Supplementary Table 1. Site Locations and Environmental Measurements for Investigated Soils

Supplementary Table 1. Site locations and environmental measurements for investigated soils

Soil Code / Location Description / Latitude / Longitude / Elevation (m) / Dominant Plant Species / MAT
(C) / MAP
(mm) / % C / % silt
+ clay / pH / C:N / C min rate
AR1 / Misiones, Argentina / 27.73 / 55.68 / 150 / Leguminosae, Eugenia sp. / 23 / 1400 / 2.21 / 80 / 5.8 / 8.98 / 4.30
AR2 / Misiones, Argentina / 27.73 / 55.68 / 150 / Balfourodendron sp., Tabebuia sp. / 23 / 1400 / 2.17 / 78 / 6 / 9.36 / 3.90
AR3 / Misiones, Argentina / 27.73 / 55.68 / 150 / Tabebuia sp., Luehea sp. / 23 / 1400 / 2.44 / 82 / 5.9 / 9.84 / 4.50
BB2 / Bear Brook, ME, USA / 44.87 / 68.10 / 400 / Fagus grandifolia, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis / 6.1 / 1200 / 5.22 / 44 / 4.6 / 21.4 / 2.22
BF1 / Bousson Forest, PA, USA / 41.58 / 80.05 / 390 / Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Prunus serotina / 7.8 / 1000 / 6.44 / 60 / 4.05 / 13.7 / 7.02
BF2 / Bousson Forest, PA, USA / 41.58 / 80.05 / 390 / Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Prunus serotina / 7.8 / 1000 / 9.52 / 56 / 3.61 / 15.2 / 8.72
BP1 / Badlands National Park, SD USA / 43.75 / 102.38 / 1000 / Agropyron smithii, Schizachyrium scoparium / 6.6 / 450 / 3.10 / 65 / 7.53 / 14.5 / 7.74
BZ1 / Bonanza Creek LTER, AK USA / 64.80 / 148.25 / 300 / Picea glauca / -2.9 / 260 / 3.03 / 80 / 5.12 / 19.4 / 4.19
CA1 / Cedar Mtn. AZ, USA / 36.05 / 111.77 / 2003 / Pinus edulis / 10.3 / 400 / 1.67 / 73 / 7.27 / 13 / 2.28
CA2 / Cedar Mtn. AZ, USA / 36.05 / 111.77 / 2003 / Juniperus monosperma / 10.3 / 400 / 2.15 / 74 / 8.02 / 13.6 / 1.63
CC1 / Cedar Creek LTER, MN USA / 45.40 / 93.20 / 110 / Carex muhlenbergii, Andropogon gerardii, Poa pratensis,Schizachyrium scoparium / 5.8 / 720 / 1.91 / 11 / 6.06 / 14.5 / 4.20
CF1 / Catskills, NY USA / 42.16 / 74.26 / 800 / Acer saccharum, Fagus grandifolia, Acer rubrum / 5.3 / 1300 / 2.56 / 49 / 3.92 / 13.6 / 2.27
CF2 / Catskills, NY USA / 41.93 / 74.35 / 800 / Fagus grandifolia, Betula alleghaniensis, Acer saccharum / 5.3 / 1300 / 4.06 / 28 / 3.63 / 19.1 / 3.00
CF3 / Catskills, NY USA / 42.12 / 74.10 / 800 / Tsuga canadensis / 5.3 / 1300 / 4.33 / 77 / 3.56 / 17 / 2.91
CL1 / Calhoun Experimental Forest, SC USA / 34.62 / 81.67 / 150 / Quercus spp., Carya spp., Acer rubrum / 15.9 / 1250 / 2.33 / 35 / 5.68 / 19.6 / 4.64
CL2 / Calhoun Experimental Forest, SC USA / 34.62 / 81.67 / 150 / Bromus spp. / 15.9 / 1250 / 2.27 / 25 / 5.57 / 12.8 / 4.07
CL3 / Calhoun Experimental Forest, SC USA / 34.62 / 81.67 / 150 / Pinus taeda / 15.9 / 1250 / 1.21 / 19 / 4.89 / 24.3 / 4.15
CL4 / Calhoun Experimental Forest, SC USA / 34.62 / 81.67 / 150 / Hordeum sp. / 15.9 / 1250 / 1.71 / 36 / 5.03 / 13.7 / 2.23
