2 Quartiles Range from 1 (Lowest) to 4 (Highest) Diet Pattern Scores

1

Supplementary Information: Table S1: Mean frequency of consumption (times per week) of foods and beverages within quartiles of PCA-derived dietary pattern scores in 6-month-old ALSPAC children1

Frequency of food intake per week / Quartiles of Meat, Vegetables and Desserts pattern score / Quartiles of Biscuits, Sweets and Crisps pattern score / Quartiles of Ready-prepared Baby Foods pattern score / Quartiles of Breastfeeding pattern score
Q12 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p3 / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p
Baby foods
Breast milk / 9.2 / 7.9 / 9.5 / 7.4 / 1.0 / 13.4 / 9.0 / 6.8 / 4.7 / 1.0 / 12.7 / 8.3 / 6.8 / 6.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.4 / 4.7 / 28.7 / <0.001
Infant Formula / 14.4 / 14.5 / 13.4 / 12.2 / 1.0 / 13.0 / 14.4 / 14.1 / 13.1 / 1.0 / 11.5 / 13.8 / 14.8 / 14.5 / 1.0 / 23.2 / 20.1 / 9.3 / 2.0 / <0.001
Follow on formula / 0.6 / 0.9 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 1.0
Hypoaller-genic formula / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0
Soy milk / 0.2 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 1.0
Goat milk / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Baby milk pudding / 1.6 / 2.1 / 1.7 / 1.6 / 0.009 / 1.6 / 1.5 / 1.7 / 2.0 / 0.009 / 0.2 / 1.1 / 1.8 / 3.7 / 0.003 / 2.1 / 1.8 / 1.7 / 1.4 / <0.001
Baby meat / 3.6 / 3.9 / 2.9 / 2.1 / 0.018 / 3.3 / 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.1 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 2.3 / 3.7 / 5.9 / <0.001 / 3.4 / 3.4 / 3.1 / 2.6 / 0.023
Baby fish / 0.4 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.6 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 1.0
Baby vegetables / 3.8 / 4.1 / 3.3 / 2.3 / 0.018 / 4.1 / 3.3 / 3.1 / 3.1 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 2.5 / 3.9 / 6.2 / <0.001 / 2.9 / 3.6 / 3.4 / 3.6 / 1.0
Baby fruit pudding / 4.1 / 4.3 / 3.7 / 2.8 / 0.023 / 4.2 / 3.6 / 3.5 / 3.7 / 0.020 / 0.9 / 3.0 / 4.4 / 6.7 / <0.001 / 3.8 / 3.9 / 3.8 / 3.5 / 0.020
Rice cereal / 1.5 / 1.2 / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 1.4 / 1.6 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.8 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 1.3 / 1.6 / 1.8 / 1.0
Flavored rice cereal / 1.0 / 0.8 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 0.9 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.2 / 1.0
Plain rusks / 1.9 / 2.1 / 2.1 / 2.2 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.9 / 2.4 / 2.7 / <0.001 / 1.4 / 2.0 / 2.1 / 2.6 / <0.001 / 1.9 / 2.1 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 1.0
Sweetened rusks / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.9 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0
Gripe water5 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 0.9 / 0.9 / 0.6 / 1.0
Sugar added to bottles4 / 95.4 / 92.1 / 92.4 / 85.7 / 1.0 / 99.7 / 98.4 / 91.4 / 76.1 / 1.0 / 90.8 / 91.2 / 93.0 / 90.8 / 1.0 / 87.6 / 92.7 / 90.6 / 94.6 / 1.0
Cereal added to bottles4 / 95.8 / 97.2 / 98.1 / 98.0 / 1.0 / 99.6 / 99.2 / 97.3 / 93.0 / 1.0 / 97.6 / 97.7 / 97.1 / 96.7 / 1.0 / 94.7 / 97.5 / 97.6 / 99.3 / 1.0
Family foods / 1.0
Cow's milk / 0.3 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 2.8 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 1.2 / 3.3 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 1.2 / 1.6 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 1.1 / 2.5 / 1.3 / 1.0
HM milk puddings / 0.0 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 1.0
HM meat / 0.0 / 0.5 / 1.6 / 4.1 / 0.002 / 2.0 / 1.2 / 1.3 / 1.8 / 1.0 / 2.1 / 1.6 / 1.2 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 1.8 / 1.3 / 1.7 / 1.5 / 1.0
HM fish / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.4 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.5 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 1.0
HM egg / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.2 / 1.0
HM potatoes / 0.3 / 1.7 / 3.8 / 6.3 / <0.001 / 3.8 / 2.4 / 2.6 / 3.4 / 0.018 / 4.1 / 3.0 / 2.4 / 2.6 / 0.021 / 2.9 / 2.7 / 3.2 / 3.3 / <0.001
HM vegetables / 0.4 / 2.2 / 4.8 / 7.4 / <0.001 / 5.0 / 3.0 / 3.1 / 3.7 / 0.024 / 5.2 / 3.7 / 2.8 / 3.0 / 0.020 / 3.3 / 3.2 / 3.8 / 4.5 / <0.001
Raw vegetables / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.9 / 1.0
Raw fruit / 0.4 / 0.9 / 1.5 / 2.4 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 1.2 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 1.7 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.4 / 1.0
HM fruit pudding / 0.2 / 0.9 / 2.3 / 4.4 / 0.003 / 3.1 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 3.1 / 2.0 / 1.3 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 1.6 / 2.1 / 3.0 / 1.0
Apple juice / 0.4 / 0.7 / 0.9 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.2 / 1.0
Blackcurrant & Rosehip drink / 1.1 / 1.8 / 1.6 / 2.1 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 1.1 / 1.9 / 3.0 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 1.3 / 1.8 / 2.7 / 1.0 / 2.3 / 1.5 / 1.8 / 1.1 / 1.0
Other fruit drink / 1.6 / 2.7 / 2.9 / 3.8 / 0.008 / 2.7 / 2.6 / 2.7 / 3.1 / 0.012 / 1.9 / 2.5 / 3.0 / 3.7 / <0.001 / 3.4 / 2.7 / 2.7 / 2.2 / <0.001
Bread or toast / 0.4 / 1.1 / 1.6 / 2.7 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.8 / 1.7 / 3.0 / 0.004 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 1.3 / 1.8 / 2.1 / 1.0
Other cereal / 3.2 / 4.7 / 5.0 / 5.5 / 0.007 / 5.3 / 4.3 / 4.1 / 4.5 / <0.001 / 3.9 / 4.4 / 4.7 / 5.4 / 0.009 / 5.2 / 4.2 / 4.6 / 4.4 / 0.009
Biscuits / 0.3 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.5 / 2.4 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 1.0
Chocolate / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.2 / 1.0
Sweets / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Crisps / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Herbal drink / 1.8 / 2.0 / 1.9 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 1.6 / 1.8 / 2.1 / 2.1 / 1.0 / 1.3 / 1.7 / 1.9 / 2.7 / 1.0 / 2.3 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.3 / 1.0
Cola / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Other fizzy drinks / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Tea / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 1.0
Coffee / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Alcohol / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0

