Final Review Questions

Final will be Multiple Choice

  1. The number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time is called:
  1. An amusement park ride has a frequency of 0.05 Hz. What is the ride’s period?
  1. An amusement park ride swings back and forth once every 40.0 s. What is the ride’s frequency?

Use the picture above for the following questions. Assume a mass of 50.0 kg, a spring constant of 350 N/m and an initial release position of 1.50 m from equilibrium. (the mass is released from rest)

  1. What is the period of oscillation?
  2. What is the frequency of oscillation?
  3. What is the force exerted on the block at 1.50 m?
  4. What is the amplitude of the system?
  5. What is the maximum displacement of the system?
  6. What is the maximum speed of the system?
  7. What is the speed of the block when it has a displacement of 1.0 meters from equilibrium?
  8. What is the displacement of the block when it has a speed of 1.0 m/s?
  9. What is the MAX PE of the system?
  10. What is the MAX KE of the system?
  11. What is the Total Energy of the system?
  12. What is the PE at x =1.0m? KE?
  13. What is the KE at v =1.0m/s? PE?
  1. In the waveform of the longitudinal wave shown above, the compressed regions correspond to
  1. In the waveform of the longitudinal wave shown above, the stretched regions correspond to
  1. A periodic wave has a wavelength of 0.50 m and a speed of 20 m/s. What is the wave frequency?
  1. A musical tone sounded on a piano has a frequency of 410 Hz and a wavelength of 0.80 m. What is the speed of the sound wave?
  1. A radio wave has a speed of 3.00  108 m/s and a frequency of 107 MHz. What is the wavelength?
  1. Bats can detect small objects, such as insects, that are approximately the size of one wavelength. If a bat emits a chirp at a frequency of 60.0 kHz and the speed of sound waves in air is 330 m/s, what is the size of the smallest insect that the bat can detect?
  1. Waves propagate along a stretched string at a speed of 8.0 m/s. The end of the string vibrates up and down once every 1.5 s. What is the wavelength of the waves traveling along the string?
  1. Two waves can occupy the same space at the same time because waves:
  1. Which of the following types of interference will occur in the figure above?
  1. Which of the following types of interference will occur in the figure above?
  1. At a fixed boundary, waves are
  1. At a free boundary, waves are
  1. A student sends a pulse traveling on a taut rope with one end attached to a post. What will the student observe?
  1. What is the fewest number of nodes and anti-nodes a standing wave can have? (Open pipe, Closed pipe)
  1. How many nodes and antinodes are shown in the standing wave above?
  1. In the diagram above, use the superposition principle to find the resultant wave of waves X and Y.
  1. In the diagram above, use the superposition principle to find the resultant wave of waves Q and R.
  1. How high or low we perceive a sound to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave, is defined as the
  1. As a sound source approaches and then moves past a stationary observer, the observer will hear
  1. If you hear the pitch of a siren become lower, you know that
  1. If you are on a train, how will the pitch of the train’s whistle sound to you as the train moves?
  1. If the intensity of a sound is increased by a factor of 100, the new decibel level will be
  1. A difference in 10 dB means the sound is
  1. What condition exists when the frequency of a force applied to a system matches the natural frequency of vibration of the system?
  2. What is the lowest frequency that will resonate in a 2.0 m length organ pipe closed at one end? The speed of sound in air at this temperature is 340 m/s.
  1. If a guitar string has a fundamental frequency of 500 Hz, what is the frequency of its second harmonic?
  1. If a guitar string has a fundamental frequency of 7.50  102 Hz, what is the frequency of its fifth harmonic?
  1. What phenomenon is created by two tuning forks side by side that emit frequencies that differ by only a small amount?
  1. Two vibrating tuning forks held side by side will create a beat frequency of what value if the individual frequencies of the two forks are 342 Hz and 345 Hz, respectively?
  1. Two notes have a beat frequency of 4 Hz. The frequency of one note is 420 Hz. What is the frequency of the other note?
  1. Draw a picture of the beat phenomenon.
  1. Two violin players tuning their instruments together hear 8 beats in 2 s. What is the frequency difference between the two violins?
  1. What is the wavelength of microwaves of 3.0  109 Hz frequency?
  1. What is the frequency of infrared light of 1.0  10–4 wavelength?
  1. In a vacuum, how does the speed of radio waves compare to the speed of x-rays?
  1. Compare the speed, wavelength and frequency of red light with violet light.
  1. If you know the wavelength of any form of electromagnetic radiation, you can determine its frequency because
  1. The relationship between frequency, wavelength, and speed holds for light waves because
  1. How does the intensity of light change as you move farther light is from a source,
  1. If you are reading a book and you move twice as far away from the light source, how does the brightness at the new distance compare with that at the old distance? It is
  1. Snow reflects almost all of the light incident upon it. However, a single beam of light is not reflected in the form of parallel rays. This is an example of ____ reflection off of a ____ surface.
