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Chemistry I Semester Exam 2008

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1. / You are given 100 grams of a 75% sugar solution by mass. This solution contains
A) / 100 grams of sugar and 75 grams of water
B) / 75 grams of sugar and 25 grams of water
C) / 75 grams of sugar and 75 grams of water
D) / 25 grams of sugar and 75 grams of water
2. / The shape of the water molecule is best described as
A) / bent or v-shaped
B) / pyramidal
C) / linear
D) / crystal lattice
3. / The most common solvent on Earth is
A) / carbon tetrachloride
B) / alcohol
C) / benzene
D) / water
4. / Which term describes the carbon dioxide that is dissolved in a carbonated beverage?
A) / solute
B) / solution
C) / solvent
D) / precipitate
5. / Generally, for solids dissolving in liquids, how does an increase in temperature affect the solubility of a solid?
A) / does not affect solubility
B) / decreases solubility
C) / increases solubility
7. / Which statement about water is false?
A) / Water molecules strongly attract
each other.
B) / The oxygen end of water has a
negative charge.
C) / Water has low surface tension.
D) / Water is a bent molecule.
8. / The results for a chloride ion test on
A sample of Ohio River water is
(no color or precipitate). This means
that
A) / not enough reference solution was used
B) / no ion is present or a very small
amount of the ion may be present
C) / the ion is definitely present
D) / the water is pure
6. / An electric company removes water from a river in order to use it in its electric power plant. The water leaving the power plant would be
A) / warmer and have a lower oxygen concentration
B) / cooler and have a higher oxygen concentration
C) / warmer and have a higher oxygen concentration
D) / cooler and have a lower oxygen concentration
7. / A molecule that has bonds with unequal sharing of electrons is a
A) / metallic molecule
B) / polar molecule
C) / nonpolar molecule
D) / nuclear molecule
8. / A person's home has lead-containing solder in the joints in the copper water pipes. In which case is the person likely to be exposed to the most lead ion in the drinking water?
A) / Cold basic water is sent through the pipes.
B) / Hot acidic water is sent through the pipes.
C) / Hot basic water is sent through the pipes.
D) / Cold acidic water is sent through the pipes.

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9. / To calculate percent concentration of a solution, divide the mass of the
A) / solute by the mass of the solvent
B) / solute by the mass of the solution
C) / solvent by the mass of the solution
D) / solvent by the mass of the solute

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10. / What type of chemical bond is found in substances where a positive particle is attracted to a negative particle?
A) / ionic bond
B) / hydrogen bond
C) / nonpolar covalent bond
D) / polar covalent bonds
11. / For gases dissolving in liquids, how does an increase in temperature affect the solubility of a gas?
A) / increases solubility
B) / does not affect solubility
C) / decreases solubility

Use the following to answer questions 12-14:

12. / Which substance has the lowest solubility at 0°C?
A) / NaCl
B) / KNO3
C) / KCl
13. / What is the mass of KCl needed to make a saturated solution in 100 grams of water at 50°C?
A) / 50 g
B) / 42 g
C) / 82 g
D) / 33 g
1. / When an atom of sodium loses an
electron, it becomes a
A) / positive ion
B) / negative ion
C) / positron
D) / neutron
2. / Which pair forms a homogeneous
mixture?
A) / sand and water
B) / sugar and water
C) / oil and water
D) / oil and vinegar
3. / Which of the following is a correct
atom inventory for Silver Nitrate.
(you must write the correct formula)
A) / one silver, one nitrogen
B) / one silver, one nitrogen, one
oxygen
C) / one silver, one nitrogen, two
oxygens
D) / one silver, one nitrogen, three
oxygens
4. / Which particle diagram best represents a mixture of
one element and one compound?
A) /
B) /
C) /
5. / Suspensions, colloids, and solutions are types of
A) / elements
B) / compounds
C) / mixtures
D) / substances
6. / What two measurements of a substance make up the
substance's density value?
A) / mass and weight
B) / volume and pressure
C) / mass and volume
D) / temperature and mass
9. / A student claims that she has a
bottle of completely "Pure" water. If
that is the case, then
A) / the water may have dissolved ions
and will have the tyndall effect.
B) / the water may have dissolved
ions but will not have the tyndall
effect.
C) / the water will not have anything
dissolved in it and will not have
the tyndall effect.
10. / Which substance is an example of a
compound?
A) / NO(g)
B) / Ni(s)
C) / Na(s)
D) / Ne(g)
11. / Ice is less dense than water.
A) / Ice will sink in water
B) / Ice will float in water
12. / A graduated cylinder was placed on a balance and the
mass recorded. Alcohol was placed in the the cylinder
and the new mass recorded. The picture below shows
the volume of the liquid in the cylinder. Calculate the
liquids density.
Mass of graduated cylinder = 12.45g
Mass of g.c. and alcohol = 35.76g
Mass of alcohol = ______

