LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS-ESTABLISHED YEAR-HEADQUARTER
Sr. No. / Title / Year / PlaceAMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION / 1876 / CHICAGO
LIBRARY ASSOCIATION(UK) / 1977 / LONDON
SPECIAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION(SLA)US / 1909 / WASHINGTON
INDIAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION(ILA) / 1933 / NEW DELHI
INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF SPECIAL LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS(IASLIC) / 1955 / CALCUTTA
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF LIBRARY ASSOCIATIONS (IFLA)-- / 1927 / THE HAUGE
COMMONWEALTH LIBRARY ASSOCIATION (COMLA) / 1972 / KINGSTON
ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT(ASLIB) / 1924 / LONDON
INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF TEACHERS OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCES(IATLIS) / 1969
INDEXING SYSTEMS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTOR
CHAIN INDEX S.R.RANGANATHAN
PRECISDEREK AUSTIN
POPSIG.BHATTACHARYA
UNITERM INDEXINGM.TAUBE
KEYWORD INDEXINGH.P.LUHN
CITATION INDEXINGEUGINE GARFIELD
SUBJECT INDEXINGM.E.SEARS
SLIC INDEXINGJ.R.SHARP
AUTOMATIC INDEXINGHERBERT OHLMAN
THESAURASP.M.ROGET
CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES AND YEAR OF PUBLICATION
Dewey Decimal Classification1876
Expansive Classificatgion 1891
Library of congress Classification1904
Universal Decimal Classification1905
Subject Classification1906
Colon Classification1933
Bibliographic Classification1935
Riders Internation Classification1961
Broad System of Ordering1978
MANAGEMENT THEORIES AND THEIR PROFOUNDERS
Scientific Management Principles F.W. Taylor
Principles of Management Henry Fayol
Management by Objectives Peter Drucker
Hierarchy of Need Theory A.Maslaw
Theory X and Theory Y D. McGregor
Motivation Hygien approach F. Herzberg
Social Realation of Management Elton Mayo
Internet Related Questions
• What is INTERNET?
Ans: Internet is the world's largest computer network, the "network of networks". Scattered all over the world
• When was the INTERNET Created?
Ans: It was created thirty six years ago as a project of U.S Department of Defense,
• What Internet service provider (ISP)?
Ans: It is the companies that provide INTERNET access.
• What is WWW?
Ans: It is the system based hypertext and HTTP for providing organizing and accessing wide verity of resources that are available by the INTERNET.
• What is web page?
Ans: It is a unit of information often called a document that is available over the WWW.
• Name the protocol that allows a computer to use the TCP/IP protocol and connected directly to the Net using a standard voice telephone line and high speed modem:
Ans: P PP (point-to-point protocol)]
• It is a software program that acts as an interface between the user and WWW what is it?
Ans: Web Browser
• Name two different type of Web Browser:
Ans: Text-based browser and Graphical Browser
• It collects and organizes resources that are available via the WWW, and designed to provide a starting point for locating information. Name it:
Ans: Web Index
• It is an interactive tool that enables to locate information available via Name it:
Ans: Search Engine
• It is unique, numeric identifier used to specify a particular host computer on a particular network, and is part of a global , standard’s scheme of identifying machines that are connected with INTERNET Name it:
Ans: IP Address (Internet Protocol)
• It is the way of identify and locate computers connected to the INTERNET Name it:
Ans: Domain Name
• It provides hierarchical way of identifying and locating INTERNET resources on the WWW Name It:
Ans: Uniform Resources Locater (URL)
• A binding document signed by all users that explains the rules of INTERNET use at an institution. Name it:
Ans: Acceptable user policy (AUP)
• What is gopher?
Ans: It is a protocol designed to search, retrieve and display documents from remote site on the Internet
• It is an Internet search tool that has the capability of searching many databases at one time. Name it:
Ans: Wide area information service (WAIS)
• What is FTP (file transfer protocol?)
Ans: The medium that allows transferring of files between computers on the net using an FTP program or via Netscape
• What is E-Journal?
Ans: It is an electronics publications, typically found in academic circles
• What is NNTP?
Ans: Network News Transport Protocol-This is used to distribute network news
• Name the security feature that allows access to information on an individual basis:
Ans: Authentication
MIPS is an acronym for:
Ans: Millions of instructions per second
The duplicate copy of data/program on a separate storage medium is called:
Ans: Back up
A center processor placed on a semi-conductor chip is called as a:
Ans: Microprocessor
Who invented the modem?