  1. When a straight line is drawn perpendicular to a flat mirror at the point where an incoming ray strikes the mirror’s surface, the angles of incidence and reflection are measured from the normal and
  1. If a light ray strikes a flat mirror at an angle of 27 from the normal, the reflected ray will be
  1. The image of an object in a flat mirror is always: (3 things)
  1. If you stand 3.0 m in front of a flat mirror, how far away from you would your image be in the mirror?
  1. A concave mirror with a focal length of 10.0 cm creates a real image 30.0 cm away on its principal axis. How far from the mirror is the corresponding object?
  1. A concave mirror forms a real image at 25 cm from the mirror surface along the principal axis. If the corresponding object is at a 10.0 cm distance, what is the mirror’s focal length?
  1. If a virtual image is formed 10.0 cm along the principal axis from a convex mirror with a focal length of –15.0 cm, what is the object’s distance from the mirror?
  1. A convex mirror with a focal length of –20.0 cm forms an image 12 cm behind the surface. Where is the object as measured from the surface?
  1. In the diagram above, the image of object B would be
  1. In the diagram above, the image of object B would be
  1. A parabolic mirror, instead of a spherical mirror, can be used to reduce the occurrence of which effect?
  1. When red light and green light shine on the same place on a piece of white paper, the spot appears to be
  1. What color does yellow pigment subtract from white light?
  1. What color does blue pigment subtract from white light?
  1. Which pair of glasses is best suited for automobile drivers? The transmission axes are shown by straight lines on the lenses. (Hint: The light reflects off the hood of the car.)
  1. If you looked at a light through the lenses from two polarizing sunglasses that were overlapped at right angles to one another,
  1. Refraction is the term for the bending of a wave disturbance as it passes at an angle from one ____ into another.
  1. Give an example of refraction?
  1. When light passes at an angle to the normal from one material into another material in which its speed is higher, the light is bent ______the normal.
  1. When light passes at an angle to the normal from one material into another material in which its speed is lower, the light is bent ______the normal.
  1. When a light ray passes from water (n = 1.333) into diamond (n = 2.419) at an angle of 45, what is the angle of refraction?
  1. An object is placed along the principal axis of a thin converging lens that has a focal length of 30.0 cm. If the distance from the object to the lens is 40.0 cm, what is the distance from the image to the lens?
  1. An object is placed 14.0 cm from a diverging lens. If a virtual image appears 10.0 cm from the lens on the same side as the object, what is the focal length of the lens?
  1. film projector produces a 1.51 m image of a horse on a screen. If the projector lens is 4.00 m from the screen and the size of the horse on the film is 1.07 cm, what is the magnification of the image?
  1. A candle that is 10.0 cm high is placed 30.0 cm in front of a diverging lens. The lens has a focal length of –20.0 cm. What is the magnification of the image?
  1. An object that is 18 cm from a converging lens forms a real image 22.5 cm from the lens. What is the magnification of the image?
  2. What will happen to a light ray incident on a glass-to-air boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle?
  1. What happens when a rubber rod is rubbed with a piece of fur, giving it a negative charge?
  1. A repelling force occurs between two charged objects when
  1. An attracting force occurs between two charged objects when
  1. What is an electric insulator?
  2. What is induction? (Draw a picture)
  1. If two point charges are separated by 1.5 cm and have charge values of 2.0Cand–4.0 C, respectively, what is the value of the mutual force between them? (kc = 8.99  109 Nm2/C2)
  1. Consider a thundercloud that has an electric charge of 40.0 C near the top of the cloud and –40.0 C near the bottom of the cloud. These charges are separated by about 2.0 km. What is the electric force between these two sets of charges? (kc = 8.99  109 Nm2/C2)
  1. What isdifferent between gravitational and electric forces?
  1. Two point charges, initially 2 cm apart, are moved to a distance of 10 cm apart. By what factor do the resulting electric and gravitational forces between them change?
  1. If an irregularly-shaped conductor is in electrostatic equilibrium, where does charge accumulate?
  1. Two positive point charges are initially separated by a distance of 2 cm. If their separation is increased to 6 cm, the resultant electrical potential energy is equal to what factor times the initial electrical potential energy?
  1. A proton (q = 1.60  1019 C) moves 10.0 cm on a path parallel to the direction of a uniform electric field of strength 3.0 N/C. What is the change in electrical potential energy?
  1. Two protons, each having a charge of 1.60  10–19 C, are 2.0  10–5 m apart. What is the electrical potential energy between the two charges?
  1. What will be the electric potential at a distance of 0.15 m from a point charge of 6.0 C?
  2. (kc = 8.99  109 Nm2/C2)
  1. When does charge build up between the plates of a capacitor stop?
  1. A capacitor consists of two metal plates; ____ is stored on one plate and ____ is stored on the other.
  1. A 0.25 F capacitor is connected to a 9.0 V battery. What is the charge on the capacitor?
  1. A wire carries a steady current of 0.1 A over a period of 20 s. What total charge moves through the wire in this time interval?