A) / 23.31 g/mL
B) / .728 g/mL
C)
D) / 1.37 g/mL
8.69 g/mL
13. / Which of the following is the most accurate
interpretation for the chemical equation:
2H2 + O2 2H2O
A) / Two hydrogens react with two
oxygens to make water
B) / Two hydrogen molecules react with
two oxygen molecules to produce
two water molecules
C) / Two hydrogen atoms react with on
oxygen atom to form two water
molecules.
D) / Two hydrogen molecules react with
one oxygen molecule to produce
two water molecules.
14. / Which common material is a solution?
A) / pure water
B) / a bottled lemon-lime drink
C) / italian salad dressing
D) / fresh bacon fat
15. / The label on a solid tomato fertilizer
says “ammonium phosphate,
ammonium sulfate, muriate of potash,
sulfate of potash, sulfate of
potash-magnesia, manganese oxide,
iron oxide.” The fertilizer is a
A) / solution
B) / compound
C) / mixture
D) / pure substance
16. / What causes a bottle of soda to burst
when placed in a freezer overnight?
A) / The water in the soda contracts
when it freezes.
B) / The water in the soda expands
when it freezes.
C) / The bottle contracts when it
freezes.
D) / The bottle expands when it
freezes.
17. / Which process is the best way to
remove the color and odor from water?
A) / Filter the water sample through
sand and gravel.
B) / Add charcoal and filter the water
Sample using a funnel and filter
paper.
C) / Distill the water sample using a
condenser and flask.
D) / Add a test solution to the water
such as Na2CO3

