Ch 16 Review - function of structures and concepts:

1.  alveolar glands – secrete milk

2.  Androgens – made by interstitial cells

3.  Bulbourethral glands – clear mucus; lubricate

  1. corpus luteum – takes over making progesterone

5.  Ductus deferens - peristalsis

6.  Ejaculatory duct – sperm & seminal fluid together during ejaculation

  1. Embryo – early fertilized egg

8.  Epidiymis – sperm can swim

9.  estrogen

  1. Fetus – starting 9th week
  2. follicle stimulating hormone – starts spermatogenesis
  3. Gamete – egg or sperm/ haplid
  4. Gonad – ovary or testes

14.  Graafian follicle – mature; ready to ovulate

15.  human chorionic gonadotropin – hormone made by embryo; home pee tests

  1. implantation
  2. Interstitial cells – make androgens/ estrogens
  3. layers of uterus – endometrium sloughs off
  4. luteinizing hormone - ovulation

20.  mammary glands – sweat glands

21.  Menarche – first period

22.  Menopause – a year w/o period

23.  menses

  1. menstral cycle – stages, length, regulation – 28 days – proliferative stage does not cause it to be thin and shiny

25.  oogenesis – starts before birth

26.  Oogonia – no more after birth

27.  ovary – several functions

28.  Ovum – needs sperm to finish meiosis

29.  Oxytocin – made by placenta; starts labor

30.  parts of uterus – cervix/ pap smear (doesn’t do entire uterine cancer)

  1. pH differences between male/female slight base/slight acid

32.  placenta – functioning by 3rd week

33.  progesterone – made by corpus luteum

34.  Prostaglandins made by male

  1. Prostate – activate sperm
  2. Relaxin – made by placenta; causes relax of ligaments/cartilage
  3. secondary sex characteristics of male & female = male bones, muscles, hair, voice (not sex drive) female hair, enlarge, widen pelvis, breasts, fat (not decreased fat)

38.  Semen – fluid from seminal vesicle, prostate, bublourethral, semen

39.  Seminiferous tubules – sperm making factories

40.  sperm count – need at least 20 million/ml; live up to 72 hrs

41.  Spermatic cord – nerves, connective tissue, blood vessel, vas deferens

42.  spermatid – need cooler than body temp

43.  spermatogenesis – process & time – starts puberty; triggered by FSH; makes 4 gametes, 64-72 days; under body temp

44.  spermatogonia – primitive stem cell

45.  Testes – 2 functions (exocrine = make sperm, endocrine = testosterone)

46.  testosterone

47.  Urethra parts in male – sperm & urine

48.  uterine (fallopian) tubes – site of fertilization, travel 3-4 days

49.  uterus – fundus is top

50.  vagina

  1. Week? all organs layed down in embryo? – end of 8th week
  2. Gestation – 10 lunar months, 280 days
  3. mitochondria – on sperm for ATP
  4. ovulation – 14 days into cycle