CM1 / Clymer Meadow Preserve, TX USA / 33.30 / 96.23 / 200 / Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium / 18.5 / 850 / 2.99 / 82 / 7.85 / 12.4 / 2.04
CO1 / Fort Collins, CO USA / 40.40 / 105.70 / 3800 / Geum rossii, Primula spp., Silene acaulis, Poa spp. / -3.0 / 600 / 1.59 / 14 / 6.13 / 19.1 / 4.48
CO2 / Fort Collins, CO USA / 40.58 / 105.33 / 2400 / Pinus contorta / 6.1 / 350 / 1.81 / 24 / 5.68 / 31.8 / 9.22
CO3 / Shortgrass Steppe LTER, CO USA / 40.80 / 104.83 / 1500 / Bouteloua gracilis, Buchloe dactyloides, Sphaeralcea coccinea / 9.3 / 322 / 0.82 / 24 / 6.02 / 11.7 / 2.44
CR1 / Coffey Ranch, TX USA / 33.93 / 97.23 / 250 / Schizachyrium scoparium, Andropogon gerardii, Panicum virgatum / 18.4 / 850 / 2.83 / 64 / 8.00 / 10.7 / 3.08
DF1 / Duke Forest, NC USA / 35.97 / 79.08 / 163 / Pinus taeda, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Cornus florida / 14.6 / 1100 / 2.78 / 43 / 5.37 / 37.7 / 13.20
DF2 / Duke Forest, NC USA / 35.97 / 79.08 / 163 / Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua, Carya sp., Ostrya virginiana / 14.6 / 1100 / 5.45 / 53 / 6.84 / 18.3 / 20.41
DF3 / Duke Forest, NC USA / 35.97 / 79.08 / 150 / Quercus alba / 14.6 / 1100 / 1.70 / 20 / 5.05 / 25.8 / 4.15
GB1 / Great Basin Experimental Range, UT USA / 39.33 / 111.45 / 3750 / Poa spp., Achillea millefolium / 2.0 / 400 / 2.82 / 77 / 6.84 / 12.2 / 6.10
GB2 / Great Basin Experimental Range, UT USA / 39.32 / 111.47 / 3290 / Populus tremuloides, Vicia americana, Bromus inermis understory / 2.0 / 400 / 6.89 / 65 / 7.57 / 13.1 / 5.38
GB3 / Great Basin Experimental Range, UT USA / 39.32 / 111.48 / 3270 / Abies concolor, Picea engelmannii / 2.0 / 400 / 5.71 / 76 / 7.18 / 14.3 / 6.24
GB5 / Great Basin Experimental Range, UT USA / 39.35 / 111.58 / 2160 / Juniperus osteosperma, Artemisia tridentata, Bromus tectorum / 4.8 / 400 / 1.68 / 70 / 8.22 / 11.8 / 6.34
HF1 / Harvard Forest, MA USA / 42.50 / 72.17 / 300 / Quercus rubra, Acer rubrum, Quercus velutina / 7.0 / 1100 / 12.76 / 33 / 4.25 / 22.5 / 14.41
HF2 / Harvard Forest, MA USA / 42.50 / 72.17 / 300 / Pinus resinosa / 7.0 / 1100 / 9.55 / 38 / 3.98 / 20.9 / 10.00
HI1 / Kohala Peninsula, HI USA / 20.08 / 155.70 / 200 / Pennisetum clandestinum / 22.8 / 250 / 1.14 / 58 / 6.45 / 11.8 / 0.53
HI2 / Kohala Peninsula, HI USA / 20.08 / 155.70 / 700 / Pennisetum clandestinum / 22.8 / 750 / 15.88 / 36 / 6.32 / 11 / 11.81
HI3 / Kohala Peninsula, HI USA / 20.08 / 155.70 / 1000 / Pennisetum clandestinum / 22.8 / 1000 / 18.24 / 25 / 6.53 / 11.2 / 13.29
HI4 / Kohala Peninsula, HI USA / 20.08 / 155.70 / 1500 / Pennisetum clandestinum / 22.8 / 1500 / 10.82 / 52 / 4.92 / 15.1 / 22.82
