Disarmament and International Security

Disarmament and International Security

Topic: A

Peaceful Uses on Nuclear Technology

Submitted by:Afghanistan

Only two nuclear weapons have ever been used against humanity, “Fat Man” and “Little Boy”, both products of the United States when nuclear technology was in it’s infancy. Now that nuclear technology has grown into its adolescence, we would like to use it in many fields, including medical diagnosis and treatment, as well as energy and agriculture.

Afghanistan has a wealth of natural resources, including uranium, copper, cobalt, lithium, iron and nickel. This prospective industry could give our economy a push, hopefully rolling into good fortune, where funding could be set aside to begin advancing in fields of nuclear medicine and energy. One New York Times article stated: “The previously unknown deposits--including huge veins of iron, copper, cobalt, gold and critical industrial metals like lithium--are so big and include so many minerals that are essential to modern industry that Afghanistan could eventually be transformed into one of the most important mining centers in the world, the United States officials believe.” Pajhwok Afghan News said: “Minerals experts say [the] existence of [the] best type of uranium in Helmand, Panjsher and Laghman provinces attracted a number of countries [saying they would try] to access the resources when security improves.” With this abundance of resources, one wonders why they have not been utilized. The simple fact is, the mines are not in place, and the Uranium remains untapped, deep under Helmand. Another option for obtaining nuclear energy is recycled nuclear weapons. According to Time Magazine, ten percent of all nuclear energy produced in the United States is generated by recycled Russian weapons Uranium. If Afghanistan could receive enough fissionable material and facilities to utilize it until the deposits of uranium and other valuable metals can be accessed and our economy can be strengthened, it could build a sizable nuclear energy foundation and show our population the benefits of nuclear energy.

There are many uses for nuclear technology, both beneficial and detrimental. While Afghanistan is interested in these and has the will to advance, the sheer cost and manpower required puts large-scale nuclear operation out of our grasp. With help from those more advanced in nuclear technology and the access to resources buried deep under our feet, our country could join the world in these advanced fields as medicine, crop genetics, and energy.

Works Cited

"International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)IAEA Home." Our Work: Afghanistan Signs Its First Country

Programme Framework (CPF) for 2012-2016. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2014. <

London, Eben Harrell /. "Turning Russian Nukes into U.S. Energy."Time. Time Inc., 11 Sept. 2010.

Web. 17 Dec. 2014. <

"Opinions." Is Afghanistan's Uranium Being Plundered? N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

"Strategy." - Afghan Atomic Energy High Commission. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

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Research.N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2014.

"World Nuclear Association."Military Warheads as a Source of Nuclear Fuel.N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec.

2014.

Submitted by: Denmark

In the twentieth century nuclear technology, a very dangerous technology came into the world. The United States of America was the first to use it as a weapon of mass destruction, during World War II on Hiroshima, Japan. Denmark was warned to not let US troops carrying nuclear weapons into Denmark by Soviet Minister Bulganin. After some anxiety on foreign policy they dismissed the letter. The Soviet approach is not clear it may have started rumors that Denmark has nuclear-capable guided missiles. Social Democratic and Liberal parties said that nuclear weapons are permitted at “present circumstances”. Denmark has a 31 year old ban on nuclear weapons. In 1986 Denmark denied ships carrying nuclear weapons into Denmark’s borders. Denmark’s foreign policy clearly states that Denmark wants to keep global peace. About ten percent of Denmark’s power is from nuclear technology, the rest is wind power and fossil fuels. Denmark had 3 research nuclear power plants that were all demolished in 2001 showing less nuclear technology advances in Denmark.

Denmark still uses nuclear energy for various weapons while there are a lot of other uses. Other than electricity, nuclear power is used in agriculture, medicine, industry and research and many more. In medicine, radioisotopes help make diagnosis and help with therapy. In therapy, cancerous growth can be from radiation. In industry, radioisotopes detecting and analyzing pollutants.Radioisotopes can even detect underground fresh water, leakages through dams or pipes, and many other water-related things. Nuclear technology can be used to get rid of microscopic bugs and pests that grow on food and plants and eat or spoil as well as to make space food. Information Technology Industry, a trade association that represents companies from the information and communication technology, energy kills bacteria and other harmful bugs because of its powerful gamma radiation and still keeps it edible in the process. George De Hevy was the maker of radioisotopes. George De Hevy was awarded the Nobel Prize for atoms for peace. George De Hevy is the reason nuclear technology can be used in several ways. Without George De Hevy many things would be bad. Many plants that we enjoy such as corn, tomatoes, potatoes, and countless others would have many cancerous diseases we wouldn’t know about and would eat. The new rocket NASA is making called Orion is supposed to take astronauts to Mars and it might, Orion wouldn’t be complete without nuclear technology helping make it but also makes small explosions pushing the rocket fast and far to get astronauts to Mars. Nuclear technology is found in making cars and in electric cars of the future. The more you think about it there are many more beneficial uses for nuclear technology.

