130. Wilson’s 14 Points
Point 1 No more alliances or secret agreemants between nations.
Point 5 No sharing of German colonies among Allies. This would be unfair
Point 8 Alsace and Lorraine to be returned to France
Point 13 Poland is to be made a nation again (from 1795)
Point 14 A League of Nations to be formed. The League would get nations to solve problems by talking not fighting.
131. National Self determination meant
Copy box 2 in source 36
Collective Security meant
Copy box 1 in source 36
132. He wanted fair treatment of Germans. BUT he accepted that British public wanted revenge. “Hang the Kaiser”
133. Orlando wanted Italy to get land, South Tyrol. Italy seen as land grabbers and had done little to help win the war for the Allies.
134. Hall of Mirrors, Palace of Versailles, Paris
135. To humiliate the Germans because it was where the Germans made the French give away Alsace Lorraine to the Germans in 1871
136. 28th June 1919
137. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles – How the Germans were dealt with by the Allied nations. The Germans were not allowed to have any discussion of the terms.
Alsace Lorraine
Poland
Colonies
100,000
Rhineland
Artillery, tanks conscription
Submarines battleships
£6.6 billion (£6,000,000,000)
League of Nations
138. Complete the map of Europe
139.
a. Yugoslavia
b. Czechoslovakia
c. Poland
d. Lithuania
e. Estonia
f. Latvia
g. Finland
h. Austria
i. Hungary
ATTITUDES TO THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
140. GERMAN
a. Hated it because they were told what to do with no chance to discuss it. They called it a dictated peace – DIKTAT
b. Told to disarm – no navy, airforce, only small army
c. Told to give up Alsace lorraine, colonies, Polish Corridor
d. Told to pay huge reparation bill
e. Told could not join League of Nations. Therefore Germans feel excluded and unsafe.
f. Clause 231 – Germany must take the blame for the war.
141. FRENCH
T of V not harsh enough
Wanted the 4 R’s
· Revenge – for 1870 and 1914 - 1918
· Ruin of Germany so it could never threaten France again
· Reparations – payment not big enough
· Restore – rebuild damage done to Alsace – Lorraine
142. BRITISH
Treaty is fair
· No German navy is good
· Big payment for damage is good
BUT Treaty was severe because
· Not good to make Germany a weak economy
· French have control of German coal, iron and steel in Rhineland
· Germany not the only one to blame for starting the war.
AMERICANS
Condemned treaty because
· It would be bad for business to have a weak Germany
· Undemocratic way the Treaty was created.
143. USA was the richest and strongest country in the world
144. Cartoonist wants to show that the US government does not want to support the League of Nations even though it was the US President’s idea. The keystone is missing so the “bridge” (The League of Nations) is weak
145. The message is: The Peace treaty will be the cause of another war in 20 years time: “The 1940’s child”. He is crying because he will have to be a soldier in about 20 years.
146. Words used like – “disgraceful treaty”…..”Vengeance German Nation”
Design used – border is in mourning black
147. If a member nation was attacked other members should help.
The League of Nations
Russians
Russians were Communists and Germans were “uncivilised”
USA scared of getting involved in European problems and another war.
Geneva
Assembly
Council of the League
GB, France, Italy, Japan, Germany (1926 to 1933)
148. Sanctions
Moral – please stop, we disapprove of you being aggressive
Economic – ban trading with aggressive nation
Military – a League armed force made up from member nations
Countries were reluctant to send more young men to fight again so soon after the war.
USA was the strongest and richest country in the world
149. refugees ………slave trade.
Sweden………..Finland
Belgian…………Ruhr…………Corfu.