Chapter 14 Quest
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____1.Acids taste
a. / sweet. / c. / bitter.b. / sour. / d. / salty.
____2.Acids generally release H2 gas when they react with
a. / nonmetals. / c. / active metals.b. / semimetals. / d. / inactive metals.
____3.Acids react with
a. / bases to produce salts and water. / c. / water to produce bases and salts.b. / salts to produce bases and water. / d. / neither bases, salts, nor water.
____4.Bases taste
a. / soapy. / c. / sweet.b. / sour. / d. / bitter.
____5.Bases feel
a. / rough. / c. / slippery.b. / moist. / d. / dry.
____6.Bases make litmus paper turn
a. / blue. / c. / yellow.b. / red. / d. / black.
____7.Bases react with
a. / acids to produce salts and water. / c. / water to produce acids and salts.b. / salts to produce acids and water. / d. / neither acids, salts, nor water.
____8.Aqueous solutions of bases
a. / always have Faraday properties. / c. / have very high boiling points.b. / conduct electricity. / d. / cannot be prepared.
____9.A binary acid contains
a. / two hydrogen atoms. / c. / hydrogen and two other elements.b. / hydrogen and one other element. / d. / hydrogen and three other elements.
____10.Which of the following is a binary acid?
a. / H2SO4 / c. / HBrb. / CH3COOH / d. / NaOH
____11.The name of a binary acid
a. / has no prefix. / c. / ends with the suffix -ous.b. / begins with the prefix bi-. / d. / begins with the prefix hydro-.
____12.Which of the following is NOT an oxyacid?
a. / H2O2 / c. / HClO4b. / H2SO4 / d. / HClO2
____13.Which of the following is perchloric acid?
a. / HClO / c. / HClO3b. / HClO2 / d. / HClO4
____14.Which of the following is chlorous acid?
a. / HClO / c. / HClO3b. / HClO2 / d. / HClO4
____15.Which of the following is chloric acid?
a. / HClO / c. / HClO3b. / HClO2 / d. / HClO4
____16.An acid having the suffix -ic produces an anion having the
a. / suffix-ate. / c. / prefixhydro-.b. / suffix-ite. / d. / suffix-ous.
____17.What acid is manufactured in largest quantity?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____18.Which acid is used in batteries?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____19.What acid is used to make fertilizers and detergents and is a flavoring agent in beverages?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____20.What acid is used mainly in the manufacture of explosives, rubber, plastics, dyes, and drugs?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____21.What acid is produced in the stomach?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____22.What acid is used to pickle metals, process food, and activate oil wells?
a. / hydrochloric acid / c. / nitric acidb. / phosphoric acid / d. / sulfuric acid
____23.What acid is found in vinegar?
a. / acetic acid / c. / phosphoric acidb. / nitric acid / d. / hydrochloric acid
____24.What is the basic assumption in the Arrhenius theory?
a. / Because acids and bases conduct electric current, they must not produce ions in solution.b. / Because acids and bases conduct electric current, they must produce ions in solution.
c. / Only acids conduct electric current in solution.
d. / Only bases conduct electric current in solution.
____25.What is an Arrhenius acid?
a. / a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solutionb. / a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
c. / a chemical compound that decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution
d. / a chemical compound that decreases the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
____26.What is an Arrhenius base?
a. / a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solutionb. / a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
c. / a chemical compound that decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions in aqueous solution
d. / a chemical compound that decreases the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
____27.Which statement about Arrhenius acids is FALSE?
a. / Their water solutions are called aqueous acids.b. / They are molecular compounds with ionizable hydrogen atoms.
c. / Their pure aqueous solutions are electrolytes.
d. / They increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
____28.A substance that ionizes nearly completely in aqueous solutions and produces H3O+ is a
a. / weak base. / c. / weak acid.b. / strong base. / d. / strong acid.
____29.Which of the following is a triprotic acid?
a. / H2SO4 / c. / HClb. / CH3COOH / d. / H3PO4
____30.The dilute aqueous solution of a weak base contains
a. / hydronium ions. / c. / acid molecules.b. / anions. / d. / all of the above
____31.Strong bases are
a. / strong electrolytes. / c. / nonelectrolytes.b. / weak electrolytes. / d. / also strong acids.
