Name ______Block _____Date ______NB#______

Review Hydrology Unit

1. All the water on the planet is called the ______

______1.

______2.Evaporation

______3.Condensation

______4.Precipitation

______5.Runoff

______6.Percolation

______7.Transpiration

  1. Liquid to Gas
  2. Gas to Liquid
  3. Seeping into
  4. Dropping/Falling
  5. Plants sweating
  6. Flowing across ground

7a. In the photo of the water cycle, what is missing that runs gets the cycle going? ______

8. What two attributes of soil particles are being shown and how do the two pictures differ:

______

______

______

______

______

9. With water treatment, what does each of the following accomplish in the process of getting water prepared for human use?

______1.Filtration

______2.Aeration

______3.Disinfection

______4.Sedimentation

______5.Distribution

  1. Assists with the release of gases
  2. Removes smaller particles
  3. Delivers water to needed sources
  4. Removes larger particles
  5. Chemically kills bacteria, etc.

10. Name the ocean zones with the following conditions?

______High Pressure, Cold Temperatures, No light

______Lower Pressure, “Warmer” Temperatures, Penetrating Sunlight

______Medium Pressure, Cold Temperatures, Limited Sunlight

11. Aquatic life in the Intertidal zone is most affected by what:

______

12. Organisms with adaptations for living in and out of water live in the ______zone.

13. What forces make water move: ______

______

14. Discuss the issues facing this estuary:

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

15. Chemosynthetic Organisms rely on methane released form Hydrothermal Vents – What is going on at each point?

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______

16. From where does most water evaporate ______

17. Looking at each named ocean – what do you notice about the oceans as a global waterway?

______

______

18. The Earth is primarily covered with______

and the percentages for this is ______% versus land’s coverage of ______% , thus giving our planet the nickname______

19. In a drought situation what happens to an aquifer?

______

20. Why is the shallow well not as good as the deep well? And, what is a underground water source called?

______

______

21. Discuss what might happen with an excessive removal of groundwater near the coast:

______

22. Write three true statements about the graphs shown displaying water distribution:

1. ______

2. ______

3. ______

23. Discuss Sonar – include echo sounding, side-scan sonar, the formula, and three uses:

______

______

______

24. A drawback to echo sounding sonar is ______

25. The deepest part of the world is called the ______

26. What has to be considered when submarines go deep into the ocean?

______

27. Which terms are related to the vertical ocean zones (use the picture to the left)

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______

28. Discuss upwelling:

______

______

______

______

______

29. Which is true of salinity levels in the ocean?

______1.Saline water only floats on the top layer of the ocean.

______2.The salinity of the ocean comes from the fish swimming in the ocean.

______3.Salinity changes water’s density.

______4.Freshwater actually has a small level of salinity.

______5.Water that evaporates from the ocean changes the saltwater into salt-gas.

30. Ocean Water: Salinity

Did you ever wonder why the oceans are filled with salt water instead of fresh? Just where did the salt come from? And is it the same salt you find on a dining room table? Most of the ______in the oceans came from ______. Over millions of years, rain, rivers, and streams have washed over rocks containing the compound sodium chloride (NaCl), and carried it into the sea. You may know sodium chloride by its common name: ______! Some of the salt in the oceans comes from ______volcanoes andhydrothermal ______. When water______from the surface of the ocean, the salt is left behind. After ______of years, the oceans have developed a noticeably salty taste.

Different bodies of water have different amounts of salt mixed in, or different salinities. Salinity is expressed by the amount of ______found in 1,000 grams of ______. Therefore, if we have 1 gram of salt and 1,000 grams of water, the salinity is 1 part per thousand, or 1 ppt. However, the levels do not change much as you go from the ______to the bottom.

The average ocean ______is 35 ppt. This number varies between about 32 and 37 ppt. Rainfall, evaporation, river runoff, and ice formation causes the variations. Freshwater salinity is usually less than 0.5 ppt. Water between 0.5 ppt and 17 ppt is called ______. ______(where fresh river water meets salty ocean water) are examples of brackish waters.

31. Explain the relationship between a habitat and an ecosystem?

______

______

32. Place a check in the proper column to identify each as either Biotic or Abiotic:

Identify: / Biotic / Abiotic
Water
Tree
Racoon
Rock
Oyster

33. Place the number beside the word that should be in the given location:

_____Carnivore

_____Commensalism

_____Habitat

_____Herbivore

_____Mutualism

_____ Niche

_____Parasitism

_____Symbiosis

34. Match correct picture number under the word & give a definition:
Picture 1:
Gopher and Birds going for same food source / / Competition / Definition:
Picture 2:
Earthworm / / Consumer / Definition:
Picture 3:
Tree / / Decomposer / Definition:
Picture 4:
Flea on Dog / / Mutualism / Definition:
Picture 5:
Man eating turkey leg / / Parasitism / Definition:
Picture 6:
Bee on Flower / / Producer / Definition:
Picture 7:
Bird traveling with giraffe / / Commensalism / Definition:
35. Test / What does it measure? / Why is it important?
Bio-indicators
Coliform Bacteria
Dissolved Oxygen
Nitrates/Phosphates
pH
Turbidity

36. What are two bio-indicators that are intolerant? Tolerant?

37. What is the Riparian Buffer and what does it do?

38. Discuss Watersheds and River Basins:

39. What River Basin do we live in?

40. Identify each as Point or Non-Point Pollution and explain why?

Construction Run-off
Straight Piping from an Industrial Location
Automotive Discharges
Farms

41. What are the six basic steps of the Drinking Water Treatment Process? What does each step do?

Process / Order / How does it prepare water for drinking?
Coagulation/sedimentation
Filtration
Chlorination
Aeration
Chemical Enhancements
Delivery

42. Complete each graph:

Temperature Increases (x-axis) what will happen to dissolved oxygen / Pollution Increases (x-axis) what will happen to dissolved oxygen
Temperature Increases (x-axis) what will happen to turbidity / Pollution Increases (x-axis) what will happen to turbidity
Temperature Increases (x-axis) what will happen to nitrates and phosphates / Pollution Increases (x-axis) what will happen to pH