Chemistry: Atomic Number and Mass Number

Name:

Complete the following chart and answer the questions below.

Element
Name / Atomic
Number / Number of
Protons / Number of
Neutrons / Mass Number
carbon / 6 / 6 / 6 / 12
Oxygen / 8 / 8 / 8 / 16
hydrogen / 1 / 1 / 0 / 1
Carbon
(carbon 14) / 6 / 6 / 8 / 14
Hydrogen (tritium) / 1 / 1 / 2 / 3
nitrogen / 7 / 7 / 7 / 14
Hydrogen / 1 / 1 / 1 / 2
Helium / 2 / 2 / 2 (1 is also ok) / 4 (3)
Calcium / 20 / 20 / 20 / 40

How are the atomic number and the number of protons related to each other?

Atomic number = number of protons

How do the number of protons, number of neutrons, and the mass number relate to each other?

# of protons + # of neutrons = mass #

What is the one thing that determines the identity of an atom (that is, whether it is an oxygen atom or a carbon atom, etc.)?

# of protons

A.  polar molecules / ·  molecules that possess distinct poles
B.  hydrophilic / ·  molecules attracted to water and readily dissolve
C.  capillary action / ·  attraction of water molecules to each other and to another that is strong enough to overcome the force of gravity (yes I changed it)
D.  cohesion / ·  attraction of water molecules to each other through hydrogen bonds
E.  solute / ·  material that dissolves in a solvent
F.  high specific heat / ·  ability of a molecule to absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises
G.  adhesion / ·  attraction of water molecules to any hydrophilic substance
H.  solvent / ·  dissolves a solute
I.  homeostasis / ·  maintaining constant conditions
J.  nonpolar molecules / ·  molecules that lack regions of electric charge
K.  hydrophobic / ·  repelled by water molecules
L.  cooling agent / ·  ability to cool a surface during evaporation
M.  surface tension / ·  a film or layer at the surface of molecules that resists being separated
N.  solution / ·  resulting product of a solvent and solute
O.  hydrogen bond / ·  when oppositely charged parts of molecules are attracted to each other
P.  universal solvent / ·  water’s ability to dissolve many substance

Match the terms (The definitions have been moved next to their terms)