HJ1 / H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, OR USA / 44.22 / 122.15 / 700 / Pseudotsuga menziesii, Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata / 9.4 / 2000 / 6.95 / 41 / 5.41 / 36.6 / 5.08
HJ2 / H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, OR USA / 44.22 / 122.15 / 700 / Alnus rubra, Rhododendron macrophyllum / 9.4 / 2000 / 7.61 / 47 / 5.36 / 26.1 / 4.53
IE1 / Institute for Ecosystem Studies, NY USA / 41.80 / 73.75 / 75 / Poa pratensis, Galium aparine, Solidago sp. / 8.6 / 1200 / 2.70 / 49 / 5.27 / 11.8 / 7.54
IE2 / Institute for Ecosystem Studies, NY USA / 41.80 / 73.75 / 75 / Anthoxanthum odoratum, Datcylis glomerata, Galium aparine, Solidago sp. / 8.6 / 1200 / 4.07 / 49 / 5.52 / 13.2 / 11.42
IT1 / Itasca Lake State Park, MN USA / 47.17 / 95.17 / 550 / Acer saccharum, Corylus cornuta, Populus tremuloides / 3.0 / 750 / 6.31 / 27 / 5.78 / 22.5 / 16.08
IT2 / Itasca Lake State Park, MN USA / 47.18 / 95.17 / 550 / Pinus resinosa / 3.0 / 750 / 3.91 / 19 / 5.42 / 23 / 16.00
JT1 / Joshua Tree National Park, CA USA / 33.97 / 116.07 / 1360 / Larrea tridentata, Ambrosia dumosa / 16 / 90 / .687 / 18 / 7.6 / 11.67 / 11.70
KP1 / Konza Prairie LTER, KS USA / 39.10 / 96.60 / 100 / Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Poa pratensis / 12.5 / 835 / 6.12 / 78 / 6.37 / 13.6 / 4.32
KP3 / Konza Prairie LTER, KS USA / 39.10 / 96.60 / 100 / Juniperus virginiana / 12.5 / 835 / 6.89 / 76 / 7.92 / 17.7 / 1.95
KP4 / Konza Prairie LTER, KS USA / 39.10 / 96.60 / 300 / Andropogon gerardii, Sorghastrum nutans, Schizachyrium scoparium / 12.5 / 835 / 3.98 / 77 / 7.1 / 13.89 / 16.00
LQ1 / Luquillo LTER, Puerto Rico / 18.30 / 65.83 / 1000 / Tabebuia rigida / 19.3 / 5000 / 13.95 / 64 / 4.89 / 24.6 / 5.95
LQ2 / Luquillo LTER, Puerto Rico / 18.30 / 65.83 / 400 / Dacryodes excelsa / 21.5 / 3500 / 4.11 / 84 / 5.03 / 13 / 7.82
LQ3 / Luquillo LTER, Puerto Rico / 18.30 / 65.83 / 700 / Cyrilla racemiflora / 20.5 / 4500 / 6.41 / 35 / 4.67 / 22.6 / 3.69
MD2 / Mojave Desert, CA USA / 34.90 / 115.60 / 1171 / Larrea tridentata, Ambrosia dumosa, Yucca schidigera, Bromus spp. / 21.0 / 150 / 0.42 / 26 / 7.65 / 8.8 / 1.97
MD3 / Mojave Desert, CA USA / 34.90 / 115.65 / 967 / Larrea tridentata, Ambrosia dumosa, Yucca shidigera / 21.0 / 150 / 0.12 / 19 / 7.90 / 6.8 / 0.93
MD4 / Mojave Desert, CA USA / 35.20 / 115.87 / 776 / Opuntia echinocarpa, Echinocactus polycephalus / 21.0 / 150 / 0.12 / 47 / 8.86 / 5.6 / 0.18
MD5 / Mojave Desert, CA USA / 35.20 / 115.87 / 776 / Larrea tridentata, Ambrosia dumosa, Yucca schidigera, Bromus spp. / 21.0 / 150 / 0.57 / 20 / 8.07 / 9.5 / 5.93
MP1 / Mary's Peak, OR USA / 49.47 / 123.53 / 1300 / Poa spp., Bromus spp. / 8.8 / 2200 / 10.70 / 41 / 4.56 / 14.7 / 5.64
MP2 / Mary's Peak, OR USA / 49.47 / 123.53 / 1300 / Abies procera / 8.8 / 2200 / 9.87 / 42 / 4.38 / 18.3 / 7.12
