International RelationsPart 1
Roskin, pgs. 2-10
Kelleher, pgs. 1-6 A:IR1-16
Power and Systems
T/F Questions
1. In international relations, since there is no court, it sometimes requires a nation to take the law into its own hands. True or False
2. By 1910, the balance-of-power system had been stabilized, growing stronger every year during this period. True or False
3. From 1914 to 1945, systems theorists refer to this period as an anti-balance-of-power system that was inherently unstable and temporary. True or False
4. Because of America’s political, economic, and military power, it has been able to stabilize and fashion conditions in Afghanistan to the former’s liking. True or False
5. Historians see two great ages of balance of power, from 1648 to 1789 and again from 1814 to 1914. True or False
6. If something is truly a system, you cannot change just one part of it because most of the other components also change. True or False
7. After unification in 1871, Germany had the location, industry, and population to dominate Europe. True or False
8. Otto Von Bismarck was a militarist and expansionist.By helping to create the Second Reich and unifying Germany, his vision of conquering Europe became a reality. True or False
9. Balance-of-power thinking was credited with the ability to prevent war and was unsuccessfully reintroduced after World War I. True or False
10. Most members of NATO and the Warsaw Pact had superpower military bases on their soil and accepted them as a form of protection. True or False
11. The bipolar system locked the superpowers into frantic arms races that grew increasingly expensive, especially for the weakening Soviet economy. True or False
12. Communism, as an ideology assured that China and the Soviet Union would become and remain strong allies, supporting one another against any and all potential international threats. True or False
13. Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and other Asian “Tigers” were able to turn themselves into economic dynamos that were helped by the Cold War. True or False
Multiple Choice Questions
1. In the arena of international relations, the ability of one country to get another to do (or sometimes not to do) something that it wants: a) power, b) authoritarianism, c) legitimacy, d) oligarchy.
2. The way power is distributed around the globe: a) global dependency, b) planetary hegemony, c) international systems, d) global collectivism.
3. If many countries have roughly equal power, it is likely to be: a) a unipolar system, b) a balance-of-power system, c) a tripartite system, d) an imperial system.
4. Systems theory defined the dominance of the great European empires in the nineteenth century until 1914 as: a) bipolar, b) multipolar, c) balance-of-power, d) clash of civilizations.
5. No overriding power prevents sovereign states from conflicting: a) model capitulation, b) systems theory, c) reification, d) international anarchy.
6. One of the problems with the former Bush administration, cited by Roskin and Berry, involved Condoleezza Rice who was a Soviet specialist, perceiving the world as: a) multipolar, b) bipolar, c) a zone of chaos, d) a balance-of-power.
7. A subset of power, the application of military power: a) force, b) strategic control, c) colonialism, d) geopolitical.
8. U.S. dependency on the following item is the Achilles’ heel of American power, one that we hope to correct: a) yellow cake uranium, b) lithium, c) oil, d) biological agents.
9. The bloodiest war in history until World War II, marking the separation of church and state: a) The American Civil War, b) The Thirty Years War, c) The Napoleonic Wars, d) World War I.
10. A concept that each state rules its territory without interference;having ultimate power. a) sanctity, b) authority, c) sovereignty, d) control.
11. Once Napoleon was defeated, Europe's conservatives met under the guidance of an Austrian Prince to construct a new balance-of-power system that existed from 1814 to 1914: a) Metternichian system, b) Prussian system, c) Franco-German system, d) Anglican system.
12. What eroded the system of balance-of-power in the 19th century that was established with the defeat of Napoleon? a) the rise of communism, b) the effects of World War II, c) the creation of a unipolar world, d) ) the rise of nationalism.
13. Systems thinking originated in: a) biology, b) political science, c) psychology, c) international relations.
14. The strong point about systems thinking is that it trains us to see the world as: a) a series of unrelated parts, b) a whole, c) losing cohesiveness over time, d) unstable and unreliable.
15. The opposite of balance of power where defeated nations fall to the bottom but eventually may regain or surpass their previous position: a) the ladder of hierarchy, b) hierarchy of power, c) dynamic power exchanges, d) diversified power groupings.
16. What two nations arose in the nineteenth century that demanded their own empires:
a) Austria and Turkey, b) Spain and Portugal, c) Germany and Japan, d) the Soviet Union and China.
