The Thesis Machine*

The thesis machine is a structure of writing, outlining the basic components for effective and successful writing. This type of thesis making is provisional and mechanical. Therefore, the result of this procedure should be polished, and the method itself is designed to be outgrown.

An effective thesis includes the following features:

  • Clarity of word choice (considering proposed audience)
  • Ordering principle: chronological order, cause and effect, logical reasoning, compare and contrast, etc.
  • Focus will be such that the essay can accomplish the aims of the thesis in the length allotted to the essay.
  • Claim: reasonable, not obvious. A thesis is something about which reasonably informed people can disagree.

The Steps / Your Thesis
#1 - Question (topic & issue)
State the general topic of the paper. (Often the topic is defined in the assignment; e.g., Great Depression.)
Recognize and state the specific issue you will address by formulating a question about the topic.
Example: How did the Great Depression affect the unity of the United States? / #1 - Question (topic & issue)
#2 – Claim (your answer)
Give your position on the issue of your question.
Example: The Great Depression pulled the nation apart. / #2 – Claim (your answer)
#3 - Because Clause (Reasons)
Add your main reason(s) in a "because" clause.
By using a "because" type clause, you can convert your answer into a sentence that states your claim while providing a main rationale for the position.
Example: The Great Depression pulled the nation apart because discrimination increased, families were separated, and the division between social classes grew. / #3 - Because Clause – Reason(s)
#4 - Although Clause (the other side)
Refine the rough thesis by adding stipulations in an "although clause" (these are conditions or exceptions to your claim, or the other side of the issue.)
Example: Despite the unifying messages of hope from President Franklin Roosevelt, the Great Depression pulled the nation apart because discrimination increased, families were separated, and the division between social classes grew. / #4 - Although Clause – Exceptions to your Claim
#5 - Reverse & test
Test your faith in the thesis and expose potential counter-arguments by reversing your position.
Example: The Great Depression pulled the nation together because of the unifying messages of hope from President Roosevelt. / #5 - Reverse & test

*Based on Sheridan Baker, The Practical. United States: Harper & Row, 1986.