18. / Which comparison is correct
concerning the percent of water used
across the United States?
A) / The east uses a greater percentage
For irrigation than the midwest
B) / More water is used for electric than
for agriculture in the whole
United States (Nation)
C) / The South, East and the Midwest all
use more water for Steam/electric
than any other purpose.
D) / Alaska and Hawaii both use no
water for mining
Purposes.
19. /
In the above picture our dog "Lucky"
is getting a bath. Which of the
following statements is true regarding
how water is used in the picture
A) / It is an indirect use, but something
we could do without given a
water shortage.
B) / It is an indirect use of water, but a
necessary use of daily water.
C) / It is a direct use of water and not
necessary in a water shortage
situation
D) / It is a direct use of water and
should be done everyday
regardless of the water supply on
hand
20. / The mayor must decide the amount of
water to have sent to Riverwood
during the three day water shortage.
Which of the following factors should
not be included?
A) / The number of lawns needing
water
B) / The population of the town
C) / The amount of drinking water
needed each day per person
D) / The amount of water needed for
personal hygiene for the 3 days
(washing face, teeth, etc.)
21. / Which symbol does notrepresent an ion?
A) / Na
B) / Ca+
C) / Cl–
D) / H+
22. / Which statement correctly describes the type and
number of atoms represented by the formula
Ca(OH)2?
A) / 1 calcium, 1 oxygen, 2 hydrogen
B) / 1 calcium, 2 oxygens, 2 hydrogens
C) / 2 calciums, 2 oxygens, 2 hydrogens
D) / 1 calcium 1 oxygen, 1 hydrogen
23. / Why is distillation notused to purify
most tap water?
A) / Distillation is too expensive.
B) / Distillation does not remove all
impurities.
C) / Distillation eventually alters the
molecular structure of the water.
D) / Distillation gives off radioactive
waste products.
24. / Which plan would be the most
effective way for a family to conserve
water?
A) / Everyone should reduce shower
time in half.
B) / Family members should drink
soda instead of water.
C) / Family members should eat fruits
to lessen the need of water.
D) / Water the house plants half as
much.
25. / When an atom transfers an electron to
another atom,
A) / the atom that loses the electron
becomes neutral
B) / the atom that gains the electron
becomes a positive ion
C) / the atom that loses the electron
becomes a positive ion
D) / the two atoms repel each other
26. / When numerical data is gathered from
a lab activity, analysis of the data can
help lead to conclusions from
the activity. The average of all the data
is also known as the
A) / mean
B) / mode
C) / median
27. / HHS chemistry students were asked to explain why raisins "dance" when placed in sprite. Which of the following is the most correct explanation
for why raisins "rise" to the top and then "sink" to the bottom.
A) / "The carbonation of the sprite moves the raisins up with the carbination. When the raisins get close to surface, oxygen gets in the cracks making it go back down."
B) / "The raisins or the bubbles have a neg. or pos. charge. the opposite charges attract and link on to each
other. There are so many bubbles on the raisins that slowly begin to rise making the raisins less dense
than the sprite."
C) / "Because the liquid is carbonated the gas in the liquid will cling to the raisins and when enough cling it
causes the raisin to float until it reaches the surface then it sinks back down."
D) / "The carbon, fizz and bubbles push the raisins up and then the raisins drop because they have no force
pushing them."
28. / Which two terms for types of matter
both identify substances?
A) / elements and compounds
B) / compounds and solutions
C) / mixtures and compounds
D) / nonmetals and mixtures
29. / When particles with the samecharge
move closer to each other, the particles
will
A) / attract
B) / repel
C) / bond
D) / combine
___ 1. / Pennies made after the year 1982
have the highest content of which
element?
A) / zinc
B) / copper
C) / lead
D) / aluminum
E) / iron
___ 2. / By using results from tests like the
“Metal Reactivities” lab, the metal
elements can be ranked in order of
their chemical reactivity. This
ranking is called the
A) / data table
B) / periodic table
C) / density series
D) / activity series
___ 3. / Which equation correctly
represents the oxidation of calcium
to calcium ion?
A) / Ca2+ + 2e–→ Ca
B) / 2Ca2+ + 2e–→ Ca4+
C) / Ca → 2Ca+ + 2e–
D) / Ca → Ca2+ + 2e–
___ 4. / Which person developed the
periodic table based on the
properties of the elements?
A) / John Dalton
B) / Dimitri Mendeleev
C) / Fritz Haber
D) / Niels Bohr
___ 5. / What is the total number of molecules in
one mole of nitrogen, N2?
A) / 6.02  1023
B) / 1.50  1022
C) / 1.20  1024
D) / 3.01  1023
___ 6. / The chemical formula for baking soda is
NaHCO3. The subscript “3” in this formula
means three
A) / molecules of baking soda
B) / atoms of oxygen
C) / atoms of carbon
D) / molecules of carbon dioxide
___ 7. / Mendeleev's table of the elements was
organized by
A) / relative atomic masses
B) / each element's capacity to combine
with carbon
C) / atomic numbers
D) / the elements' phases—solid, liquid, or
gas
___ 8. / Which of these is a physical change?
A) / evaporation
B) / oxidation
C) / combustion
D) / substitution
___ 9. / Which symbol represents a
metalloid?
A) / Si
B) / Br
C) / Na
D) / Al
E) / Kr
___ 10. / Which part of our planet is the
major “supply house” of the raw
materials for manufactured goods?
A) / hydrosphere
B) / thermosphere
C) / lithosphere
D) / atmosphere
___ 11. / Given the unbalanced equation:
__ Al4C3 + __ H2O  __ CH4 + __ Al(OH)3
Which list gives the correct
coefficients to balance the equation?
A) / 1, 12, 3, 4
B) / 3, 12, 1, 4
C) / 2, 6, 3, 4
D) / 12, 1, 4, 3
___ 12. / Calculate the molar mass of the
compound Ca3(PO4)2. Show your
work.
___ 13. / The modern periodic law classifies
elements according to:
A) / boiling points
B) / melting points
C) / atomic masses
D) / atomic numbers
___ 14. / Given the ionic equation:
Mg + Cu2+ Cu + Mg2+
Which particle is reduced?
A) / Cu2+ ion
B) / Cu atom
C) / Mg2+ ion
D) / Mg atom
___ 15. / Which symbol represents a nonmetal?
A) / Fe
B) / W
C) / Br
D) / K
E) / Hg
___ 16. / How many atoms of oxygen are shown in
the formula Al2(SO4)3?
A) / 1
B) / 12
C) / 7
D) / 4
___ 17. / Which of these zinc compounds has the
highest percent by mass of zinc?
A) / ZnCO3
B) / ZnCl2
C) / ZnSO4
___ 18. / Which property is characteristic of a
nonmetal?
A) / high density
B) / good conductor of heat
C) / brittle
D) / malleable
___ 19. / Chemical equations are balanced
with numbers called
A) / symbols
B) / coefficients
C) / subscripts
D) / exponents
___ 20. / Which choice is a renewable
resource?
A) / metals
B) / wood
C) / coal
D) / oil
___ 21. / Substances that exist before a
chemical reaction takes place are
called
A) / the electrons
B) / the products
C) / an equation
D) / the reactants
___ 22. / Which two quantities contain the
same number of atoms?
A) / 2 mole NaCl and 1 mole CaCl2
B) / 1 mole NO2 and 1 mole of H2O
C) / 2 mole NH3 and 2 moles of HI
D) / 1 mole Zn and 2 moles of H2