Ans: AT&T Information System, USA
Which is standard internet protocol for distributing E-Mail?
Ans: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
The computer generated environment is called:
Ans: Virtual
Who coined the term hypertext in 1965?
Ans: Ted Nelson
Which protocol provides basis for the net?
Ans: Internet Protocol –IP
INSPEC (Information Service for the Physics and Engineering Community)
The Inspec database is an invaluable information resource , contains nearly 13 million abstracts and specialized
indexing to the world's quality research literature in the fields of physics and engineering. …...... IMP
published by the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) [ formerly by the Institution of Electrical
Engineers (IEE),] London
1898 – IEE started the publication of “Science Abstracts” in January 1898 …...... IMP
Inspec was started in 1967 as an outgrowth of the Science Abstracts service
Coverage Subjects : Physics, Computer science,Mechanical engineering, Electrical engineering, Electronic
engineering, Communications,Control engineering, Information technology, Manufacturing,Mechanical engineering
It's Update frequency is Weekly
Since 1967, electronic access to Science Abstracts has been provided by INSPEC
Access to INSPEC is currently by the Internet through Inspec Direct from 2008...... IMP
Summer 2005 saw Inspec accredited with the ISO9001:2000 quality standard for its production system.
Inspec landmarks [Its r details , not necessary to remember all of it.]
1960s
1964 - Current Papers for the Professional and Electrical and Electronics Engineer launched;
1966 - Control Abstracts - Science Abstracts Section C launched;
1966 - Current Papers in Control and Current Papers in Physics launched;
1967 - INSPEC launched;
1969 - Computerized production system;
1969 - Control Abstracts becomes Computer and Control Abstracts.
1970s
1970 - INSPEC Magnetic Tape Service introduced;
1970 - SDI and Topics Services launched;
1971 - INSPEC Treatment Codes introduced;
1972 - August - First issue of INSPEC Matters;
1973 - January - INSPEC Thesaurus and Unified Classification Scheme introduced;
1973 - September - INSPEC goes online at Lockheed DIALOG via the Tymeshare network in the USA;
1974 - INSPEC goes online at CISTI and at ESA-IRS;
1974 - September - 1000th issue of Physics Abstracts;
1974 - October - Physics Abstracts reaches one million abstracts;
1975 - Key Abstracts series launched - 6 titles;
1977 - INSPEC goes online at BRS;
1978 - INSPEC goes online at SDC Orbit and FIZ Karlsruhe.
1980s
1981 - April - Electrical and Electronics Abstracts reaches 1000th issue;
1982 - March - Inspec reaches 2 million records;
1983 - IT Focus launched (Section D of the database);
1983 - August - Electrical and Electronics Abstracts reaches one million abstracts;
1984 - July Physics Abstracts reaches two million abstracts;
1984 - September - Inspec extends coverage to IEEE standards;
1984 - October - Japan Update - weekly updating service introduced;
1985 - Treatment code R ('Product Reviews') introduced;
1986 - April - Inspec available on STN;
1987 - January - Inspec reload on ESA-IRS. File now goes back to 1969;
1987 - Chemical and numerical data indexing introduced;
1987 - Inspec reaches three million records;
1988 - January - Key Abstracts series increased to 18 titles;
1988 - January - Topics and SDI service revamped - output now laser printed;
1988 - June - Inspec Thesaurus available on STN;
1989 - June - Database Upgrade Project completed. Revised database named INSPEC2.
1990s
1990 - November - INSPEC2 loaded on DIALOG;
1990 - December - INSPEC2 loaded on STN;
1991 - March - INSPEC2 loaded on Data-Star;
1991 - September - InspecOndisc (produced by UMI) launched;
1991 - October - Inspec reaches four million records;
1992 - Weekly updating of Tape Service introduced;
1992 - Correction Tape Service introduced;
1993 - First loading of corrected records on Data-Star and ESA-IRS;
1993 - November - Inspec available on OCLC's EPIC and FirstSearch Services;
1993 - December - Inspec wins best Information Product from the European Online User Group for the quality
Enhancements made to INSPEC2;
1994 - Inspec's Document Delivery Service (run by Ask*IEEE) introduced;
1995 - January - FIZ Kahlsruhe and INSPEC merge the INSPEC and PHYS databases;
1995 - January - Astronomical Object Indexing introduced;
1995 - June - Inspec reaches five million records;
1995 - December - site licences (hard disc) made available from SilverPlatter;
1996 - Inspec extends coverage to electronic journals;
1996 - Site Licences (hard disc) made available from Ovid;
1997 - Institute of Physics links cited references in journal articles to Inspec records;
1997 - Inspec goes online at QUESTEL;
1998 - Inspec US Marketing Office moves to new location;
1998 - June - Inspec announces New Windows CD-ROM (produced by Headfast);
1998 - August - Inspec reaches six million records;
1998 - October - Inspec national site licence made available for academic institutions in the United Kingdom and the
Republic of Ireland.