MT1 / Missoula, MT USA / 46.80 / 114.00 / 1000 / Acer sp. / 7 / 450 / 10.54 / 30 / 7.57 / 16.01 / 26.90
MT2 / Missoula, MT USA / 46.80 / 114.00 / 1000 / Pseudotsuga menziesii / 7 / 450 / 3.91 / 35 / 6.66 / 23.09 / 19.70
PE1 / Manu National Park, Peru / 13.08 / 71.58 / 3250 / Melastomataceae, Cunoniaceae, Lauraceae / 10 / 2100 / 13.42 / 35 / 4.12 / 13.89 / 32.20
PE2 / Manu National Park, Peru / 13.02 / 71.58 / 2750 / Cyatheaceae, Cunoniaceae, Euphorbiaceae / 12 / 2500 / 5.74 / 34 / 4.11 / 15.36 / 14.40
PE3 / Manu National Park, Peru / 13.08 / 71.58 / 2000 / Cyatheaceae, Clusiaceae, Lauraceae / 16 / 5500 / 13.09 / 40 / 4.25 / 16.84 / 31.80
PE4 / Manu National Park, Peru / 13.08 / 71.58 / 1750 / Cyatheaceae, Myrtaceae, Clethraceae / 17 / 6200 / 5.95 / 32 / 4.1 / 18.45 / 15.50
PE5 / Manu National Park, Peru / 12.63 / 71.27 / 860 / Maieta sp., Ficus sp. / 23 / 5000 / 9.36 / 70 / 3.57 / 14.55 / 25.00
PE6 / Manu National Park, Peru / 12.65 / 71.23 / 440 / Parkia sp., Virola sp., Socratea sp. / 25 / 4000 / 3.34 / 65 / 4.12 / 10.12 / 13.40
PE7 / Manu National Park, Peru / 12.65 / 71.23 / 366 / Cecropia sp., Begonia sp., Brosimum sp. / 25 / 4000 / 6.377 / 88 / 5.51 / 11.21 / 16.70
RT1 / USDA Grassland Research Center, Riesel, TX USA / 31.47 / 96.87 / 50 / Prosopis glandulosa, Gleditsia triacanthos, Ulmus crassifolia / 18.1 / 840 / 3.94 / 82 / 7.92 / 12.3 / 1.85
RT2 / USDA Grassland Research Center, Riesel, TX USA / 31.47 / 96.87 / 50 / Andropogon gerardii, Schizachyrium scoparium / 18.1 / 840 / 3.75 / 80 / 8.07 / 12 / 1.65
SA1 / Sunset Crater, AZ USA / 35.37 / 111.55 / 1905 / Pinus edulis / 10.3 / 400 / 2.29 / 9 / 6.90 / 18.2 / 3.82
SA2 / Sunset Crater, AZ USA / 35.37 / 111.55 / 1905 / Juniperus monosperma / 10.3 / 400 / 2.50 / 8 / 8.10 / 17 / 6.32
SB1 / Santa Barbara, CA USA / 34.47 / 119.80 / 500 / Ceanothus megacarpus, Adenostoma fasciculatum / 15.0 / 550 / 2.65 / 54 / 7.92 / 16.9 / 7.17
SF1 / Santa Fe, NM USA / 35.38 / 105.93 / 1500 / Atriplex canescens, Sporobolus airoides, Sarcobatus vermiculatus / 13 / 250 / 1.42 / 60 / 7.71 / 9.92 / 7.60
SF2 / Santa Fe, NM USA / 35.38 / 105.93 / 1500 / Atriplex canescens, Sporobolus airoides, Sarcobatus vermiculatus / 13 / 250 / 0.42 / 58 / 8.38 / 8.14 / 4.00
SK1 / BOREAS site, Saskatchewan, Canada / 53.90 / 104.70 / 579 / Pinus banksiana / 0.4 / 467 / 1.16 / 21 / 5.45 / 31.68 / 5.80
SK2 / BOREAS site, Saskatchewan, Canada / 53.98 / 105.20 / 628 / Picea mariana / 0.4 / 467 / 2.49 / 35 / 6.18 / 24.35 / 6.50
SK3 / BOREAS site, Saskatchewan, Canada / 53.60 / 106.20 / 601 / Populus tremuloides / 0.4 / 467 / .85 / 55 / 5.83 / 14.14 / 3.70
SN1 / Sierra Nevada Mts., CA USA / 36.45 / 118.17 / 3000 / Pinus jeffreyi, Abies concolor / 3.6 / 600 / 4.25 / 20 / 4.95 / 22 / 13.00