17. What did German unification in 1871 mean for Europe? a) It created a stronger incentive for peaceful coexistence among European powers, b) It established a powerful competitor that concerned itself with nationalistic and security designs, c) It re-enforced the stability and continuity of the balance-of-power system, d) It assured that Germany would become cooperative and contributing actor in Europe.
18. He was responsible for unifying Germany in 1871: a) Otto von Bismarck, b) Wilhelm Reich, c) Helmut Kohl, d) Adolf Hitler.
19. Who were the dissatisfied winners of World War I? a) Britain and Russia, b) the United States and Turkey, c) Germany and China, d) Italy and Japan.
20. The interwar period after World War I and before World War II is referred to by Roskin, et. al., as: a) bipolar system, b) balance-of-power system, c) antibalance-of-power system, d) unipolar system.
21. The United States attempted to save itself from the international conflicts during the inter-war years by adopting a policy of: a) isolationism, b) acute engagement, c) détente, d) alliances.
22. At the end of World War II, the great European empires, weak at home and facing anticolonial nationalism: a) refused to grant independence to most of the colonial holdings, b) granted independence to virtually all their imperial holdings, c) reneged on their commitment to help rebuild the defeated nations of the world, d) signed new treaties with the nations of the Third World, locking them into perpetual economic and political slavery.
23. The world divided into two power centers after World War II, referred to as the Cold War: a) multipolar, b) unilateral, c) deterrence, d) bipolar.
24. The bipolar system was referred to as a zero-sum game, meaning that: a) The winner always benefits the loser, b) If one player wins a state like Cuba or Vietnam, the other player loses, c) It generated mutual respect with little stress, d) It resulted in a reckless foreign policy, reflective of Vietnam and Afghanistan.
25. During the Cold War, at no time did the Americans tangle directly with the Soviet Union because of: a) nuclear weapons, b) mutual admiration and respect, c) the Third World, d) ideological compatibility.
26. What arose in the Third World that caused the two superpowers to mistakenly fight it? a) nationalism, b) fascism, c) social upheaval, d) economic and political stagnation.
Fill-in Questions
1. The collapse of the Soviet Union ends bipolarity, but ideas on the new system are disputed, ranging from
a) ______(several power centers) to
b) zones of ______and from
c) ______to
d) Chinese-U.S. ______.
2. International relations thinkers use “systems” in two distinct but overlapping ways.
a) First, there is the real system out there in the world, but it is ______, changeable, and hard to ______.
b) Second, there is the ______system we construct in our heads that tries to describe the _____ system.
3. For a balance-of-power system to function, theorists say, it takes the following:
a) there must be at least _____ major players,
b) the major players must share a common ______and ______,
c) and the major players must have a commitment not to ______the system.
4. Why was the balance-of-power system no longer operative by the early twentieth century?
a) By 1914 Europe was divided into ____ hostile, rigid alliances.
b) When one alliance member went to ____—first Austria against Serbia— it ______in its respective ______.
5. The end of World War I resulted in the following:
a) Some ___ million of Europe's population died.
b) Four empires--German, ______-______, Russian, and Turkish--collapsed.
c) From the wreckage grew the twin evils of ______and fascism.
d) The winners--______and France--were so drained and bitter they were unable to enforce the provisions of the ______Treaty on defeated Germany.
e) The international ______was seriously wounded and collapsed a decade later.
Introduction to the Modern World
Kelleher, pgs. 1-6
True or False Questions
1. Kelleher and Klein believe that each individual has filters from which to evaluate and react to the world, leading only to insightful observations and avoiding invidious comparisons. True or False
2. When attempting to understand human behavior, Kelleher and Klein argue that the world view adopted by most people is both limited and historically created. True or False
3. Culture areas designate those portions of the world whose people share similar beliefs, customs, languages, and skills. True or False
4. In the flow of human history, Kelleher and Klein argue, the division of the world's territory into state-controlled areas based on the European model is relatively new. True or False
5. Because the world as we know it has changed dramatically within the past few hundred years, Kelleher and Klein believe that it is reasonable to expect equally dramatic changes in the future. True or False
6. At the time of the mid-14th century, continents that were often pictured as uncivilized by Europeans actually had complex societies. True or False
7. In spite of Chinese scientific achievements by 1350, Europeans were much further advanced in the latter's nautical knowledge and shipbuilding technologies. True or False
8. Sadly, the African continent had little to offer in 1350 when considering complex civilizations. True or False
9. As an age of major transition in Europe, the 14th century was a period of peaceful coexistence and stability, adding trade routes into the far reaches of the planet and the incorporation of major technologies and innovations. True or False
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The world’s most powerful institution for the last few hundred years: a) the corporation, b) technology, c) the state, d) religion.
