CARDINAL NEWMAN CATHOLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL

Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ SNC 2D 3

ECOLOGY

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS A PEST?

Pests are organisms that cause ___________ for ____________

EXAMPLES

______________

______________

______________

Although it would be appealing to eliminate these species, all other _______________would be _______________ in some way

à Mosquitoes: Some __________ and ________________ rely on mosquito ___________ for food; adult mosquitoes are an important food source for ______________ and ____________

à Wasps: Required for _____________ and _________________ tissues of dead plants

à Crab grass: Important food source for ___________ and ____________

ORGANISMS INTERACTING WITHIN ECOSYSTEMS

To better understand living things, scientists examine organisms within their _____________ setting

WHAT IS ECOLOGY?

Ecology is a term which describes the ____________ of how organisms _______________ with each other

à “Oikos” is Greek for “the place where one lives”

à “Logos” is Greek for “study of”

There are two types of factors in the environment which affect the ___________, _____________________ and _________________ of an individual in an environment:

ABIOTIC

The _______________ factors on organisms

EXAMPLES

Amount of ____________

________________

___________ and ______________ of _________

BIOTIC

Factors caused by the presence of ___________ things

LEVELS OF ECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

Organisms do not live in ________________. Organisms usually group with others of the same species.

POPULATION

All of the members of the _________ species, living in the __________ ecosystem or _____________

EXAMPLE

__________ in a lake

COMMUNITY

The __________ of all the _____________ of all species in an ecosystem or habitat

EXAMPLE

Community in a lake might include pike, ___________, ____________, mosquito larvae and __________

Ecologists can ____________ their study ______________ the _______________ of organisms to the physical environment

When they do so, the begin investigating _________________

ECOSYSTEM

The ________________ of __________ things and its physical ________________

EXAMPLE:

When studying a ____________ ecosystem, an ecologist could examine how much sunlight reaches the forest floor and its effect on the plants and animals of that ecosystem

ECOTONES and BIODIVERSITY

WHAT ARE ECOTONES?

__________________ are transition areas between ecosystems where organisms from __________ ecosystems _____________ with each other

They offer greater _______________ (more species) than either ecosystems

Ecosystems with ______________ biodiversity are _________ fragile

à ________________ have other alternatives for food if their main ___________ are affected