Works Cited

Committees and Topics."Cleveland Council on World Affairs.N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014. <

Comparing The United States to Denmark." Comparing The United States to Denmark.N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014. <

Disarmament & International Security / 1st Committee - 60th Session of the United Nations General Assembly."UN News Center.UN, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014. <

The Many Uses of Nuclear Technology."The Many Uses of Nuclear Technology.World Nuclear Association, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014. <

World Factbook: Denmark." Central Intelligence Agency.Central Intelligence Agency, n.d. Web. 10 Dec. 2014. <

"World Nuclear Association."Nuclear Energy in Denmark : Danish Nuclear Electricity. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2014.

Submitted by: Guatemala

Guatemala uses nuclear technology, and therefore supports it. Nuclear energy is very good for the environment because it decreases greenhouse gases, which cause global warming. It is also powerful and efficient, reliable, and cheap (about $40 million). Also, the power plants create many jobs (1,400 and 3,500 jobs for construction workers. After the facility is built maintains 400 to 700 permanent positions paying roughly 36 to 44 percent more than the average salary of the surrounding area). Nuclear energy also does not pollute the air with dangerous gases. Although nuclear energy is used for peaceful uses, it can also be bad. For example, nuclear power plant meltdowns have occurred, injuring and killing many people. But without nuclear energy, we would not be as advanced as we are now.(
The UN and the nuclear age were born almost simultaneously. The horror of the Second World War, culminating in the nuclear blasts at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, brought home the need to address the nuclear issue. By its first resolution, the General Assembly established the UN Atomic Energy Commission to deal with the problems raised by the discovery of atomic energy. And a landmark address by United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953, “Atoms for Peace”, led to the establishment in 1957 of the International Atomic Energy Agency. In 2005, the Agency and its Director General, Mohamed ElBaradei were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize “for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way.” Addressing the danger of nuclear terrorism, the UN has also produced the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (Vienna, 1980). The IAEA, an international organization in the UN family, fosters the safe, secure and peaceful uses of atomic energy and helps ensure the use of nuclear technology for sustainable development. Under the 1968 Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, the IAEA conducts on-site inspections to ensure that nuclear materials are used only used for peaceful purposes.
Over the course of the next 2 years, we want to work along side the UN and work to educate countries about peaceful uses of nuclear energy. This may encourage countries that have nuclear weapon privileges to get rid of their weapons, and therefore preventing wars. This also may encourage more countries to use nuclear power, which is better for the environment by improving productivity in agriculture, also irradiation for for food safety. It is also cheaper, creates jobs, and so on. Educating countries about this may provide safe, secure, and sustainable power.
Bibliography

"Atomic Energy."United Nations Global Issues. 2014. December 11, 2014.<
"Nuclear Weapons."United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs. 2014. December 11, 2014 <
"Costs: Fuel, Operation, Waste Disposal & Life Cycle." Nuclear Energy Institute, 2014. December 11, 2014. <
"11 Facts about Nuclear Energy." DoSomething.org. DoSomething.org, 2014. 11 Dec. 2014. <

Submitted by: Haiti

In this modern world nuclear technology has many uses. There is currently a program going on between The United States and The Russian Federation called Megatons to Megawatts. This program takes nuclear warheads and turns them into nuclear energy. Our world has only seen two nuclear weapons used against other nations. These weapons have left an impression on the minds of people around the globe. Nuclear energy is a safe way to get energy when properly handled. After the cost of building the plant, nuclear energy is cheap. It is being used in many countries safely and effectively. Despite these setbacks in the acceptance of nuclear technology, nations have continued to develop weapons. The UN would like to take these weapons out of play and instead push for the development of peaceful technology that will benefit the human race instead of destroying it. The main uses of this non-violent technology will most likely be for medical purposes as well as renewable energy. Cancer is a very large problem in our world. With nuclear technology we can treat this disease and save lives. Chemotherapy is a well proven treatment, but like all things it could still use improvement. For some people chemotherapy is not an option because it isn’t available.

The nation of Haiti feels that nuclear technology has a future in our world. Unfortunately, Haiti has financial issues and cannot fund its own nuclear power plant or chemotherapy. Although Haiti has some issues with money, some of the doctors are receiving training on chemotherapy and are hoping for a donation of money or technology. With this money, Haiti could improve the lives of its citizens by being able to help their cancer patients survive and by giving them cheaper energy that would enable them to rebuild. Haiti believes that larger nations should provide funds for nuclear power plants to smaller nations so that the peoples of these countries can have affordable energy.