2. The following raises the central issue of whether or not individual states can operate as independently as they have in previous eras: a) globalization, b) communications, c) transportation systems, d) currency.
3. Kelleher and Klein look at the world based the following: a) as a planetary whole with the environment playing the most dominant role, b) as a transient enterprise too complex to effectively organize and regulate, c) comprised of topography, culture, and states, d) as a political entity where a universal body neutralizes problem states.
4. When perceiving the world based on its physical mosaic (topography), human differences and constructions are: a) transient and seem insignificant, b) critical and important for distinguishing sovereignty and responsibility, c) vital for identifying who is favored and who is not, based on resources, d) reinforced because of political, economic and military power.
5. Which of the following takes primacy when filtering the world in a political context? a) topography, b) demographics, c) culture, d) nation-states.
6. Cultural maps of the world are found mainly in the offices and classrooms of the following: a) biologists, b) political scientists, c) anthropologists, d) economists.
7. A mixture of indigenous and Spanish-speaking people in South America: a) Creoles, b) Mestizos, c) Mulattos, d) Ethnics.
8. What Chinese invention in the 1400s would provide Europeans a decisive military edge in confronting other civilizations? a) steel, b) gunpowder, c) canons, d) paper.
9. In the 800s, the following had the largest cities in the world: a) the Middle East, b) China, c) Europe, d) the Americas
10. The following had preserved ancient Greek manuscripts with their scientific knowledge and humanistic philosophies: a) the Ottoman Turks, b) the Mongols, c) the Europeans, d) the Arabs
11. What city was the center of trade for the Mali Empire in Africa by 1350? a) Timbuktu, b) Tenochtitlan, c) Cairo, d) Mesopotamia.
12. Prior to European colonization, the following lived in what is today Guatemala and Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula: a) Incas, b) Mayans, c) Aztecs, d) Navajos
13. Tenochtitlan was: a) an ancient tradition arising in central America, b) the tribes found in the Chilean peninsula, c) the capital city of the previous civilizations of Mexico, d) a method of irrigation used by the Inca civilization.
14. The following killed millions and lowered life expectancy in England from 34 years to 17 years during the 14th century: a) bubonic plague, b) syphilis, c) tuberculosis, d) malaria.
Fill-in Questions
1. Why do Kelleher and Klein believe that World War II is the watershed event of the 20th century?
a) It established the international ______now used in responding to current ______issues.
b) It propelled the ______into a leading role.
2. How have human beings brought about revolutionary alterations to the physical world?
a) ______rivers,
b) cutting ______,
c) ______lakes and oceans,
`d) killing off large numbers of ______in a very short span of time.
3. Tracing its origins back a few thousand years, by 1350 China had developed an elaborate state characterized by:
a) a resilient and highly stable ______structure,
b) supported by an advanced ______,
c) with its vast ______systems, and
d) legitimized by profound ______and ______systems of thought.
Answers
True or False Questions, Roskin, pgs. 2-10
1. True
3. True
5. True
7. True
9. False
11. True
13. True
Multiple Choice Questions
1. a
3. b
5. d
7. a
9. b
11. a
13. a
15. b
17. b
19. d
21. a
23. d
25. a
Fill-in Questions
1. a) multipolar, b) chaos, c) globalization, d) duopoly
3. a) five, b) culture, viewpoint, c) wreck
3. a) 15, b) Austro-Hungarian, c) communism, d) Britain, Versailles, e) economy
True or False Questions, Kelleher, pgs. 1-6
1. False
3. True
5. True
7. False
9. False
Multiple Choice Questions
1. c
3. c
5. d
7. b
9. a
11. a
13. c
Fill-in Questions
1. a) institutions, global, b) United States
3. a) social, b) economy, c) irrigation, d) philosophical, religious
1-1