors that children between the ages of 13-17 who are thought to have committed any of these crimes will be tried as adults: