Topic: CLASSIFICATION of MATTER and Separating MIXTURES EliosaBellah
Essential Question: How is matter classified? What are the different ways of separating mixtures?
Questions:What is a pure substance?
What is matter made up of?
Describe a compound.
Compare and contrast homogeneous and heterogenous mixtures.
What are the different ways of separating mixtures?
Describe the best way of separating a mixture of salt water.
Predict the outcome of the experiment if you separate a blue ink pen from the red ink pen.
Justify why distillation is a better way to separate alcohol from water. / I._PURE ______SUBSTANCE______- matter made of only one kind of atom or molecule.
Examples: CO2 – _Carbon dioxide______
H - __Hydrogen______
Cu - ___Copper______
H2O - ___water______
2 Types of Pure Substance:
a.)_ELEMENTS_____- simplest pure substance; contain only 1 kind of atom; cannot be broken down;
Ex. Piece of Silicon – contain billions of atoms- all are Silicon atoms
______
b.)__COMPOUND______– can be separated into elements
-Composed of 2 or more different __elements______that are _chemically___ combined
Ex. H2O - __water_(made of 2H & 1 O)______
CO2 - ___carbon dioxide (_1 C & 2 O)______
NaCl - _Sodium chloride (1Na & 1Cl)
CH3COOH –vinegar/acetic acid 2C ; 4H; 2O
II. __MIXTURE_____ - a collection of 2 or more ____PURE______substances ____PHYSICALLY______mixed together that cannot be represented by a chemical formula
2 Types of Mixtures
a.)__HOMOGENOUS______mixture –the substances are evenly or uniformly distributed
-All regions are identical in their composition and their properties
Ex. Gasoline, tea, saltwater, Soda
______
b.)___HETEROGENEOUS______Mixture – contain substances that are NOT evenly distributed.
-Some regions have different properties from other regions
Ex. Taco, salad, topping on a pizza; burger, fried rice
Ways of Separating Mixtures:
a.)_Filtration______
b.)___Centrifuge______
c.)___Decant/Decanting______
d.)__Chromatography______
e.)__Distillation______
f.)____Evaporation______
g.)__Density______
h.)Magnetism
A. Filtration - Filtration can be used to separate an ___insoluble______substance from a soluble substance
Ex. ___making coffee; muddy water; ______
B. Centrifuge - A centrifuge is a tool used to separate matter of ___different______density______
The centrifuge spins rapidly.
Ex. __Separation of solid matter in blood from the liquid portion____
Milk
C. Decant - pour the _liquid___ off and leave the solids behind
Ex. __washing the rice______
D. Chromatography - Used to separate __components______of a _____solution______
Ex. __paper chromatography separate black ink into the colored dyes it contains__
E. Distillation - A method of separating substances that have different ___boiling______point
Ex. __separation of water from alcohol; separation of water from salt______
F. Evaporation – used in the production of salt; seawater evaporates leaving Sodium chloride (NaCl) or salt behind.
Ex. ___the process of making salt (Hawaiians)
G. Density - ___ratio of mass over volume______
H. Magnetism - can be used to separate magnetic components of a mixture, from nonmagnetic components.
Ex. Separation of iron fillings from rubber/trash
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