2000s
2000 - January - Electronic delivery (via e-mail in HTML format) of INSPEC's fortnightly Topics and SDI service;
2000 - February - Inspec® made available via ScienceDirect®;
2000 - March - Prominent IEE Journals made available via SilverPlatter'sSilverLinker®;
2001 - August - Inspec reaches seven million records;
2002 - Inspec available on Web of Knowledge;
2002 - Inspec available on EBSCOhost;
2003 - December - Section E: manufacturing and production engineering added;
2003 - Inspec sales office opened in Hong Kong;
2004 - Inspec Archive (Science Abstracts 1898 - 1968) produced;
2004 - Inspec reaches eight million records;
2008 - Inspec Direct launched;
2008 - Inspec reaches ten million records.
Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS )
• It is premier bibliographic database in life sciences with a concentration on biomedicine.
• Since 1879, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) has published Index Medicus, a monthly guide to
medical articles in thousands of journals.
• It was launched by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) in 1964 as a computerised system
known as MEDLARS.
• In 1971 an online version called MEDLINE
• The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in
Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library.
• MEDLINE is the primary component of PubMed
• Some of the data bases–MEDLINE, CATLINE,AVLINE, HISTLINE, SERLINE, and SDILINE–
are created and maintained solely by NLM.
Some of the Databases of NLM
PubMed
PubMed comprises more than 21 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science
journals, and online books
MeSH Browser
The MeSH Browser is an online vocabulary look-up aid available for use with MeSH® (Medical Subject
Headings). It is designed to help quickly locate descriptors of possible interest and to show the hierarchy in
which descriptors of interest appear. Virtually complete MeSH records are available, including the scope
notes, annotations, entry vocabulary, history notes, allowable qualifiers, etc
TOXNET - Databases on toxicology, hazardous chemicals, environmental health, and toxic releases.
Web Browser …..One Question May be
1990 --The first web browser was invented in byTim Berners-Lee. It was calledWorldWideWeband was later renamed Nexus
A web browser are anapplication software
The major web browsers areFirefox,Google Chrome,Internet Explorer,Opera, and Safari
Launched Year / Web Browser / Developed by1994 / Netscape Navigator / Netscape Communications Corporation (now part of AOL)
1995 / Internet Explorer / Microsoft Corporation / the most widely used web browser
1996 / Opera / Opera Software ASA
2003 / Safari / Apple Inc.
2004 / Mozilla Firefox / Mozilla Corporation / Open Source Web Browser
2008 / Google Chrome / Google
Usages of Web Browser (As On 2012)
Internet Explorer 27.95%
Google Chrome 23.96%
Firefox21.80%
Safari 13.64%
Web Browser and Examination View
Question may on First web Browser?
Ans- 1990 --The first web browser was invented in byTim Berners-Lee. It was calledWorldWideWeband was later renamed Nexus
Which is the Open Source web Browser
Ans-
2004 / Mozilla Firefox / Mozilla Corporation / Open Source Web BrowserWhat is Web Browser? With options (System software, Application software, operating software, search Engine)
Ans-
1995 / Internet Explorer / Microsoft Corporation / the most widely used web browserMatching the Pairs –Web Browser and Their Developers or web Browser and one example is another side
List is given and ask which is odd one or which is not a web browse
Unicode ?
UNICODE stands for Universal character encoding, maintainedby the Unicode Consortium.
This encoding standard provides the basis for processing,storage and interchange of text data in any language in all modern software and ICTprotocols.
It uses two bytes or 16 bits to code each character.
What is firewall
A system designed to prevent unauthorizedaccessto or from a privatenetwork. Firewalls can be implemented in bothhardwareandsoftware, or a combination of both. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorizedInternetusers from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especiallyintranets. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specifiedsecuritycriteria.
What is Webinar?