  1. The amount of charge that moves through the filament of a light bulb in 2.00 s is 2.67 C. What is the current in the light bulb?
  2. What is the potential difference across a resistor of 5.0  that carries a current of 5.0 A?
  1. .A flashlight bulb with a potential difference of 4.5 V across it has a resistance of 8.0 . How much current is in the bulb filament?
  1. If a 75 W light bulb operates at a voltage of 120 V, what is the current in the bulb?
  1. If a 325 W heater has a current of 6.0 A, what is the resistance of the heating element?
  1. If a lamp is measured to have a resistance of 45  when it operates at a power of 80 W, what is the current in the lamp?
  2. What does the electric power rating of a light bulb tell you?
  1. An electric toaster requires 1100 W at 110 V. What is the resistance of the heating coil?
  1. A high-voltage transmission line carries 1000 A at 700 000 V. What is the maximum power carried in the line?
  1. According to Lenz’s law, the magnetic field of an induced current in a conductor will ______.
  1. A generator supplies an rms current of 1.66 A. If the resistance of the circuit is 66.0 , what is the maximum emf?
  1. The operation of an electric motor depends on the conversion of ______to ______.
  1. Which conversion process is the basic function of the electric generator?
  1. Two loops of wire are arranged so that a changing current in the primary will induce a current in the secondary. The secondary loop has twice as many turns as the primary loop. As long as the current in the primary is steady at 3.0 A, the current in the secondary will be
  1. A step-up transformer used on a 120 V line has 95 turns on the primary and 2850 turns on the secondary. What is the potential difference across the secondary?
  1. A step-down transformer has 2500 turns on its primary and 5.0  101 turns on its secondary. If the potential difference across the primary is 4850 V, what is the potential difference across the secondary?
  1. A transformer has 15 turns in its primary and 6750 turns in its secondary. If the potential difference across the primary is 1.2 V, what is the potential difference across the secondary?
  1. Radio waves travel at the speed of light. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100. Megahertz is
  1. Electric force is a vector quantity because it has magnitude and
  1. An ammeter should be connected in ______and a voltmeter connected in ______
  1. A person standing in a waist-deep pool appears to have short legs because of light
  1. The equivalent resistance of a 100.0 resistor and a 30.0 resistor connected in parallel is
  1. An electron which moves with a speed of 3.00 x 104 m/s perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field of 0.400 T experiences a force of what magnitude?
  1. A thin copper rod 1.00 m long has a mass of 0.0500 kg. What is the minimum current in the rod that would allow it to "float" in a magnetic field of 0.100 T?
  1. Echoes demonstrate ______of sound waves.
  1. Sound is a(n) ______wave.
  1. Light is a(n) ______wave.
  1. If three resistors are connected in parallel, there are ______current paths in the circuit.
  1. The change in the direction of waves at a boundary between two different media is
  1. .If a bar magnet is broken into two pieces,
  1. For a wave on the ocean, the amplitude is
  1. A standing wave set up in a 2.5 m long organ pipe (which is open at both ends) will have a fundamental tone for what wavelength?
  1. The rate at which energy is transferred is
  1. In Ohm’s law which variables are proportional and which are inversely proportional?
  1. Robert Millikan determined that
  1. Bits of paper stick to a plastic comb that has been rubbed because of
  1. An important difference between insulators and conductors is that in conductors
  1. When an electroscope is charged, its leaves spread apart because
  1. What is the equation for illumenance 5.0 meters from a small light source of 250 Lumens?
  1. A 0.038 kg lead bullet moving at 258 m/s strikes an object and stops. If all its kinetic energy is converted to thermal energy and none leaves the bullet, what is the temperature change of the bullet?
  1. Light is incident at an angle of 28.0° (From the tangent) on a lake. At what angle is the ray refracted? (The index of refraction for water is 1.33)
  1. Find the critical angle for water.
  1. If 25 g of hot water are added to 35 g of cold water, the heat lost by the hot water is _____ to the heat gained by the cold water.
  1. A rainbow is a phenomenon caused by what 2 phenomena?
  1. The process by which matter changes state from a gas to a liquid is called
  1. The energy that flows as a result of a difference in temperature is called
  1. A sound wave signal which transmits at a frequency of 1.43 x 104 Hz has what wavelength?
  1. On a sunny day at the beach, the reason the sand gets so hot and the water stays relatively cool is attributed to the difference in which property between water and sand?
  1. The convex lens of a copy machine has a focal length of 19.5 cm. A picture to be copied is 37.3 cm away from the lens. Will the copy be an enlargement or reduction?
  1. An electron is in the presence of an electric field of 300 N/C. What force does the electron experience?
  1. Describe electrical conductors