____32.Hydroxides of Group 1 metals
a. / are all strong bases. / c. / are all acids.b. / are all weak bases. / d. / might be either strong or weak bases.
____33.In water, hydroxides of Group 2 metals
a. / are all strong bases. / c. / are all acids.b. / are all weak bases. / d. / might be either strong or weak bases.
____34.Which of the following is a strong base?
a. / NH3 / c. / NaOHb. / aniline / d. / acetate ion
____35.Which of the following is a weak base?
a. / KOH / c. / NH3b. / Ca(OH)2 / d. / HCl
____36.Which of the following is a weak base?
a. / acetate ion / c. / hydronium ionb. / hydroxide ion / d. / hydrogen ion
____37.Whose definition of acids and bases emphasizes the role of protons?
a. / Brønsted and Lowry / c. / Arrheniusb. / Lewis / d. / Faraday
____38.A Brønsted-Lowry acid is
a. / an electron-pair acceptor. / c. / a proton acceptor.b. / an electron-pair donor. / d. / a proton donor.
____39.In the equation HCl(g) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + Cl–(aq), which species is a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
a. / HCl / c. / Cl–b. / H2O / d. / none of the above
____40.A Brønsted-Lowry base is a(n)
a. / producer of OH– ions. / c. / electron-pair donor.b. / proton acceptor. / d. / electron-pair acceptor.
____41.In the reaction NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH–, H2O is a
a. / Brønsted-Lowry acid. / c. / Brønsted-Lowry base.b. / Lewis base. / d. / traditional acid.
____42.The reaction HCl(aq) + NH3(aq) NH4+(aq) + Cl–(aq) is a
a. / traditional acid-base reaction. / c. / single-replacement reaction.b. / Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction. / d. / precipitation reaction.
____43.A Lewis acid is
a. / an electron-pair acceptor. / c. / a proton acceptor.b. / an electron-pair donor. / d. / a proton donor.
____44.A Lewis base is a(n)
a. / producer of OH– ions. / c. / electron-pair donor.b. / proton acceptor. / d. / electron-pair acceptor.
____45.An electron-pair donor is a
a. / traditional base. / c. / Brønsted-Lowry base.b. / Brønsted-Lowry acid. / d. / Lewis base.
____46.Whenever ammonia forms a covalent bond, it acts as a
a. / Brønsted-Lowry base. / c. / Lewis base.b. / Lewis acid. / d. / traditional acid.
____47.Which is a Lewis acid but is not a Brønsted-Lowry acid?
a. / HCl / c. / BF3b. / NH3 / d. / none of the above
____48.The reaction Ag+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) [Ag(NH3)2]+(aq) is a
a. / traditional acid-base reaction. / c. / Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction.b. / Lewis acid-base reaction. / d. / None of the above
____49.A conjugate base is the species that
a. / remains after a base has given up a proton.b. / is formed by the addition of a proton to a base.
c. / is formed by the addition of a proton to an acid.
d. / remains after an acid has given up a proton.
____50.A species that remains when an acid has lost a proton is a
a. / conjugate base. / c. / strong base.b. / conjugate acid. / d. / strong acid.
____51.A species that is formed when a base gains a proton is a
a. / conjugate base. / c. / strong base.b. / conjugate acid. / d. / strong acid.
____52.The members of a conjugate acid-base pair
a. / appear on the same side of the chemical equation.b. / appear on opposite sides of the chemical equation.
c. / might appear on the same side or on opposite sides of the equation.
d. / are not included in the chemical equation.
____53.In a conjugate acid-base pair, the acid typically has
a. / one more proton than the base. / c. / two fewer protons than the base.b. / one fewer proton than the base. / d. / the same number of protons as the base.
____54.What theory of acids and bases do conjugate acids and bases belong to?
a. / traditional / c. / Brønsted-Lowryb. / Lewis / d. / none of the above
____55.In the reaction HF + H2O H3O+ + F–, a conjugate acid-base pair is
a. / HF and H2O. / c. / H3O+ and H2O.b. / F– and H3O+. / d. / HF and H3O+.
____56.In the reaction HClO3 + NH3 NH4+ + ClO3–, the conjugate acid of NH3 is
a. / HClO3. / c. / NH4+.b. / ClO3–. / d. / not shown.
