EGYPT

Geography

•Egyptian civilization emerged in the ______River Valley

•The Nile is the ______river in the world, ______miles long

•Water from the Nile was used for:

–______(farming), drinking, ______, transportation

•Yearly flooding left silt which made rich soil and was controlled by ______

Government

•Powerful rulers took the title of ______

•Kingship was a divine institution and pharaohs had ______power

–Belief that the pharaoh was a ______in human form

–Egypt was a theocracy, a state ruled by a ______figure

•Surrounded by a well-established ______

–Bureaucracy = a highly structured organization, often governmental, managed by ______

•Pyramids were ______for dead pharaohs

•Most pharaohs started building their pyramid as soon as they ______their rule

•Workers built the pyramids from the ______

•Most of the workers were ______, not ______, who were required to work for the gov’t one month out of the year

Religion

•Egyptians were ______, had many important gods and goddesses

–Key god was the god of the sun = ____ or Amon-Re (______of the pharaohs)

•Believed that gods controlled all ______events

•Priests performed ______to fulfill the needs of the ______

–Believed that the rituals ______the gods and kept them alive

–In return the gods would grant the pharaohs ______and bring prosperity to Egypt

Mummification

•Central belief of the Egyptians was a belief in the ______

•Practice of ______= slowly drying a dead body to preserve it and stop it from rotting

•Discovered after early Egyptians buried their dead in the ______, found that the bodies were being preserved, unfortunately ______were eating the dead bodies

•Steps of mummification

–Remove all internal ______

–Brain was ______and drawn out the ______

–The ______was left inside – controlled emotions and intelligence

–Organs were placed in ______jars to be buried with the mummy

–Body was packed with various materials to help keep its ______

–______were placed on the body to dry it out

–Finally the body was wrapped in strips of ______

•Dead Egyptians were buried with their material ______and sometimes loved ones or pets and ______

•Rooms were stocked with ______and material goods for the return of the ka

Advancements

•Main writing system was ______

–Used ______symbols to represent objects, sounds, and ideas

–Carved into ______and written on ______

–Developed in 3200 BC, considered one of the world’s ______writing systems

•Only Sumerian ______is older

•In 1799 a French soldier found a granite slab, now called the ______Stone, which enabled historians to read ______

•Math

–Used math to build ______and could calculate ______and area

•Developed an accurate 365 day ______

1