Webinar is a short for Web-based seminar, a presentation, lecture, workshop or seminar that is transmitted over the Web.
A key feature of a Webinar is its interactive elements -- the ability to give, receive and discuss information. Contrast with Webcast, in which the data transmission is one way and does not allow interaction between the presenter and the audience.
What is router?
-A device that forwards data packets along networks. A router is connected to at least two networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP??s network. Routers are located at gateways, the places where two or more networks connect.
Routers use headers and forwarding tables to determine the best path for forwarding the packets, and they use protocols such as ICMP to communicate with each other and configure the best route between any two hosts.
What is Delphi Technique ?
Delphi technique helps managers and decision makers to make better forecasts and advice. This method recognises human judgments as legitimate and makes useful inputs in generating forecasts and also that the judgment of a number of informed people is likely to be better than the judgment of a single individual who may be misinformed or highly biased. Thus, the Delphi technique is a way of allowing only those interactions to occur that are likely to improve the quality of a forecast or decision.
The Delphi Technique has been widely used to generate forecasts in technology, education and other fields. It may also be possible to apply this technique as an evaluation technique in case a situation demands.
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)
The Program (or Project) Evaluation and Review Technique, commonly abbreviated PERT,
is a statistical tool, used in project management
is designed to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a given project
developed by the United States Navy in the 1950s
it is commonly used in conjunction with the critical path method or CPM.
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (code-named PERT) is applied as a decision-making
tool designed to save time in achieving end-objectives, and is of particular interest to those
engaged in research and development programs for which time is a critical factor.
Critical path method (CPM)
The critical path method (CPM) is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities
It is an important tool for effective project management.
The critical path method (CPM) is a project modeling technique developed in the late
1950s by Morgan R. Walker of DuPont and James E. Kelley, Jr. of Remington Rand
CPM calculates the longest path of planned activities to the end of the project, and the earliest
and latest that each activity can start and finish without making the project longer
In project management, a critical path is the sequence of project network activities which add upto the longest overall duration
Shannon–Weaver model of communicationhas been called the "mother of all models.
It embodies the concepts ofinformation source,message,transmitter,signal,channel,noise,receiver,
In 1948Claude Elwood ShannonpublishedA Mathematical Theory of Communicationarticle in two parts in the July and October numbers of the Bell System Technical Journal.[2
The book co-authored withWarren Weaver,The Mathematical Theory of Communication, reprints Shannon's 1948 article and Weaver's popularization of it
Shannon's theory is used more literally and is referred to asShannon theory, orinformation theory
Shannon's formulais
where C ischannel capacitymeasured in bits/second, W is the bandwidth in Hz, S is the signal level in watts across the bandwidth W, and N is the noise power in watts in the bandwidth W.
Electronic mail?
commonly known asemailore-mail
An email message consists of three components, the messageenvelope, the messageheader, and the messagebody.
What is WorldCat?
WorldCat is a global network of library content and services that uses the Web to let your institution be more connected, more open and more productive.
WorldCatis aunion catalog
WorldCat was founded byFred Kilgourin 1967
It is the world's largestbibliographicdatabase
In 2003, OCLC began the "Open WorldCat" pilot program
OCLC makes WorldCat itself available free to libraries
N-LIST?
An Initiative ofMinistry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) Under the National Mission on Education through ICT
NLIST abbreviated as "National Library and Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content “
Besides 12B/2F colleges, NLIST Programme is now opened to Non -Aided Colleges (except Agriculture, Engineering, Management, Medical, Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing).
being jointly executed by the UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, INFLIBNET Centre and the INDEST-AICTE Consortium, IIT Delhi for i) cross-subscription to e-resources subscribed by the two Consortia, i.e. subscription to INDEST-AICTE resources for universities and UGCINFONET resources for technical institutions; and ii) access to selected e-resources to colleges.
The N-LIST project provides access to e-resources to students, researchers and faculty from colleges and other beneficiary institutions
Server(s) is installed at the INFLIBNET Centre
Open Source Software and Libraries
The areas Where libraries can see the implemanataion of OSS
Library Management Systems
e.g.KOHA,Evergreen,NewGenlib
Digital Libraries (Greenstone ,Dspace,Eprint
E-Publishing
Federated Searching (Open Jounal System (OJS))
Consortium Management
Conten Management System (Joomla ,PlonePostnuke,Xoops,Srupal
E-Learning Softwares (Moodle,Atutor,Claroline,OLAT,Saki Project)