IRREGULAR VERBS
Present (aka Infinitive) Present Participle Past Past Participle
A. The past participle is formed from the past.
break breaking broke broken
choose choosing chose chosen
freeze freezing froze frozen
speak speaking spoke spoken
steal stealing stole stolen
tear tearing tore torn
wear wearing wore worn
B. The past ends in ew; the past participle ends in wn.
blow blowing blew blown
draw drawing drew drawn
fly flying flew flown
grow growing grew grown
know knowing knew known
throw throwing threw thrown
C. The past participle is formed from the infinitive.
arise arising arose arisen
drive driving drove driven
eat eating ate eaten
fall falling fell fallen
give giving gave given
rise rising rose risen
take taking took taken
Present (aka Infinitive) Present Participle Past Past Participle
D. All the past participles have double consonants.
bite biting bit bitten
forget forgetting forgot forgotten
hide hiding hid hidden
ride riding rode ridden
write writing wrote written
E. These are the most highly irregular verbs in English. Memorize them!
be being was been
do doing did done
lie (to rest) lying lay lain
go going went gone
see seeing saw seen
F. These are probably the most rhythmic verbs in English.
begin beginning began begun
drink drinking drank drunk
ring ringing rang rung
shrink shrinking shrank shrunk
sing singing sang sung
sink sinking sank sunk
spring springing sprang sprung
swim swimming swam swum
G. The infinitive and the past participle are the same.
become becoming became become
come coming came come
run running ran run
Present (aka Infinitive) Present Participle Past Past Participle
H. Notice that three forms are the same.
burst bursting burst burst
cost costing cost cost
hit hitting hit hit
hurt hurting hurt hurt
set setting set set
I. Notice the ought endings in two forms.
bring bringing brought brought
buy buying bought bought
fight fighting fought fought
seek seeking sought sought
think thinking thought thought
J. The past and the past participle are formed with t.
creep creeping crept crept
feel feeling felt felt
sleep sleeping slept slept
sweep sweeping swept swept
K. The past and the past participle are the same.
catch catching caught caught
dig digging dug dug
find finding found found
feed feeding fed fed
flee fleeing fled fled
get getting got got (gotten)
have having had had
Present (aka Infinitive) Present Participle Past Past Participle
lead leading led led
lend lending lent lent
lose losing lost lost
stand standing stood stood
sting stinging stung stung
strike striking struck struck
sit sitting sat sat
swing swinging swung swung
teach teaching taught taught
tell telling told told
hang (picture) hanging hung hung
L. Notice what happens to the y of the infinitive.
lay (to put) laying laid laid
pay paying paid paid
say saying said said
M. These regular verbs are often made irregular needlessly.
drag dragging dragged dragged
prove proving proved proved
sneak sneaking sneaked sneaked
hang (a person) hanging hanged hanged
JR 03/12