The modern world has a place for nuclear technology as long as it used peacefully and for the benefit of all. Chemotherapy can save thousands of people in poor countries if they receive enough money to be able to afford this treatment. With the money of these more fortunate nations the impoverishednations will be able to build nuclear power plants that will power hundreds of homes and businesses at a much lower cost. If the larger nations funded these projects, our world would be a healthier and brighter place.

Works Cited

"Alternative and Nuclear Energy (% of Total Energy Use) in Haiti."Alternative and Nuclear Energy

(% of Total Energy Use) in Haiti.N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014.

"Hope in Haiti for Better Cancer Care." International Atomic Energy Agency.N.p., n.d. Web. 11

Dec. 2014.

“London, Eben Harrell /. "Turning Russian Nukes into U.S. Energy."Time. Time Inc., 11 Sept.

2010. Web. 11 Dec. 2014.

"Military Warheads as a Source of Nuclear Fuel."World Nuclear Association. World Nuclear

Association, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014.

"NEA Press Room."Nuclear Energy Agency Press Kits. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014.

Central Intelligence Agency.Central Intelligence Agency, n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2014.

"Powering Haiti with Clean Energy."Clinton Foundation.N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2014.

"The Economics of Nuclear Power."Nuclear Power Economics.N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2014.

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Submitted by: Islamic Republic of Iran School: Monticello Middle School

As the United Nations Ambassador of Iran, I must communicate to the rest of the world the best

interests of our great nation. Our leaders feel that, like every country, Iran should have the right

to defend itself. In our eyes, it is wrong for some of our neighbors to have nuclear weapons, or access to nuclearenergy and not allow our country to possess them. That opens the door for other stronger countries to attack us.Iran is all to familiar with this problem. In the 1970’s Iran was attacked by Iraq and was funded bywestern countries with modern technology. If Iran was not able to get weapons from its allies, theshape of the middle east might look a lot different today. But Iran is more interested in developing nuclearenergy for electrical power. Since the first atomic bomb, people have been looking to use nuclear energy forpower instead of as a weapon. But the problem has been that these countries wanting to develop nuclear energy, have used that technology to make nuclear weapons. Because of what has happened in the past, people do not trust countriestoday who want to use nuclear energy for electrical power. This has been our problem for years.In 1946, a United Nations committee was formed to stop nuclear war from breaking out. In 1946, Iran did not have nuclear weapons or have access to nuclear energy. What would have happened to our country if that technology was given to our enemies back then?

If you just use logic, allowing Iran to develop nuclear energy would give our country a chance to

develop a better power supply which would allow our economy to grow. A happier people would cause

less problems in the world. Yet, as I speak, there are currently U.S. military bases surrounding our

borders - country which we have had many disputes with in the past. Yet we are told by the United

States and its allies (which make up the majority of the permanent Security Council members) that

Iran cannot make nuclear material because of the “possibility” we could convert this material into

nuclear weapons. What is the problem if we did? Don’t we have the right to protect ourselves? Don’t we

have the right to the same weapons as the countries that are near Iran? I assure you all that any other

country would be in full panic mode if they were in our shoes.

A possible solution to this pressing issue is to have every nation sign a new nuclear treaty to obliterate

most, if not all, of the nuclear weapons so that more powerful countries could not prey on smaller

countries. I move to set a conference of all nations to discuss allowing the spread of nuclear energy technology instead of the making of nuclear weapons with the goal of stopping nuclear war from breaking out. We have abetter chance of fixing this problem if we debate this problem in person.

Bibliography:

, World fact book- Iran, CIA, June 22, 2014

,Iran Nuclear Deal Closer as Kerry Set to Arrive in Geneva ,Jonathan Tirone, Indira A.R. Lakshmanan and KambizForoohar, Nov 8, 2013

,HassanRouhani: Iran will continue nuclear program for peaceful purposes,Irene ChappleandMark Thompson, January 23, 2014

Iran Nuclear Crisis, Various, September 17,2014

Submitted by: Israel

People around the world have been abusing nuclear technology by using it against other countries and/or cities. In fact Israel might have their own nuclear technology arsenal. Israel's foreign policy is unclear they do not directly say that they possess nuclear weapons. But, Israel does not deny that the possess nuclear weapons. Israel thinks differently about nuclear technology. Israel has tried really hard to make sure that the surrounding regions do not get their own arsenal of nuclear technology. You can use nuclear technology in good ways, like by using the energy to power electricity. Israel has made several treaties and resolutions about nuclear arms trade and nuclear technology. Some of them are, The Assistance to Palestinian Refugees. Another one is, Admission of Israel to the UN.A speech given on September 29, 2014 by Israel’s Prime Minister says, “The people of Israel are praying for peace and that people are being threatened and/or killed because of their religions.”