Triangle Trade Questions – Teachers Notes
4. The Transatlantic Slave Trade
Pre-viewing question
Q: Who benefited from the transatlantic slave trade?
A: As we discussed – all industries (North & South) benefited from the trade. Examples: shipbuilders, sail makers, lumber companies, and merchants, farmers of produce, textile mills, and factories in the North. South: plantation owners, traders, etc Answers will vary.
Post-viewing question
Q: Describe the transatlantic slave trade.
A: The transatlantic slave trade was the largest forced migration in human history and a very lucrative business. Running from the 15th century through most of the 19th century, slave ships made roughly 39,000 voyages from Africa to the Americas. The millions of men, women, and children aboard these ships were instrumental in building commerce and wealth in the New World
6. Traveling the Middle Passage
Pre-viewing question
Q: What was the Middle Passage?
A: It was the route followed by the slave ships across the Atlantic Ocean. Most slave ships traveled from West Africa to Brazil or the West Indies. Approximately 550 slaves per ship, had an average of 24” of space; 5-12 weeks per passage; 15-20% died in route; only 5% of all slaves traded to the U.S.
Post-viewing question
Q: What did the names and conditions of the slave ships say about the slave merchants’ views of slavery?
A: Ships names were meant to honor family or project an image: Olive Branch, Dove, Liberty, Hope, Betty) The perceptionthat slaves were only cargo so no special consideration would be given to their welfare. Answerswill vary.
7. Trading People for Goods
Pre-viewing question
Q: How did slave traders view the material value of human life?
A: Slaves had a product value. They could equate the value of a slave with gold, shells, gunpowder, etc. Answers will vary.
Post-viewing question
Q: What did merchants trade the Africans in exchange for slaves?
A: Traders exchanged many different kinds of goods for humans. African kings and slave owners wanted gunpowder, brandy, and other goods. Cowry shells, small seashells indigenous to the Indian Ocean near the MaldivesIslands, were the currency of choice. A trader could pay as much as 40,000 shells for one slave.
8. Triangle of Profit
Pre-viewing question
Q: Describe businesses and industries that depend on one another.
A: See above. Answers will vary.
Post-viewing question
Q: Describe the triangular trade associated with the practice of slavery.
A: The lucrative slave trade created a great triangle of profit between Africa, the tropical Americas, and Europe. Goods and commodities were shipped from Europe to Africa to buy slaves. Slaves were shipped to the Americas to grow sugar and other crops. Those crops were then shipped to Europe, where they were manufactured for re-export to Africa and were then used to buy more slaves.
1st Triangle:
Colonies to Africa: mfg. goods
Africa to West Indies: slaves, gold, pepper
West Indies to Colonies: slaves, molasses, sugar SOLD FOR A PROFIT
2nd Triangle:
Colonies to West Indies: food products, lumber
West Indies to Great Britain (England): fruit, sugar, molasses
Great Britain to Colonies: mfg. goods, - SOLD FOR A PROFIT
3rd Triangle:
Colonies to Southern Europe: lumber, preserved fish, meat and grain
Southern Europe to England: fruit and wine
England to Colonies: mfg, goods – SOLD FOR A PROFIT