31-1 ReptilesName ______

1. A reptile is a ______that has dry, scaly skin, lungs, and terrestrial ______with several membranes.

2. The body covering of reptiles (scales) helps to prevent what? ______

3. What is the disadvantage of having scaly skin? ______

Evolution of Reptiles

4. The fossil of the first known reptile dates back to the ______period.

5. What does the word “dinosaur” translate to? ______

6. The Mesozoic period is also known as the ______

7. What dinosaur is known to have traveled in family groups? ______

8. What branch of dinosaurs lead to modern birds? ______

9. In what period did the dinosaurs become extinct? ______
How many millions of years ago? ______

Form and Function in Reptiles

10. List seven adaptations that have contributed to the success of reptiles on land:

______

______

______

______

11. Ecotherms rely on ______to control their body temperature.

12. Name a herbivorous reptiles: ______A carnivorous reptile: ______

13. Reptiles breathe using [ lungs / gills / both lungs and gills ]

14. Several species of crocodiles have flaps of skin that separate the mouth from the nasal cavity, this allows them to ______

15. Reptiles have [ single / double / triple ] loop circulation.

16. Reptile hearts have two ______and one or two ______

17. What reptile has a four chambered heart? ______

18. Urine is produced by the ______

19. Reptiles that live in water excrete their wastes in the form of ______and must drink a large amount of ______.

20. Land reptiles convert ammonia to ______; this helps them to conserve ______

21. Most reptiles have a pair of sensory organs in the roof of their mouth that can

______when reptiles flick their tongues

22. Because the legs of reptiles are rotated further under the body, reptiles can ______

23. Reptiles reproduce by [ internal / external ] fertilization.

24. An oviparous reptile lays eggs that ______

An ovoviviparous reptile has young that are ______

25. What type of egg do reptiles have? ______

26. See Figure 31-8 “The Amniotic Egg” – Match the structure with the function

______Allantoisa. regulates the transport of oxygen

______Amnionb. food supply

______Chorionc. fluid filled sac surrounding the embryo

______Yolk Sacd. stores waste

27. See Figure 31-4
to label the turtle.

Groups of Reptiles

28. What are the four surviving groups of reptiles?

______

29. Lizards and snakes belong to the Order ______

30. What lizard produces venom? ______

31. What type of snake can become very large (named in the book) ______

32. What are the four types of Crocodilia? ______

33. Where are alligators found? ______

34. Members of the Order Testudines that live in water are called ______;

Those that live on land are called ______

Those that live in salty water are called ______

35. The dorsal part of the turtle’s shell is called the ______

The ventral part of the shell is called the ______

36. Where is the tuatara found? ______

37. How are tuataras different from other lizards? ______

Ecology of Reptiles

38. Why are many reptiles in danger? ______

39. What products can be made from reptile skin? ______

40. Sea turtle recovery programs help turtles by:

a. bringing their eggs to an incubation stationb. rescuing adult turtles from nets

c. raising baby turtles in zoosd. forcing turtles back into the ocean