1Abbreviations: ALSPAC, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children; HM, home-made; PCA, principal component analysis; Q, quartile

2 Quartiles range from 1 (lowest) to 4 (highest) diet pattern scores.

3 P for trend across quartiles of diet pattern scores are calculated from median regression due to right skewing of food intake data. Note that if the median frequency of food intake within quartiles is equal to zero, the null hypothesis is accepted (as there is no change across quartiles) and the p-value is equal to one.

4 Reported as the proportion of infants within the quartile who never had item added to bottle.

4Gripe water is a solution used to relieve infants from colic and gastrointestinal discomfort.

Supplementary Information: Table S2: Mean frequency of consumption (times per week) of foods and beverages within quartiles of PCA-derived dietary pattern scores in 15-month-old ALSPAC children1

Frequency of food intake per week / Quartiles of Herbs, Raw Fruit and Vegetables pattern score / Quartiles of Biscuits, Sweets and Crisps pattern score / Quartiles of Ready-prepared baby foods pattern score / Quartiles of Reverse Meat, Vegetables and Desserts pattern score
Q12 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p3 / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p / Q1 / Q2 / Q3 / Q4 / p
Baby foods
Breast milk / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.057
Infant formula / 0.7 / 0.9 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 1.0
Follow-on formula / 0.3 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 0.6 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.7 / 1.6 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0
Hypoallergenic formula / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0
Soya formula / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.6 / 1.0
Commercially-made baby foods, toddler foods and junior foods (from jar, tin or packet)
Baby milk pudding / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.8 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 1.0
Baby meat / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.3 / 2.2 / <0.001 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 1.0
Baby fish / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0
Baby vegetables / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 2.1 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.9 / 1.0
Baby fruit pudding / 1.0 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.3 / 2.9 / 0.002 / 0.8 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.2 / 1.0
Rice cereal / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0
Other baby cereal / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 1.0
Rusks / 0.9 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 1.8 / 0.004 / 0.8 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 1.0
Gripe water4 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0
Family foods
Cow’s milk / 11.9 / 11.7 / 11.6 / 11.6 / 1.0 / 12.5 / 11.8 / 11.4 / 11.1 / 1.0 / 13.2 / 11.5 / 11.1 / 10.9 / 1.0 / 14.0 / 12.3 / 11.0 / 9.6 / <0.001
Goat’s milk / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0
Soya milk / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0
Other milk / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0
Cheese / 1.5 / 2.4 / 3.1 / 4.2 / 0.011 / 3.0 / 2.8 / 2.7 / 2.6 / 1.0 / 2.8 / 2.8 / 3.0 / 2.5 / 1.0 / 3.2 / 3.0 / 2.7 / 2.3 / 1.0
Yoghurt / 4.0 / 4.3 / 4.6 / 5.1 / <0.001 / 5.0 / 4.6 / 4.3 / 4.0 / <0.001 / 3.6 / 4.6 / 4.9 / 4.7 / <0.001 / 5.8 / 4.6 / 4.0 / 3.5 / 0.018
Milk pudding / 2.0 / 2.3 / 2.6 / 3.0 / <0.001 / 2.7 / 2.5 / 2.5 / 2.3 / <0.001 / 1.9 / 2.6 / 2.9 / 2.6 / <0.001 / 4.1 / 2.6 / 1.9 / 1.3 / 0.014
Meat products / 4.0 / 4.5 / 4.8 / 4.7 / 0.018 / 3.8 / 4.4 / 4.7 / 5.2 / 0.017 / 5.2 / 4.6 / 4.4 / 3.8 / <0.001 / 6.4 / 5.0 / 4.2 / 2.6 / 0.016
Liver/pate / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 1.0
Kidney / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0
Smoked/cured food / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 1.0
Fish / 1.2 / 1.8 / 2.1 / 2.5 / 1.0 / 1.9 / 1.8 / 1.9 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 1.9 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 2.5 / 2.0 / 1.8 / 1.3 / 1.0
Shell fish / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0
Barbecue food / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.2 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.0
Egg / 0.7 / 1.1 / 1.4 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.3 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.3 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.0
Nuts/nut products / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.5 / 0.001 / 0.3 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / <0.001 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / <0.001 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.3 / <0.001
Baked beans / 1.7 / 1.9 / 2.1 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.8 / 2.0 / 2.6 / 1.0 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 1.8 / 1.7 / 1.0 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 1.9 / 1.6 / 1.0
Green peas / 2.3 / 2.5 / 2.8 / 2.7 / <0.001 / 2.1 / 2.4 / 2.7 / 3.2 / <0.001 / 2.6 / 2.6 / 2.6 / 2.5 / <0.001 / 3.6 / 2.7 / 2.2 / 1.8 / <0.001
Other legume / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.6 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0
Potatoes / 5.2 / 5.5 / 5.6 / 5.7 / 1.0 / 4.8 / 5.4 / 5.6 / 6.2 / 0.021 / 6.0 / 5.5 / 5.5 / 5.0 / 0.018 / 7.3 / 6.0 / 5.1 / 3.6 / 0.005
Other vegetables / 5.1 / 6.1 / 6.5 / 7.8 / <0.001 / 6.4 / 6.2 / 6.3 / 6.6 / 1.0 / 6.6 / 6.3 / 6.7 / 5.9 / 1.0 / 8.3 / 6.7 / 6.0 / 4.5 / 0.009
Raw carrot / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 1.0
Other raw vegetables / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.2 / <0.001 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.6 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 1.0
