electronic supplementary material

soils, sec 5 • soil and landscape ecology • short original communication

Long-termnitrogen fertilization impacts soil fungal and bacterial community structures in a dryland soil of Loess Plateau in China

Jinshan Liu1 • Xiang Zhang1 • Hui Wang1 • Xiaoli Hui1 • ZhaohuiWang1 • WeihongQiu1

Received: 20 February 2017 / Accepted: 22 October 2017

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017

Responsible editor: Li Zhang

1Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China

 WeihongQiu

Fig. S1 Rarefaction curves for (a) fungi and (b)bacteria in three treatments soils. Sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (fungi) and 16s rRNA (bacteria) gene regions were grouped at 97% sequence identity, respectively. The error bars represent ± standard errors of the mean (n = 3).N0 (no N addition), N160 (160 kg N ha−1 yr−1), N320 (320 kg N ha−1 yr−1)

Fig. S2Taxonomic assignment of fungal sequences. The data represent the mean values(n = 3) for the abundant (with abundance > 1.0% in at least one treatment) (a)classes, (b) orders and (c) families (with abundance > 1.0% in at least one treatment). Only identified sequences that classified to a specific taxon were considered in the figure.N0 (no N addition), N160 (160 kg N ha−1 yr−1), N320 (320 kg N ha−1 yr−1)

Fig. S3Taxonomic assignment of bacterial sequences. The data represent the mean values(n = 3) for the abundant (with abundance > 1.0% in at least one treatment) (a) classes, (b) orders and (c) families (with abundance > 1.0% in at least one treatment). Only identified sequences that classified to a specific taxon were considered in the figure.N0 (no N addition), N160 (160 kg N ha−1 yr−1), N320 (320 kg N ha−1 yr−1)

Table S1Pearson's correlation (two tailed)coefficients between soil biogeochemical properties and fungal abundant phyla (all) and genera (relative abundance >1%) (**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05). SOC, soil organic C; TN, total N;EC, electrical conductivity; AP, available P; AK,available K

Phylum / SOC / TN / Nitrate N / EC / pH / AP / AK
Ascomycota / 0.001 / -0.117 / 0.036 / 0.555 / 0.191 / -0.298 / -0.225
Basidiomycota / -0.065 / 0.221 / -0.179 / -0.197 / -0.213 / 0.297 / 0.055
Chytridiomycota / 0.008 / 0.072 / -0.291 / -0.306 / 0.011 / -0.098 / 0.240
Glomeromycota / -0.431 / -0.448 / -0.495 / -0.206 / 0.310 / -0.015 / -0.561
Zygomycota / -0.524 / -0.142 / -0.363 / -0.301 / -0.011 / 0.615 / 0.102
Genus
Chaetomium / 0.065 / -0.072 / -0.092 / 0.623 / 0.168 / -0.430 / -0.273
Humicola / -0.410 / -0.141 / -0.627 / -0.247 / 0.357 / 0.298 / -0.284
Alternaria / -0.379 / -0.511 / -0.754* / 0.373 / 0.728* / -0.565 / -0.470
Gibberella / -0.005 / -0.157 / -0.209 / -0.279 / 0.192 / -0.165 / -0.636
Cryptococcus / 0.030 / 0.172 / -0.382 / -0.120 / 0.042 / -0.120 / -0.095
Periconia / -0.252 / -0.345 / -0.249 / 0.670* / 0.399 / -0.380 / -0.065
Rhizopus / -0.686* / -0.334 / -0.353 / -0.313 / 0.067 / 0.765* / 0.073
Fusarium / 0.545 / 0.465 / 0.538 / -0.259 / -0.403 / 0.315 / -0.388
Aspergillus / 0.034 / -0.141 / 0.110 / -0.100 / 0.247 / -0.040 / 0.021
Acremonium / 0.163 / 0.289 / -0.020 / -0.017 / 0.193 / -0.112 / 0.185
Penicillium / -0.777* / -0.637 / -0.608 / 0.028 / 0.409 / 0.347 / -0.420
Stachybotrys / 0.292 / 0.194 / 0.492 / -0.452 / -0.350 / 0.437 / -0.264

Table S2Pearson's correlation (two tailed) coefficients between soil biogeochemical properties and bacterial abundant phyla (relative abundance >5%) and genera (relative abundance >1%) (**P < 0.01, *P < 0.05). SOC, soil organic C; TN, total N; EC, electrical conductivity; AP, available P; AK,available K

Phylum / SOC / TN / Nitrate N / EC / pH / AP / AK
Acidobacteria / 0.933** / 0.931** / 0.747* / 0.353 / -0.749* / -0.120 / 0.043
Actinobacteria / 0.862** / 0.819** / 0.515 / 0.145 / -0.557 / -0.257 / 0.127
Bacteroidetes / -0.577 / -0.766* / -0.591 / -0.101 / 0.636 / -0.248 / -0.516
Chloroflexi / 0.913** / 0.857** / 0.628 / 0.223 / -0.648 / -0.182 / 0.007
Firmicutes / -0.639 / -0.747* / -0.555 / 0.006 / 0.781* / -0.287 / 0.099
Fusobacteria / -0.701* / -0.407 / -0.364 / -0.365 / 0.133 / 0.749* / 0.083
Gemmatimonadetes / 0.855** / 0.953** / 0.775* / 0.393 / -0.810** / -0.032 / 0.184
Planctomycetes / 0.854** / 0.814** / 0.587 / 0.091 / -0.654 / -0.175 / 0.187
Proteobacteria / 0.862** / 0.916** / 0.818** / 0.131 / -0.894** / 0.145 / 0.107
Genus
Bacteroides / -0.658 / -0.822** / -0.651 / -0.141 / 0.684* / -0.214 / -0.448
Fusobacterium / -0.702* / -0.408 / -0.364 / -0.365 / 0.133 / 0.749* / 0.084
Lactobacillus / -0.327 / -0.520 / -0.420 / -0.103 / 0.360 / -0.239 / -0.665
Faecalibacterium / -0.435 / -0.560 / -0.410 / 0.075 / 0.711* / -0.370 / 0.277
Veillonella / -0.368 / -0.547 / -0.441 / -0.122 / 0.369 / -0.200 / -0.663
Clostridium / -0.496 / -0.551 / -0.409 / 0.031 / 0.683* / -0.225 / 0.378
Epulopiscium / -0.697* / -0.401 / -0.358 / -0.364 / 0.128 / 0.751* / 0.090
Lactococcus / 0.672* / 0.834** / 0.722* / 0.306 / -0.769* / 0.047 / 0.384