REGIONAL CATEGORY LIST
Category with its description / Gr7- 9 / Gr
10-12
Agricultural Sciences
Agricultural Science concerns itself with application of science to agriculture. It includes the practice of farming, cultivation of the soil for the growing of plants and crops, as well as the raising of animals to provide food, wool, and other products to supply in human needs or for economic gain. It also include pest management and the mass rearing of insects for feed and food. / 101 / 201
Animal and Veterinary Science, including Marine Animals
Animal Sciences is the study of animals’ morphology, physiology, anatomy, behaviour, origin, and distribution.This category does not include aspects of farming. Veterinary Science concerns itself with the health of animals and the treatment of injuries or diseases that affect them. Marine animal sciencesinvolves the study ofmarine animals such as fishes, molluscs and many mammals. / 102 / 202
Chemistry and Biochemistry
It is the branch of science concerned with the substances of which matter is composed, the investigation of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances. Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms / 103 / 203
Computer Science and Information Technology
Computer Science is the study of computers and computational systems. It does not deal with software and software systems but includes computers’ theory, design, development and application. Information technology(IT) is the application of computers to store, study, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data, orinformation, often in the context of a business or other enterprises. / 104 / 204
Earth Science– including Geography, Geology, Oceanography and Housing and Settlement Studies
Geography is the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected. Geology means "study of the Earth." It deals with the composition of earth materials, earth structures, and earth processes. It is also concerned with how the planet has changed over time. Oceanography deals with the physical and biological properties and phenomena of the sea. Housinggenerally refers to thesocial problemof ensuring that members of society have ahomein which to live, whether this is ahouse, or some other kind ofdwelling,lodging, orshelter. Settlementscan be as small as one house and as large as a megacity, home to millions of people. / 105 / 205
Energy: Non-renewable - fossil fuels and use of electricity
Fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal, as well as Uranium, are considerednon-renewableresources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years. Electric energyconsumptionis the actual energy demand made on existingelectricitysupply. / 106 / 206
Energy: Renewable - solar, wind, wave, hydro
Renewable energyis energy collected fromrenewable resources, which are naturally replenished on ahuman timescale. Examples in this category includes sunlight,wind,water, ocean tides andwaves. / 107 / 207
Energy: Renewable - biofuels, geothermal, bio digesters
Biofuelsare fuels produced directly or indirectly from organic material (biomass), including plant materials and animal waste.Geothermal energyis heatenergygenerated and stored in the Earth. A bio-digester isa device or structure in which thedigestionof organic waste matter by bacteria takes place with the production of a burnablebiogas(methaneandcarbondioxide). / 108 / 208
Energy efficiency and conservation: efficient use of energy and ways of using less energy
Energy efficiency - the goal is to reduce the amount ofenergyrequired to provide products and services. Energy conservationrefers to the reducing energy consumption. / 109 / 209
Engineering: Electronics and Electrical
Electrical engineering is a field ofengineeringthat generally deals with the study and application ofelectricity,electronics, andelectromagnetism.Electronic engineeringisanelectrical engineeringdiscipline which utilizes electronic components to designelectronic circuits,devices,microprocessors,microcontrollersand othersystems. / 110 / 210
Engineering: Chemical, Metallurgical, Civil and Mining
Chemical engineeringis a branch of engineering large-scale processes are designed that convert chemicals, raw materials, living cells, microorganisms and energy into useful forms and products. Metallurgical engineering is the science that deals with procedures used in extracting metals from theirores,purifyingandalloyingmetals,and creating useful objects from metals. Civil engineeringis adiscipline that deals with the design, construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings. Miningis anengineeringdiscipline that applies science and technology to the extraction of minerals from the earth.Mining engineeringis associated with many other disciplines, such as geology. / 111 / 211
Engineering: Mechanical, Aeronautical and Industrial
Mechanical engineering deals with the design, construction, and use of machines. It applies the principles ofengineering, physics, and materials science for the design, analysis, manufacturing, and maintenance ofmechanicalsystems. Aeronautical/ astronautical engineering deals with the design, development, testing and production of aircraft and related systems, and of spacecraft, missiles, rocket propulsion systems and other equipment operating beyond the earth’s atmosphere. Industrial engineeringis all about the optimization of complex processes, systemsor organizations.Industrial engineerswork to eliminate waste of time, money, materials, person-hours, machine time, energy and other resources. / 112 / 212
