Sokol
Test Review 1 Creative Impulse thru Philosophy
Answer Key
1. What is the definition of Humanities according to the textbook?
a. “…aspects of culture that look into the human spirit” pp. 14
2. What are ethics? Give an example.
a. The set of principles that determine right and wrong conduct for a culture. Often these beliefs are embedded in our laws. Example: Thou shalt not kill; it is illegal to murder others
3. What are values? Give an example.
a. Personal: intrinsic beliefs that you hold. You learn them by inference through parents, school, etc. Example: Education is important. Killing is bad.
4. What are morals? Give an example.
a. The set of beliefs that determine right and wrong conduct. Example: You shouldn’t lie. You shouldn’t kill.
5. What is the dialectic?
a. the process of posing questions that guide learning
6. Who invented the dialectic?
a. Socrates
7. What does eclectic mean?
a. a mix of things
8. What does Philosophy mean?
a. love of wisdom
9. When did philosophy originate?
a. 600 B.C.
10. Name 5 problems with being Human from the Little Prince.
a. lack of imagination
b. bad habits
c. work-a-holic
d. losing sight of goals
e. controlling
f. vain/conceited
g. following orders blindly
h. talker- not a doer
11. What are “matters of consequence” according to the Little Prince?
a. mixing up priorities and not realizing what is important
12. What do the baobabs symbolize?
a. bad habits
13. What is wrong with each of the 3 sheep?
a. 1st sheep= sick
b. 2nd sheep= ram
c. 3rd sheep= old
14. What does the box symbolize?
a. imagination
15. What is drawing number 1 of in the Little Prince ? How do the adults interpret it?
a. a boa constrictor eating an elephant
b. a hat
16. Name the 7 stages of maturation from the NEH definition.
a. Stage 1: Sense of Self (1-2 yrs. old)
b. Stage 2: Bonding (0-5 yrs. old)
c. Stage 3: Historical sense of self ( 2-6 yrs. old)
d. Stage 4: Sexual Identity: (2-6 yrs. old)
e. Stage 5: Ethnic Identity: (5-12 yrs. old)
f. Stage 6: Rites of passage: (11-?)
g. Personal Identity Established (18-?)
17. What does global view/relativistic approach/ or open minded evaluation mean?
a. Having the ability to pull outside your own biases and interpretations and look at the world objectively and logically.
18. What does the creative impulse mean? Be able to defend or refute the notion.
a. Mans desire to create and explore.
19. What is a spectrum question?
a. Questions that have a range of answers. The best answer(s) for a spectrum question is the answer with the strongest support. When struggling with a spectrum question, seek support for all your ideas.
20. What was the main point of Ca rl Sagan & Ann Druyan’s article “ What Makes Us Different”
a. We are more complex than other species
21. What is the definition of Idealism?
a. A philosophy that advocates that all of truth already exists and your task as a human being is to find the truth.
22. Who is the father of Idealism?
a. Plato
23. Name 5 parts of idealism.
a. Developed from Plato’s ideas (Theory of Forms)
b. Force or God created the universe and directs it.
c. You must strive continually to learn all there is to learn.
d. Rights and wrongs exist and are not changed by situations
e. You will be rewarded for doing what is right
f. Idealism is optimistic and offers us HOPE
g. What cultures are idealistic? (India, Italy)
h. What U.S. beliefs or laws are idealistic? (Pledge, In God We Trust)
24. What is the definition of Realism?
a. A philosophy that advocates that there is a scientific order to universe and that these universal laws are constant.
25. Who is the father of Realism?
a. Aristotle
26. Name 5 parts of realism?
a. Derives from the writings of Greek philosopher Aristotle
b. God may have created the universe, but no longer controls it
c. Your only calling is to be born, live, procreate, and die
d. Dying is the end of a biological experience
e. To learn you must follow the scientific method
f. Truth is based on natural laws
g. The survival of the fittest is the dominate law of nature
h. Humans are just part of a larger ecosystem
i. Humans are just part of a larger ecosystem
j. What cultures past or present are realistic? (Germany, Japan)
k. What American ideas or practices are realistic? (Science & Technology)
27. What is the definition of Humanism?
a. A philosophy based on the belief that God created humans with intelligence, which is eternal and divine; as a result humans are capable of meeting their potential and governing self
28. Name 5 parts of humanism.
a. Derived from Renaissance thinkers
b. Learning and education are essential to improving the human condition
c. Truth can be discovered by studying the great works of Greek and Roman thinkers (return to classics)
d. Freedom is essential for humans to develop laws, society, culture
e. Humans can advance by their own initiative
f. All religious faiths and beliefs are good and should be tolerated.
g. The freedom of speech is a necessity
h. Humans are the measure of all things
i. Meet your potential!
