Grade 9 Health & Physical Education: Fitness Unit Project
Final Project Due: Monday, November 29th, 2010 in class
Late Penalty: minus 5% per day (including weekend days)
Part A: Healthy Active Living (97 points total)
A. Essay (63 pts.)
1. Write a minimum 500 word 5 paragraph essay about a sports or fitness person, topic, or Olympic sport. Your topic MUST be approved by your physical education teacher. Please ensure that you use Times New Roman font at size 12 and that your essay is double spaced with margins set at 1 inch. Use the library to find scientific journal articles, books, magazine articles, and other scholarly sources to support your arguments. You may use internet sources as well, but remember that Wikipedia is NOT deemed a reputable source and will not be accepted as a source. You must include references in your essay (footnotes), and must include a References page. On your References page, please list the author, source, publishing company or internet URL address, page number, and publication date for any information cited that is not originally by you. See the page about references for more information.
Your essay should including the following:
-An introduction expressing your personal thoughts regarding the topic.
-Essential information about the history and background regarding the topic/person.
-Basic principles (rules and regulations) governing participation in the sport.
-Significant contributions of the person or sport to the culture.
-Significant changes or events that have had an impact on the sport or person.
-Qualities which make the person or sport unique.
-A conclusion expressing your personal synopsis of the topic researched.
Timeline:
Friday, November 5th: Topic submitted for review (1 pt.)
Wednesday, November 10th: Essay thesis for review (1 pt.)
Monday, November 15th: Paragraph topic sentences with 2 main points/paragraph for review (1 pt.)
B. Knowledge and Understanding Questions (34 pts.)
Answer the following questions. Answers must be typed double-spaced, using Times New Roman font at size 12, with margins set at 1 inch. There is no minimum word amount for each question, but ensure that your answers are detailed and easily understood. This will help you get the maximum amount of points per question.
1. In what ways does too much body fat negatively affect your health? Include examples. (3 pts.)
2. Explain the differences between “health-related fitness” and “skill-related fitness”. (Hint: Define each term, and then compare them to provide a clear answer). Please provide at least 2 examples of each type of fitness in your response to clearly explain the differences between these two types of fitness. (8 pts.)
3. Re-create the Wellness-Awareness Continuum graph found in your class notes. Under each heading, list and explain three things that you are currently doing to lead a healthy active lifestyle that pertain to that specific component of the Continuum. Your graph should look like this: (12 pts.)
Conscious / Active / Wise / Committed4. Calculate your average Resting Heart Rate over a period of three mornings and record your findings. Once you have determined your average, calculate your Heart Rate Reserve to find your Target Heart Rate Zone. Explain why it is important to know your Target Heart Rate Zone. (5 pts.)
5. Design an effective exercise plan for a period of 75 minutes in a weight room. Your plan must include a main activity, as well as an appropriate warm-up and cool-down. You may use pictures and/or diagrams to illustrate your plan; however, you must include a step by step written account of the fitness plan. (6 pts.)
Part B: Fitness Plan (25 points total)
Write a three page, double spaced reflection about your 6 week journey to reach your SMART goal. Firstly, write out your SMART goal (be specific!). Then, create a FITT chart that describes how you went about reaching your SMART goal. Make sure that you include your 6 completed exercise logs (attach them to this section of the project) and reference them when you are reflecting on your successes/difficulties in reaching your SMART goal. Your reflection ought to show your strengths and weaknesses in following through with your goal, how you felt throughout the process of trying to reach your goal, and what your “next steps” are in terms of fitness. Be honest with yourself when writing this section – it will help to show you what you did well this time, or what you might need to improve upon in future fitness endeavours!
-5 points for a SMART goal
-4 points for a FITT chart
-1 point per weekly exercise log (6 pts.)
-2 points for explaining strengths and weaknesses in following through with your fitness plan
-2 points for how you felt while attempting to reach your goal
-3 points for explaining your “next steps” in the quest for adequate physical fitness
-3 points for logical and interesting writing, and adherence to the length and formatting requirements
Part C: The Human Body (24 points total)
1. Produce a schematic drawing to show the path of blood through the heart. In addition to your drawing, include information about how the heart pumps blood to the lungs and to the body (feel free to use a concept map to illustrate this process if you wish, but ensure that the steps in this process are explained in writing at the very least). (8 pts.)
2. Describe the functions of the two components of the respiratory system (conductive zone and respiratory zone). Include an illustration of these processes at work to compliment your written answer. (6 pts)
3. List and describe the three types of muscle found within the human body and explain the sliding filament theory. (10 pts.)
Information on Referencing Sources
The proper use of a referencing system can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the intentional or accidental un-credited use of source material created by others. Most importantly, properly using a referencing system builds credibility by demonstrating that you are accountable to source materials.
You should always include a footnote each time you use a source, whether through a direct quotation or through a paraphrase. Footnotes will be added at the end of the page on which the source is referenced. Add a footnote by searching in the “References” tab in Microsoft Word and selecting “Footnote.” A superscript number corresponding to a note with bibliographic information for that source will then be placed in the text, following the end of the sentence in which the source is referenced.
(a) Generally, the footnotes that you place in the text of your essay/written work should follow this formula:
1 Firstname Lastname, “Title of article,” Name of magazine Volume, issue number (Year of publication): page number where you found the information used.
** If you use the same source and page number from a single source two or more times consecutively, the corresponding note should use “Ibid”, followed by a comma and the page number, if it is different.
(b) When you prepare a References page (this is a separate sheet found at the end of your essay/written work) that includes all sources used, the formula used to represent each entry changes as follows:
Lastname, Firstname. “Title of article.” Name of magazine Volume, issue number (Year of publication): first and last pages of the article.
Make sure that your Reference page lists all sources in alphabetical order and do not number your entries.
Example from an excerpt:
According to Warren et al., osteoporosis is a pervasive disease affecting mostly women and it is thus important to establish a preventative exercise prescription that will assist women in protecting their current bone mineral content and density, and that will decrease the risk of osteoporotic fractures associated with osteoporosis1. It has been shown that mechanical loading applied to a bone has a direct effect on bone mineral remodeling, and that physical activity, especially strength training, is a major factor by which this loading occurs2. In fact, the muscle hypertrophy resulting from strength training does increase the contractile force from the tendon to the muscle insertion on the bone, leading to mechanical loading on this site. A progressive overload technique will also help encourage bone formation. Determining the effects of strength (mechanical loading) training on bone mineral density is purposively undertaken in premenopausal participants as peak bone mass occurs in the third and fourth decades of life and because the reversal in bone loss for menopausal and post-menopausal women is near impossible3. To this end, it is important to establish helpful preventative measures to maximize bone mineral density before menopause.
______
1 M. Warren; Moira A. Petit; Peter J. Hannan; Kathryn H. Schmitz, “Strength training effects on bone mineral content and density in premenopausal women,” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 40, no. 7 (2008): 1283.
2 Ibid, 1281.
3 Jeffrey Recker, “Bone gain in young adult women,” JAMA 268, no. 1 (1992): 2408.
References
Recker, Jeffrey. “Bone gain in young adult women.” JAMA 268, no. 1 (1992): 2408-2417.
Warren, M.; Petit, Moira A.; Hannan, Peter J.; Schmitz, Kathryn H. “Strength training effects on bone mineral content and density in premenopausal women.” Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 40, no. 7 (2008): 1280-1283.