Environmental Management: study of human interaction with the environment (e.g. waste management, recycling, deforestation, land management and bioremediation)
Environmental management includes controlling human impact on and interaction with the environment in order to preserve naturalresources. / 113 / 213
Environmental Science: changes to the environment (e.g. pollution, climate change, carbon emissions and ecology)
Environmental sciencefocuses on the study of the relationships of the natural world and the relationships between organisms and their environments. Environmental changesis achangeor disturbance of theenvironmentcaused by natural disasters, natural ecological processes, human interference or animal interaction. / 114 / 214
Food Science, Food Technology and Healthy Eating
Food Science entails the study of the chemical and physical properties of foods and of changes that may occur during processing, storage, etc. Food technologyincludes production, processing and distribution of food to improve manufacturing methods through preservation, storage and new product development. Healthy eatingentailseatinga variety offoodsthat give you the nutrients you need to maintain your health, feel good, and have energy. These nutrients include protein, carbohydrates, fat, water, vitamins, and minerals. / 115 / 215
Innovation and Technology
To be called an innovation, an idea must be replicable at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. Innovation involves thoughtful application of information, imagination and initiative in growing greater or different values from resources. It includes all processes by which new ideas are generated and converted into useful products. Technology is the purposeful application of information and scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. / 117 / 217
Mathematics and Statistics
Mathematics is the abstract science of number, quantity, and space, either as abstract concepts (pure mathematics), or as applied to other disciplines (applied mathematics). Statistics as a branch of mathematics deals with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of masses of numerical data. / 118 / 218
Medical Science (anatomy, genetics, physiology) and Health Care (hygiene and life style)
Anatomy is the branch of science concerned with the physical structure of the human body on macro and micro level.Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. Physiology deals with the functions of the different systems of the human as living organism and its parts body. Health Care is the act of taking preventative or necessary medical measures/procedures to improve a person's well-being. / 119 / 219
Microbiology and Diseases
Microbiologyis the study of microorganisms. This includes eukaryotes such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes such as bacteria and certain algae. Viruses are also included. Medical microbiologyconcerns itself with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment ofinfectious diseases. This field of study also includes clinical applications of microbes for the improvement of health. / 120 / 220
Physics, Astronomy and Space Science
Physics as scientific field deals with matter and energy, and their interactions in the fields of mechanics, acoustics, optics, heat, electricity, magnetism, radiation, atomic structure, and nuclear phenomena. (Please note that projects in which physics concepts such as heat, solar rays, wind or electricity is applied, must be entered in an Energy category). Astronomy deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole, whereas Space scienceencompasses all of the scientific disciplines involved in space exploration and studying phenomena occurring in outer space, such asspace medicineandastrobiology. / 121 / 221
Plant Sciences including Marine Plants
Plant science is the science of plantlife, which include mosses, ferns, conifers and flowering plants. Researching plants has led to an increase in our supply of medicines, foods, fibres, building materials, and help to manage parks and wilderness areas. Aquatic plantsareplantsthat have adapted to living inaquatic environments (saltwateror freshwater).Theseplantsrequire special adaptations for living submerged in water, or at the water's surface. / 122 / 222
Social and Psychological Sciences
Social science is the scientific study of institutions and the functioning of human society, including interpersonal relationships of individuals as members of society.Psychology is the science dealing with the mind andmentalprocesses,especiallyin relationtohuman behavior.
/ 123 / 223Sports Science
This discipline studies how the healthy human body works during exercise, and howsportand physical activity promote health from cellular to whole body perspectives. / 116 / 216
Sustainable Development (social, environmental and economic)
Sustainable developmentis defined as a process of meetinghuman developmentgoals while sustainingthe ability of systems to continue to provide thenatural resourcesandecosystem servicesupon which theeconomyandsocietydepends. / 124 / 224