____57.In the reaction HClO3 + NH3 NH4+ + ClO3–, the conjugate base of HClO3 is
a. / ClO3–. / c. / NH4+.b. / NH3. / d. / not shown.
____58.In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O H3O+ + CH3COO–, the conjugate acid of CH3COO– is
a. / H2O. / c. / H3O+.b. / CH3COOH. / d. / not shown.
____59.In the reaction CH3COOH + H2O H3O+ + CH3COO–, the conjugate base of H3O+ is
a. / H2O. / c. / CH3COO–.b. / CH3COOH. / d. / not shown.
____60.The conjugate of a strong base is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / strong base.b. / weak acid. / d. / weak base.
____61.The conjugate of a weak base is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / strong base.b. / weak acid. / d. / weak base.
____62.The conjugate of a weak acid is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / strong base.b. / weak acid. / d. / weak base.
____63.A base is weak if its tendency to
a. / attract a proton is great. / c. / donate a proton is great.b. / attract a proton is slight. / d. / donate a proton is slight.
____64.In the equation HI + H2O H3O+ + I–, HI is a strong acid and I– is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / weak acid.b. / strong base. / d. / weak base.
____65.In the equation CH3COOH + H2O H3O+ + CH3COO–, H2O is a weak base and H3O+ is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / weak acid.b. / strong base. / d. / weak base.
____66.In the equation HClO4 + NH3 NH4+ + ClO4–, ClO4– is a weak base and HClO4 is a
a. / strong acid. / c. / weak acid.b. / strong base. / d. / weak base.
____67.An amphoteric species is one that reacts as a(n)
a. / acid only. / c. / acid or base.b. / base only. / d. / None of the above
____68.A species that can react as either an acid or a base is a(n)
a. / Lewis acid. / c. / oxyacid.b. / amphoteric substance. / d. / organic substance.
____69.Which of the following is amphoteric?
a. / H2SO4 / c. / H+b. / SO42– / d. / HSO4–
____70.Which of the following is amphoteric?
a. / H2O / c. / H+b. / H3O+ / d. / O2–
____71.In the reaction H2SO4 + H2O H3O+ + HSO4–, the ion HSO4– acts as a(n)
a. / acid. / c. / spectator species.b. / base. / d. / salt.
____72.In the reaction HSO4– + H2O H3O+ + SO42–, the ion HSO4– acts as a(n)
a. / acid. / c. / spectator species.b. / base. / d. / salt.
____73.In the reaction H3PO4 + H2O H3O+ + H2PO4–, the ion H2PO4– acts as a(n)
a. / acid. / c. / spectator species.b. / base. / d. / salt.
____74.The substances produced when KOH(aq) neutralizes HCl(aq) are
a. / HClO(aq) and KH(aq). / c. / H2O(l) and KCl(aq).b. / KH2O+(aq) and Cl–(aq). / d. / H3O+(aq) and KCl(aq).
____75.What is neutralization?
a. / an acid-base reaction that does not include dissocation of ionsb. / a reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form a salt
c. / a reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules
d. / a reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules and a salt
____76.A salt is NOT
a. / an ionic compound composed of a metal cation from a base.b. / an ionic compound composed of an anion from an acid.
c. / a product of neutralization.
d. / a spectator ion.
____77.Which of the following is NOT involved in neutralizations?
a. / H3O+ ion / c. / an acid and a base in an aqueous solutionb. / OH– ion / d. / neutral compound
____78.Which compound is produced by a neutralization?
a. / H2O(l) / c. / Ca(OH)2(s)b. / HNO3(aq) / d. / H3PO4(aq)
____79.Which of the following gases does NOT dissolve in atmospheric water to produce acidic solutions?
a. / NO / c. / O2b. / NO2 / d. / CO2
____80.The reaction of an acid with a carbonate does NOT produce
a. / a salt. / c. / carbon dioxide.b. / water. / d. / oxygen.
Short Answer
81.What determines the behavior of an amphoteric compound?
82.Explain how industrial processes create acid rain.
83.Use the following equation to explain acid rain: SO3(g) + H2O(l) H2SO4(aq)
84.Use the following equation to explain how acid rain damages marble structures:
CaCO3(I) + 2H3O+(aq) Ca2+(aq) + CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)