j. What cultures current or past have been humanistic? (U.S., Canada, England)
k. What acts are humanistic in our culture today? (Freedom of speech, religion, press, etc)
l. How is “human rights” linked to humanism? (Life, liberty, pursuit of happiness)
29. What is the definition of pragmatism?
a. A philosophy that advocates there is no set truth, but truth changes as you search and study
30. Name 5 parts of pragmatism.
a. Derives from the American philosopher Dewey
b. The world derives from happen stance and is ever changing
c. Change is good and productive
d. Truth changes as you search and study
e. Humanity receives strength and greatness from working together
f. If it works, do it
g. Right is what brings the greatest good to the greatest number
h. You learn through experience
i. Easy going and flexible outlook
j. What countries approach to living pragmatically? How? (U.S., England, Canada)
k. In what ways is the U.S. culture pragmatic? (American Dream)
l. How do you witness this philosophy at Red Mountain? (Student Council)
31. What is the definition of Existentialism?
a. A philosophy that advocates that the individual is not important simply because he is alive; he matters only if he finds his essence or that special quality which makes him special and unique.
32. Name 5 parts of Existentialism.
a. Developed by Kierkegaard
b. God does not exist- but you may grow to be able to make a “leap of faith”
c. No one controls your fate but you.
d. You define yourself by your choices
e. Life is difficult but each individual must accept responsibility for self
f. The only thing that matters is now—live for the moment
g. Only you can fulfill your existence; only you can make you happy
h. Self reliant (or self–centered, alienated from others) focus on life
i. Individualistic approach to living
j. What cultures have existentialist outlooks?
k. How is existentialism seen in American culture?
33. Name 5 major countries and the philosophy each country subscribes to (i.e. the U.S. is pragmatic)
a. Idealism: Italy- citizens must live by the rules of the Roman Catholic Church even if they are not Catholic
i. India- Strict class structure & the not eating of cows because they are sacred, even though it would save thousands of lives to eat the cow.
b. Realism: Japan- Suicide is not considered a social ill or unfortunate act rather society sees it as an individual realizing that he is not strong enough to meet the demands of society.
i. Germany- Hitler trying to create a perfect race
c. Pragmatism: U.S.- Our history demonstrates that whatever we dream we can achieve
d. Humanism: U.S., Canada, England, - Humanism is not a full blown philosophy which seeks to answer all the metaphysical questions.
e. Existentialism: No country uses existentialism as the basis of law; France is the closest country that adapts to the philosophy as it is a strictly individual-centered philosophy and truly fills the French sense of being unique.
34. Who is the father of philosophy?
a. Socrates
35. Is science part of the Humanities? Be able to support your answer.
a. Individual opinion as long as you can support your answer.
36. Name 5 ethical issues and why they are ethical issues.
a. Abortion
b. Gay rights
c. Assisted suicide
d. Death penalty
e. Cheating
f. Health care reform
g. Gun laws
h. Affirmative Action
i. Legalizing marijuana
j. Or any others you can think of
37. What philosophy did Exupery subscribe to in the Little Prince ?
a. Idealism
38. What is the definition of symbolic meaning?
a. Interpreting with depth, identifying a deeper more significant meaning than is apparent on the surface.
39. What is the definition of literal meaning?
a. As is, interpreting something exacting as it is given to you.
40. What does the fox symbolize in the Little Prince ?
a. friendship
41. What does the snake symbolize?
a. death
42. What does the rose symbolize?
a. love
43. Name 3 of the planets and what they symbolize.
a. King: Controlling or empty power
b. Conceited man: vain/conceit
c. Tippler: bad habits/ escape of problems
d. Businessman: work-a-holic, cannot effectively communicate, loves material things
e. Lamplighter: follows orders blindly, but selfless; has good intentions ( important to note that this is the ONLY other planet the Little Prince considers staying on because of the selfless nature of the lamplighter)
f. Geographer: Talker not a doer; also teachers the Little Prince that things do not last forever (ephemeral things)
g. Rose: Love
h. Fox: Friendship
i. Snake: Death
j. Switchman: goals versus wandering aimlessly
44. What does humanities study?
a. the pursuit of understanding of the arts and music; the study of philosophy; an exploration of history to understand events that have had an impact on man; an examination of questions that have perpetually baffled man.
45. What are unique features of being Human?
a. Language
b. Culture
c. Traditions
d. Rule-governing or laws
e. Trade
f. Art
g. Dance
h. Music
i. Religion
j. Inventiveness
k. Creativity
l. Intelligence
m. Morality-ethics
n. Math
o. Conceptual knowledge
46. What is affective learning?
a. emotional or feeling responses
47. What is cognitive learning?
a. being logical or thinking critically
48. Why do we analyze art?
a. enhanced perception and understanding pp. 17 textbook
49. What are the 4 functions of art in our lives?
a. Entertainment: provide escape from everyday cares
b. Political: to sensitize viewers, listeners, or readers to particular cultural situations.
c. Therapy: Help treat a variety of illnesses.
d. Artifact: a product that represents the ideas and technology of a time and place.
50. Name 2 stages from Maslow’s hierarchy .
a. Physiological Needs (bottom of the ladder)
b. Safety needs
c. Love needs
d. Esteem needs
e. Self actualization (top of the ladder)
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