Raw apple / 1.1 / 1.9 / 2.5 / 3.3 / 0.023 / 2.1 / 2.1 / 2.1 / 2.5 / 1.0 / 1.8 / 2.3 / 2.5 / 2.2 / 1.0 / 2.5 / 2.2 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 1.0
Other raw fruit / 2.3 / 3.8 / 4.6 / 6.2 / <0.001 / 4.8 / 4.1 / 3.9 / 4.0 / 1.0 / 3.8 / 4.3 / 4.7 / 4.1 / 1.0 / 4.9 / 4.2 / 4.1 / 3.7 / 1.0
Fig/fig products / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0
Fruit pudding / 2.0 / 2.9 / 3.4 / 4.2 / <0.001 / 3.6 / 3.1 / 3.0 / 2.9 / <0.001 / 2.3 / 3.2 / 3.7 / 3.3 / <0.001 / 4.8 / 3.3 / 2.7 / 1.8 / 0.017
Apple juice / 0.3 / 0.8 / 1.4 / 3.0 / 0.016 / 2.4 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 0.9 / 0.018 / 0.8 / 1.4 / 1.9 / 1.5 / <0.001 / 1.5 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.3 / 1.0
Blackcurrant rosehip drink / 3.3 / 3.1 / 3.3 / 3.0 / 0.024 / 1.9 / 2.9 / 3.7 / 4.2 / <0.001 / 2.1 / 3.6 / 3.7 / 3.3 / 0.027 / 4.2 / 3.3 / 2.8 / 2.4 / <0.001
Other fruit juice / 2.0 / 3.0 / 3.5 / 4.8 / <0.001 / 3.3 / 3.2 / 3.3 / 3.5 / 1.0 / 2.2 / 3.3 / 4.0 / 3.8 / <0.001 / 3.8 / 3.4 / 3.3 / 2.8 / <0.001
Any other fruit drink / 5.9 / 5.1 / 4.8 / 4.0 / 1.0 / 2.1 / 4.4 / 5.7 / 7.5 / <0.001 / 7.8 / 4.6 / 3.8 / 3.5 / <0.001 / 6.3 / 5.1 / 4.7 / 3.6 / 0.018
Bread or toast / 5.1 / 6.1 / 7.2 / 8.0 / 1.0 / 6.8 / 6.4 / 6.5 / 6.7 / 1.0 / 6.8 / 6.5 / 6.8 / 6.3 / 1.0 / 7.7 / 7.0 / 6.2 / 5.5 / 1.0
Breakfast cereal / 5.6 / 5.8 / 5.9 / 5.9 / 1.0 / 6.0 / 5.7 / 5.8 / 5.6 / 1.0 / 6.3 / 5.8 / 5.6 / 5.5 / 1.0 / 6.3 / 6.1 / 5.7 / 5.0 / 1.0
Biscuits / 5.7 / 5.5 / 5.9 / 5.7 / 1.0 / 4.1 / 5.2 / 6.2 / 7.3 / 0.01 / 5.4 / 5.8 / 5.8 / 5.7 / 0.015 / 6.9 / 5.8 / 5.3 / 4.7 / <0.001
Chocolate / 2.2 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.8 / 1.0 / 0.8 / 1.6 / 2.3 / 3.3 / <0.001 / 1.8 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 2.3 / 2.0 / 2.0 / 1.8 / 1.0
Sweets / 0.5 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.6 / 1.6 / <0.001 / 0.7 / 0.8 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 0.7 / 1.0
Mints / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.2 / <0.001 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.0 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0
Crisps / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 1.6 / 2.6 / 0.014 / 1.3 / 1.6 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.0
Other savory snacks / 1.3 / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 1.3 / 1.7 / 2.1 / <0.001 / 1.1 / 1.6 / 1.6 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 1.8 / 1.5 / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.0
Packet microwave meal / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 1.0
Canned soup / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0
Packet soup / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0
Added salt / 0.9 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.021 / 0.3 / 0.5 / 1.2 / 1.9 / <0.001 / 1.4 / 0.9 / 0.8 / 0.8 / 0.019 / 1.1 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 0.9 / 0.022
Gravy or soy sauce / 3.2 / 2.8 / 2.5 / 2.1 / 1.0 / 1.5 / 2.5 / 3.0 / 3.6 / <0.001 / 3.0 / 2.6 / 2.5 / 2.5 / 1.0 / 4.0 / 2.8 / 2.2 / 1.6 / <0.001
Herbs / 0.1 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 2.5 / <0.001 / 1.2 / 0.9 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.9 / 1.0
Spices / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.071 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.5 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.5 / 0.3 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.4 / 0.5 / <0.001
Tomato ketchup / 0.2 / 0.4 / 0.6 / 0.7 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.5 / 1.1 / 0.009 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0
Added sauce (other) / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.4 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.3 / <0.001 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / <0.001
Added sugar / 1.6 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 0.022 / 0.4 / 0.8 / 1.4 / 2.3 / <0.001 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 1.1 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 1.4 / 1.3 / 1.1 / 1.2 / 0.002
Herbal drink / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 0.5 / 1.0 / 0.7 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.3 / 0.8 / 0.9 / 1.0 / 0.6 / 0.5 / 0.4 / 0.5 / 1.0
Sports drink / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 1.0
Cola / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.7 / 0.014 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 1.0
Other fizzy drink / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 0.8 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.4 / 1.0
Tea / 2.2 / 1.7 / 1.3 / 1.0 / 1.0 / 0.3 / 1.0 / 1.7 / 3.2 / <0.001 / 2.0 / 1.5 / 1.4 / 1.5 / 1.0 / 1.7 / 1.5 / 1.5 / 1.6 / 1.0
Coffee / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / <0.001 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.5 / <0.001 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.1 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 0.2 / 1.0
Alcohol / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.0 / 0.1 / 1.0

1 Abbreviations: ALSPAC, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children; PCA, principal component analysis; Q, quartile

2 Quartiles range from 1 (lowest) to 4 (highest) diet pattern scores.

3P for trend across quartiles of diet pattern scores are calculated from median regression due to right skewing of food intake data.Note that if the median frequency of food intake within quartiles is equal to zero, the null hypothesis is accepted (as there is no change across quartiles) and the p-value is equal to one.

4Gripe water is a solution used to relieve infants from colic and gastrointestinal discomfort.

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