Use the following to answer question 23:

Use the following equation to respond to the question(s) below:

5Na2C2O4 +2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 5Na2SO4 + 10CO2 + 8H2O

___ 23. / The atom count for oxygen on the
reactant side is
A) / 60
B) / 56
C) / 12
D) / 20
E) / 15
___ 24. / Properties such as melting point, density,
and electrical conductivity are examples of
A) / nuclear properties
B) / physical properties
C) / chemical properties
___ 25. / Which of these is an example of an alloy?
A) / nylon
B) / wood
C) / glass
D) / brass
___ 26. / How many moles of sulfur are present in a
16-g sample of sulfur?
A) / 0.50 mol
B) / 2.0 mol
C) / 32 mol
D) / 0.25 mol
___ 27. / When an ion of copper in the ore
chalcocite gains electrons, the Cu2+ ion is
A) / fused
B) / reduced
C) / ionized
D) / oxidized
___ 28. / A metal is usually obtained from its
ore by a process called
A) / casting
B) / oxidation
C) / reduction
D) / melting
___ 29. / Which of these elements is most
similar chemically to phosphorus?
A) / N
B) / Si
C) / S
D) / C
___ 30. / Horizontal rows of elements in the
periodic table are called
A) / periods
B) / octaves
C) / triads
D) / families
___ 31. / Given the balanced equation for the
reaction producing ammonia:
N2 + 3H2 2NH3
How many moles of N2 are needed to
Produce 6 moles of NH3?
A)2
B)3
C)6
D)9
___ 32. / How many moles of hydrogen
atoms are in 4 moles of H2O?
A) / 12
B) / 4
C) / 8
D) / 2
___ 33. / Which metal will reduce copper
ions to copper metal from an
aqueous copper nitrate solution?
A) / silver
B) / zinc
C) / copper
D) / gold
___ 34. / In the periodic table, the most active
metals are found
A) / directly to the left of the steplike line
B) / at the far left side
C) / directly to the right of the steplike line
D) / at the far right side
___ 35. / In chemical reactions, “matter is neither
destroyed or made” is a statement of the
A) / law of mass action
B) / law of conservation of energy
C) / law of action and reaction
D) / law of conservation of matter
E) / law of molar masses
___ 36. / On the periodic table, the halogens are
found in
A) / period 3
B) / period 4
C) / group 17
D) / group 13
___ 37. / The mass number of an atom of an
isotope is equal to the sum of the
A) / protons and electrons
B) / neutrons, electrons, and protons
C) / protons and neutrons
D) / neutrons, electrons, and positrons
___ 38. / Which of these observations is
evidence of a chemical change?
A) / Rubbing alcohol evaporates
from a surface.
B) / A pop can is crushed by a
hammer.
C) / Bubbles of a gas explode when
ignited.
D) / A drink mix dissolves in water.
___ 39. / Using redox reactions that occur in
aqueous solutions in order to refine
metal ions to metal atoms is called
A) / pyrometallurgy
B) / isometallurgy
C) / electrometallurgy
D) / hydrometallurgy
___ 40. / The boiling point of HCl is –85°C
while the boiling point of HI is –36°C.
Estimate the boiling point of HBr,
in °C.
A) / –41°C
B) / –61°C
C) / –74°C
D) / –56°C
E) / –51°C
___ 41. / What is the total number of
neutrons in an atom with a mass
number of 27 and an atomic
number of 13?
A) / 14
B) / 40
C) / 13
D) / 27
___ 42. / Vertical columns of elements in the
periodic table are called:
A) / triads
B) / octaves
C) / groups
D) / periods
___ 43. / If a resource is renewable it means that
the resource can be
A) / replaced by nature in a short period of
time
B) / decomposed by nature over a long
period of time
C) / reused without any changes
D) / recycled into a new product