SN3 / Sierra Nevada Mts., CA USA / 36.45 / 118.17 / 3000 / Artemisia tridentata, Ceanothus prostratus / 3.6 / 600 / 1.66 / 20 / 5.74 / 13.9 / 6.29
SP1 / Sequoia National Park, CA USA / 36.50 / 118.70 / 650 / Adenostoma fasciculatum / 12.7 / 650 / 1.68 / 36 / 6.25 / 18.5 / 7.71
SP2 / Sequoia National Park, CA USA / 36.62 / 118.63 / 3215 / Calamagrostis breweri, Carex spp., Salix arctica, Vaccinium caespitosum / 3.6 / 750 / 8.10 / 24 / 5.13 / 15.9 / 6.54
SR1 / Sedgwick Reserve, CA USA / 34.70 / 120.05 / 300 / Quercus douglasii, Bromus spp. / 17.2 / 500 / 4.59 / 55 / 6.84 / 11.1 / 6.12
SR2 / Sedgwick Reserve, CA USA / 34.68 / 120.03 / 300 / Artemisia californica, Salvia leucophylla / 17.2 / 500 / 1.46 / 48 / 8.00 / 11.1 / 2.46
SR3 / Sedgwick Reserve, CA USA / 34.68 / 120.05 / 300 / Bromus spp., Hordeum murinum / 17.2 / 500 / 3.30 / 61 / 6.95 / 11 / 7.15
SV1 / Sevilleta LTER, NM USA / 34.33 / 106.73 / 1480 / Larrea tridentata / 13.5 / 210 / 0.30 / 22 / 8.31 / 5 / 2.04
SV2 / Sevilleta LTER, NM USA / 34.33 / 106.73 / 1480 / Bouteloua eriopoda, Bouteloua gracilis / 13.5 / 210 / 0.23 / 20 / 8.44 / 4.6 / 1.40
TL1 / Toolik Lake LTER, AK USA / 68.63 / 149.58 / 894 / Eriophorum vaginatum / -9.3 / 400 / 7.02 / 57 / 4.58 / 18.7 / 9.24
TL2 / Toolik Lake LTER, AK USA / 68.63 / 149.58 / 894 / Salix spp., Betula nana / -9.3 / 400 / 15.83 / 61 / 6.47 / 16.6 / 12.09
TL3 / Toolik Lake LTER, AK USA / 68.63 / 149.58 / 894 / Vaccinium spp. / -9.3 / 400 / 5.39 / 52 / 4.23 / 24.6 / 16.46
VC1 / Valles Caldera, NM USA / 35.90 / 106.55 / 2746 / Picea engelmannii, Populus tremuloides / 2.5 / 500 / 5.67 / 41 / 5.55 / 17 / 15.21
VC2 / Valles Caldera, NM USA / 35.90 / 106.55 / 2733 / Blepharoneuron tricholepis, Potentilla fruticosa, Poa pratensis, Achillea millefolium / 2.5 / 500 / 3.44 / 59 / 5.99 / 11.5 / 6.27

MAT=mean annual temperature, MAP=mean annual precipitation, %C = % Organic Carbon, C:N = Carbon to Nitrogen ratio, C Min = Carbon Mineralization rate. All longitudes are west and all latitudes are north with the exception of sites in Argentina and Peru. The dominant plant species at each site were determined in a qualitative manner at the time of sample collection. Dominant plants are described by genera or family if species identification was unclear. Soil organic carbon content was measured on a CE Elantech Model NC2100 elemental analyzer (ThermoQuest Italia, Milan, Italy) with combustion at 900oC, values are reported in g C 100g soil-1. Soil pH was measured after shaking a soil/water (1:1 w/v) suspension for 30 min. Particle size analyses were conducted at the Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Analytical Laboratory, University of California Cooperative Extension (Davis, CA, USA) using standard methods.