Use the following to answer questions 44-47:

Identify the given resource as

A) renewable

B) nonrenewable

C) not a resource

___ 44. / Atmospheric oxygen
___ 45. / Zinc
___ 46. / Drinking water
___ 47. / Gasoline
___ 48. / The type of discarded waste that
makes up the greatest amount of
space in landfills is
A) / glass
B) / paper
C) / plastic
D) / metal
___ 49. / Given the unbalanced equation:
___ Al + ___ H2SO4 ___ H2 + ___ Al2(SO4)3
Which list gives the correct
coefficients to balance the equation?
A) / 4, 2, 3, 1
B) / 2, 3, 3, 1
C) / 4, 3, 1, 3
D) / 1, 3, 3, 2
___ 50. / Which particles are lost by an atom
of zinc when it is oxidized?
A) / protons
B) / electrons
C) / neutrons

Short Answer: Write in Complete sentences

What are the physical and chemical properties of metals that make them a good choice for coins? (give at least 3)

Activity Series of Metals

[most active]

Li

Rb

K

Cs

Ba

Sr

Ca

Na

Mg

Al

Ti

Mn

Zn

Cr

Fe

Co

Ni

Sn

Pb

*H2*

Cu

Ag

Au

[least active based on the hydrogen standard]

30. / The best source of water for a home
in a rural location that is far from lakes
or rivers is
A) / the ocean
B) / groundwater
C) / ice caps
D) / clouds
31. / Ninety-seven percent of the Earth's
supply of water is in the oceans.
Which of these is the second largest
supply of the Earth's water?
A) / clouds
B) / groundwater
C) / lakes and rivers
D) / icecaps and glaciers
32. / Compared to the density of water at
4°C, the density of water at 80°C is
A) / less
B) / greater
C)
D) / the same
gone
33. / Which phrase best describes diatomic
molecules?
A) / molecules with one atom only
B) / molecules with one atom and one
ion
C) / molecules with two atoms of the
same element
D) / molecules with two different
element's atoms
34. / Which ion is shown with its correct charge?
A) / Ca2+
B) / K-
C) / Nº
D) / He3+
35. / Which formula is correct for the ionic
compound formed from combining
magnesium ions and chloride ions?
A) / MgCl
B) / MgCl2
C) / Mg2Cl
D) / Mg2Cl2
36. / How many protons are in the nucleus
of an atom of sodium?
A) / 11
B) / 12
C) / 23
D) / 32
37. / What is the sequence of numbered
processes used to purify water
according to the procedure in the
“Foul Water” laboratory activity?
1. charcoal adsorption
2. gravel/sand/gravel filtration
3. distillation
4. oil-water separation
A) / 1, 2, 3, 4
B) / 4, 2, 1, 3
C) / 2, 4, 1, 3
D) / 3, 1, 4, 2
38. / Which two of the three basic subatomic particles are found in the atom's nucleus?
A) / electrons and neutrons
B) / neutrons and protons
C) / protons and electrons
39. / The “shorthand” used to represent an
element with one or two letters is
called
A) / an equation
B) / a formula
C) / a symbol
D) / an edition
40. / A student is given a 50.0-mL sample
of water to purify in the Foul Water
lab activity. After the purification
process, the purified water measured
13.0 milliliters. Determine the
percent water lost during this
procedure.
A) / 11.8%
B) / 26.0%
C) / 74.0%
D) / 92.4%